The closure time of Junggar Paleozoic oceanic basin: Evidence from Carboniferous detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology in Kalamaili area
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摘要:
新疆准噶尔古生代洋盆闭合时限对中亚造山带古生代构造格局及演化研究具有重要意义。东准噶尔卡拉麦里断裂带南缘广泛出露石炭纪陆相粗碎屑岩系，沉积相分析表明其形成于扇三角洲沉积环境。依据区域地层对比、岩石组合特征及地层接触关系，将其重新厘定为山梁砾石组。选择西段滴水泉和东段双井子2个地区的山梁砾石组剖面进行地层对比，并在2个剖面底部采集粗砂岩样品进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄测定，获得最年轻的碎屑锆石年龄分别为349±4Ma和355±3Ma，代表山梁砾石组沉积时代晚于349Ma，应为早石炭世早期。碎屑锆石年龄分布特征及砾石成分表明，其物源主要来自断裂带北侧的泥盆纪火山岩。在分析前人资料的基础上，认为山梁砾石组碎屑岩系是卡拉麦里造山带强烈隆升造山过程的沉积学响应，形成于前陆盆地，限定了准噶尔古生代洋盆闭合时限在早石炭世早期之前。
Abstract:The closure time of Junggar Paleozoic oceanic basin is significant for the reconstruction of Paleozoic tectonic framework and evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB). The Carboniferous coarse clastic rocks, which are widely distributed in the south of the Kalamaili fault belt, were formed in a fan-delta environment by sedimentary facies analysis. On the basis of regional stratigraphic correlation, rock association characteristics and stratigraphic contact relations, the authors redefined the coarse clastic rocks as the Shanlianglishi Formation. Two profiles of Shanlianglishi Formation from Dishuiquan and Shuangjingzi area, which were respectively located in the western and eastern section of Kalamaili fault belt, were chosen to correlate the stratigraphic sequence. UPb ages of detrital zircons from two coarse sandstone samples on the bottom of Shanlianglishi Formation were measured using the LA-ICP-MS method. The ages of the youngest zircons, 349±4Ma and 355±3Ma, indicate that the sedimentary age of Shanlianglishi Formation were later than 349Ma, and it might have been formed in the early Early Carboniferous. The ages of detrital zircons and the gravel composition show that the provenance of Shanlianglishi Formation was mainly derived from the Devonian volcanic rocks in the north of the Kalamaili fault belt. Integrating the previous data, the authors infer that the coarse clastic rocks formed in the foreland basin were probably the sedimentary response to the uplifting orogenic process of the Kalamaili orogenic belt, and the closure time of Junggar Paleozoic oceanic basin is constrained before the Early Carboniferous.
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致谢: 中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心卢进才教授级高工、姜亭高级工程师、牛亚卓、冯杨伟工程师，在成文过程中给予帮助和指导，在此一并致以诚挚的谢意。
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图 1 新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区区域地质简图
Figure 1. Sketch geological map of the Kalamaili area in eastern Junggar, Xinjiang
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图版Ⅰ
a.山梁砾石组与下伏卡拉麦里组不整合接触；b、c.山梁砾石组底部紫红色砾岩；d.下段含砾粗砂岩中大型斜层理；e.中段水下分流河道砾岩；f.水下分流河道灰绿色砂岩；g.上段泥页岩中砂岩透镜体；h.薄层状炭质泥岩和煤层
图版Ⅰ.
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图 2 新疆卡拉麦里断裂带南缘山梁砾石组地层对比
Figure 2. The stratigraphic correlation of Shanlianglishi Formation in the south of the Kalamaili fault belt, Xinjiang
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图 3 新疆东准噶尔卡拉麦里地区山梁砾石组碎屑锆石阴极发光（CL）图像
