Intracontinental deformation, paleo-stress field and tectonic setting in northeastern Alxa Block since Late Mesozoic
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摘要:
陆内变形及其构造背景是地质学研究的热点之一。阿拉善地块东北缘的狼山地区中生代以来发育多期陆内变形，是研究陆内变形的理想地区。通过在狼山地区开展1:5万构造地质填图，根据大量的野外观测、详细的测量和构造切割叠加关系，结合前人所做锆石年代学和低温热年代学工作，厘定出狼山地区自晚侏罗世以来发育6期陆内变形。断层面矢量数据反演显示不同期次构造变形形成于不同的构造应力场。先存构造和欧亚板块边缘自晚侏罗世以来不同方向的增生是控制狼山地区陆内变形的主要因素。晚侏罗世—晚白垩世，狼山地区的构造变形主要受古太平洋构造域的影响，进入新生代，狼山地区开始受到青藏高原构造演化的影响。
Abstract:Intracontinental deformation and its tectonic setting is one of the hot topics of geological research. As the Langshan area in northeastern Alxa Block experienced multistage intracontinental deformations since Late Mesozoic, it is an ideal representative region to study intracontinental deformation. Based on large-scale structural mapping, detailed geological survey to clarify field cutting relationship, combined with published zircon geochronology and low-temperature thermochronology results, six stages of intracontinental deformation since the Late Jurassic in Langshan area have been determined.The vector data inversion of fault planes indicates that the deformations in different periods were formed in different paleo-stress fields. Both the previous structures and continuous accretion to the Eurasian continental margin from different directions control the tectonic evolution of Langshan area since Late Jurassic.From Late Jurassic to Late Cretaceous, the tectonic deformations of the Langshan area were mainly affected by the Paleo-Pacific tectonic domain, whereas, in Cenozoic, it began to be affected by the tectonic evolution of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.
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Keywords:
- Alxa Block /
- Late Mesozoic /
- Cenozoic /
- intracontinental deformation /
- paleo-stress field
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致谢: 感谢南京大学张庆龙教授在野外工作中的帮助及建设性的讨论，兰州乐途汽车租赁有限公司张新义在野外给予了热心帮助，在此表示感谢。
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图 1 阿拉善地块大地构造位置(a)及地质简图(b)
Figure 1. Tectonic location (a) and simplified geological map (b) of the Alxa Block
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图 2 狼山地区地质图(据参考文献[32]修改)及主要构造变形期次
Figure 2. Geological map and the deformation period of the Langshan region
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图 3 晚侏罗世逆冲构造
a—二叠纪花岗岩与叠布斯格岩群之中发育的双冲构造；b—二叠纪花岗岩逆冲于二叠纪玄武岩之上；c—叠布斯格岩群片麻岩逆冲于中侏罗统页岩之上
Figure 3. Thrusting structure in Late Jurassic
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图 4 早白垩世伸展构造
a—下白垩统与古元古代叠布斯格岩群之间发育低角度拆离断层，渐新统寺口子组不整合覆盖于下白垩统之上；b—断层带内发育“S-C”组构指示上盘向下运动；c—灰绿色、黄白色厚层断层角砾岩
Figure 4. Extension in Early Cretaceous
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图 5 晚白垩世左行走滑断层
a—沿断层带形成深谷地貌；b—左行走滑断层切割晚侏罗世逆冲断层；c—左行走滑断层切割下白垩统砾岩，砾石错断指示左行走滑(镜头向下)；d—左行走滑断层切割下白垩统，沿断层带形成深谷地貌
Figure 5. Sinistral strike-slip faults in Late Cretaceous
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图 6 早新生代右行走滑断层
a—断层带内发育厚层断层角砾岩；b—断层带内发育“S-C”组构，指示右行剪切；c—断层面上发育两期擦痕，早期为左行走滑(黄色虚线)，晚期为右行走滑(白色虚线)
Figure 6. Dextral strike-slip faults in Early Cenozoic
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图 7 中新世逆冲构造
a—狼山山前石炭纪花岗岩逆冲于渐新统寺口子组之上，最大主压应力方向为北西—南东向；b—狼山山前石炭纪花岗岩逆冲于下白垩统砾岩之上；c—断层带附近砾岩中砾石发生剪切破裂，形成R破裂，指示上盘向上运动
Figure 7. Thrusting in Miocene
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图 9 狼山地区晚侏罗世以来构造应力场
Figure 9. Stress field of the Langshan region since the Late Jurassic
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