吉林省龙岗火山群地质构造特征研究
THE STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LONGGANG VOLCANO GROUP IN JILIN
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摘要: 本文就龙岗火山群的区域地质构造、火山体分布、喷发活动时代、岩石类型及岩石化学特征等,进行概略的论述。火山群分布面积约1170km~2,共有大、小火山167个,它们主要受北东和北西走向断裂的控制,火山口处于上述二组断裂的交汇点上。按其喷发时代由老至新分为四期:①中更新世中期(大椅子山组),有33个火山锥体,分布于龙湾—龙泉湾断裂以西地区,喷发物由火山熔岩、火山集块岩、火山弹组成:②晚更新世(新开岭组),喷发活动集中在东部的新开岭—四海一带,共有134个火山锥,喷发物为玄武质火山熔岩:③全新世早期(四海组),它是早期火山的又一次复活,以火山熔渣堆积为主;④全新世末期(金龙顶子组),它分布较小,且喷发强度亦大为减弱,以溢出相玄武岩流为主。Abstract: The Longgang volcano group lies in the southeastern part of Jilinprovince, in the middle sector of the Longgang Mountains,covering an area of 1170 sq km.It tectonically belongs to the central part of the Teiling-Jingyu uplift on the northern margin of the Sino-Korean paraplatform.The basement rocks exposed n the area are migmatite,quartzite and migmatitic granite.There are a total of 167 volcanic cones of varying sizes.The longgang volcano group is mainly controlled by NE-and NW-trending faults and the craters are located at the intersection of the two above-mentioned sets of fault. Four eruption phases may be distinguished.The first phase took place in the middle part of the middle Pleistocene (the Dayanzishan Formation).There are 33 volcanic cones distributed in the area west of the Erlongwan-Longquanwan fault.The eruptive materials are made up of volcanic lavas,agglomerates and bombs.The second phase occurred in the late Pleistocene (the Xinkailing For- mation).The eruptive activities were concentrated in theXinkailing-Sihai area in the eastern part.There are altogether 134 volcanic cones.The eruptive materials are represented by basaltic volcanic lavas.The third phase happened in the early Holocene (the Sihai Formation).It was an additional phase of rejuvenation of part of early-stage volcanoes.The eruptive materials are dominated by volcanic scoria.The fourth phase occurred extensively in the terminal Holocene (the Jinlongdingzi Formation),but the intensity of eruption attenuated obviously.The flood basalt is dominant.