Figure 3. CL images of detrital zircons from the Shanlianglishi Formation in Kalamaili area of eastern Junggar, Xinjiang
表 1 卡拉麦里地区山梁砾石组底部粗砂岩碎屑锆石U-Th-Pb数据
Table 1 U-Th-Pb isotopic data for detrital zircon from the coarse sandstone of Shanlianglishi Formation in Kalamaili area
测试点 含量/10-6 232Th/238U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma 232Th 238U 206Pb 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ Pb/206U238 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ Pb/206U238 1σ 样品号 DSQ-1TW DSQ-1TW-01 90 279 60 0.32 0.0516 0.0058 0.4325 0.0475 0.0608 0.0016 270 197 365 34 380 10 DSQ-1TW-02 490 1247 375 0.39 0.0565 0.0012 0.4362 0.0085 0.0561 0.0004 471 30 368 6 352 3 DSQ-1TW-03 528 1093 340 0.48 0.0569 0.0015 0.6115 0.0146 0.0781 0.0007 487 38 485 9 484 4 DSQ-1TW-04 219 221 52 0.99 0.0542 0.0023 0.4386 0.0182 0.0587 0.0007 381 73 369 13 368 4 DSQ-1TW-05 345 570 136 0.61 0.0553 0.0029 0.4384 0.0221 0.0576 0.0008 423 88 369 16 361 5 DSQ-1TW-06 95 250 58 0.38 0.0546 0.0022 0.4390 0.0167 0.0583 0.0006 397 66 370 12 365 4 DSQ-1TW-07 93 269 65 0.34 0.0536 0.0021 0.4450 0.0169 0.0603 0.0007 354 66 374 12 377 4 DSQ-1TW-08 108 199 47 0.54 0.0532 0.0027 0.4303 0.0209 0.0587 0.0008 336 87 363 15 368 5 DSQ-1TW-09 406 643 153 0.63 0.0532 0.0015 0.4372 0.0116 0.0596 0.0005 338 45 368 8 373 3 DSQ-1TW-10 63 153 37 0.41 0.0526 0.0031 0.4382 0.0247 0.0604 0.0009 313 103 369 17 378 5 DSQ-1TW-11 326 484 115 0.67 0.0542 0.0018 0.4437 0.0136 0.0594 0.0006 380 52 373 10 372 3 DSQ-1TW-12 92 283 68 0.32 0.0527 0.0023 0.4390 0.0182 0.0604 0.0007 318 74 370 13 378 4 DSQ-1TW-13 187 321 106 0.58 0.0585 0.0031 0.6983 0.0355 0.0866 0.0013 549 86 538 21 536 7 DSQ-1TW-14 152 314 88 0.48 0.0560 0.0036 0.5362 0.0338 0.0695 0.0012 452 110 436 22 433 7 DSQ-1TW-15 83 131 31 0.63 0.0527 0.0044 0.4352 0.0356 0.0599 0.0012 315 149 367 25 375 7 DSQ-1TW-16 142 293 71 0.49 0.0523 0.0024 0.4337 0.0194 0.0601 0.0007 300 80 366 14 376 4 DSQ-1TW-17 153 468 113 0.33 0.0522 0.0021 0.4356 0.0164 0.0605 0.0006 295 66 367 12 379 4 DSQ-1TW-18 78 284 68 0.28 0.0543 0.0023 0.4442 0.0181 0.0594 0.0007 382 71 373 13 372 4 DSQ-1TW-19 215 346 83 0.62 0.0530 0.0021 0.4365 0.0167 0.0597 0.0006 330 67 368 12 374 4 DSQ-1TW-20 268 438 106 0.61 0.0519 0.0023 0.4309 0.0183 0.0602 0.0007 281 76 364 13 377 4 DSQ-1TW-21 267 479 113 0.56 0.0529 0.0018 0.4292 0.0140 0.0589 0.0006 323 57 363 10 369 3 DSQ-1TW-22 66 204 63 0.32 0.0549 0.0049 0.5417 0.0471 0.0716 0.0016 406 155 440 31 446 10 DSQ-1TW-23 89 268 65 0.33 0.0532 0.0029 0.4437 0.0234 0.0605 0.0008 337 95 373 16 379 5 DSQ-1TW-24 106 345 83 0.31 0.0542 0.0022 0.4456 0.0171 0.0596 0.0006 381 67 374 12 373 4 DSQ-1TW-25 251 606 150 0.41 0.0543 0.0040 0.4628 0.0335 0.0618 0.0011 385 130 386 23 386 7 DSQ-1TW-26 482 835 231 0.58 0.0565 0.0033 0.5360 0.0304 0.0689 0.0010 470 99 436 20 429 6 DSQ-1TW-27 165 618 144 0.27 0.0547 0.0030 0.4363 0.0233 0.0578 0.0008 402 94 368 16 362 5 DSQ-1TW-28 205 349 81 0.59 0.0542 0.0039 0.4486 0.0311 0.0601 0.0011 378 125 376 22 376 6 DSQ-1TW-29 140 265 65 0.53 0.0517 0.0029 0.4315 0.0236 0.0605 0.0008 273 100 364 17 379 5 DSQ-1TW-30 184 477 118 0.39 0.0528 0.0021 0.4393 0.0169 0.0603 0.0006 321 68 