Abstract: Geodiversity, as the abiotic diversity of materials, forms, and processes on the earth's surface and subsurface, with the same important concept as biodiversity, is an essential component of natural capital assets that provide ecosystem goods and services to humans. This paper reviews and discusses the concept of geodiversity, its values and services, and summarizes major national and international institutions' studies and practices in this field. Geodiversity has been gradually integrated into all aspects of natural resource management. The IUCN has adopted a resolution on the protection of geodiversity. The UK has launched a series of geodiversity actions. The major Nordic countries are promoting geodiversity protection. The US has started geodiversity research. Australia is conducting geodiversity assessment. Through the study and practice of geodiversity, the service field of geological work has been expanded, and geodiversity has given a rich connotation to the primary and public welfare geological work. Several insights can be drawn from the study and practice of geodiversity. Firstly, geodiversity enriches the practice of comprehensive investigation of natural resources. Secondly, it can provide geological solutions for ecological protection and restoration. Thirdly, it highlights the functions and values of geosystems and expands the service targets of geological work.