370 12 378 4 DSQ-1TW-31 137 269 68 0.51 0.0544 0.0054 0.4645 0.0451 0.0619 0.0015 388 176 387 31 387 9 DSQ-1TW-32 160 305 75 0.52 0.0549 0.0024 0.4592 0.0191 0.0606 0.0007 409 73 384 13 379 4 DSQ-1TW-33 312 471 114 0.66 0.0548 0.0023 0.4651 0.0189 0.0615 0.0007 406 71 388 13 385 4 DSQ-1TW-34 531 761 185 0.70 0.0535 0.0015 0.4440 0.0114 0.0602 0.0005 348 43 373 8 377 3 DSQ-1TW-35 565 833 201 0.68 0.0543 0.0015 0.4485 0.0114 0.0599 0.0005 382 43 376 8 375 3 DSQ-1TW-36 181 434 105 0.42 0.0547 0.0019 0.4556 0.0153 0.0604 0.0006 401 58 381 11 378 4 DSQ-1TW-37 68 197 48 0.34 0.0550 0.0031 0.4575 0.0246 0.0603 0.0008 413 96 383 17 378 5 DSQ-1TW-38 173 378 91 0.46 0.0543 0.0022 0.4458 0.0174 0.0595 0.0006 384 68 374 12 373 4 DSQ-1TW-39 634 1055 255 0.60 0.0543 0.0014 0.4488 0.0107 0.0599 0.0005 384 39 376 8 375 3 DSQ-1TW-40 135 396 96 0.34 0.0543 0.0024 0.4513 0.0193 0.0603 0.0007 384 75 378 13 377 4 DSQ-1TW-41 114 257 59 0.44 0.0532 0.0027 0.4206 0.0207 0.0574 0.0007 336 89 357 15 360 4 DSQ-1TW-42 165 256 61 0.65 0.0527 0.0039 0.4190 0.0302 0.0576 0.0010 318 132 355 22 361 6 样品号 DSQ-1TW DSQ-1TW-43 129 286 67 0.45 0.0550 0.0025 0.4420 0.0195 0.0583 0.0007 413 78 372 14 365 4 DSQ-1TW-44 216 683 190 0.32 0.0567 0.0016 0.5377 0.0143 0.0688 0.0006 479 44 437 9 429 3 DSQ-1TW-45 82 260 61 0.31 0.0548 0.0027 0.4350 0.0210 0.0576 0.0007 403 85 367 15 361 5 DSQ-1TW-46 148 348 84 0.43 0.0530 0.0023 0.4358 0.0178 0.0596 0.0007 330 73 367 13 373 4 DSQ-1TW-47 472 706 205 0.67 0.0545 0.0015 0.5402 0.0139 0.0718 0.0006 393 43 439 9 447 4 DSQ-1TW-48 161 313 77 0.52 0.0545 0.0080 0.4415 0.0629 0.0587 0.0020 393 257 371 44 368 12 DSQ-1TW-49 186 461 108 0.40 0.0545 0.0021 0.4368 0.0164 0.0581 0.0006 393 66 368 12 364 4 DSQ-1TW-50 76 113 26 0.67 0.0551 0.0057 0.4373 0.0441 0.0576 0.0014 416 183 368 31 361 9 DSQ-1TW-51 127 140 32 0.91 0.0530 0.0132 0.4391 0.1074 0.0601 0.0034 328 380 370 76 376 20 DSQ-1TW-52 208 487 118 0.43 0.0545 0.0030 0.4432 0.0232 0.0589 0.0008 393 93 372 16 369 5 DSQ-1TW-53 143 303 76 0.47 0.0543 0.0026 0.4617 0.0214 0.0616 0.0008 385 82 385 15 385 5 DSQ-1TW-54 234 378 107 0.62 0.0573 0.0031 0.5316 0.0274 0.0673 0.0009 503 90 433 18 420 6 DSQ-1TW-55 387 534 127 0.73 0.0549 0.0019 0.4442 0.0147 0.0587 0.0006 408 57 373 10 367 3 DSQ-1TW-56 147 323 78 0.45 0.0544 0.0038 0.4456 0.0306 0.0594 0.0010 387 124 374 21 372 6 DSQ-1TW-57 132 200 48 0.66 0.0566 0.0048 0.4336 0.0355 0.0556 0.0011 476 146 366 25 349 7 DSQ-1TW-58 235 412 98 0.57 0.0549 0.0026 0.4547 0.0209 0.0601 0.0007 409 82 381 15 376 4 DSQ-1TW-59 72 125 30 0.57 0.0530 0.0041 0.4351 0.0329 0.0596 0.0010 327 141 367 23 373 6 DSQ-1TW-60 93 282 66 0.33 0.0545 0.0030 0.4413 0.0231 0.0588 0.0008 391 94 371 16 368 5 DSQ-1TW-61 103 321 74 0.32 0.0558 0.0028 0.4374 0.0211 0.0569 0.0007 443 85 368 15 357 4 DSQ-1TW-62 149 324 77 0.46 0.0534 0.0023 0.4332 0.0182 0.0588 0.0007 347 75 365 13 368 4 DSQ-1TW-63 543 850 211 0.64 0.0565 0.0028 0.4342 0.0208 0.0557 0.0007 474 83 366 15 349 4 DSQ-1TW-64 207 575 140 0.36 0.0541 0.0036 0.4301 0.0277 0.0577 0.0009 374 116 363 20 362 6 DSQ-1TW-65 93 310 82 0.30 0.0531 0.0026 0.4319 0.0201 0.0590 0.0007 331 84 364 14 370 4 样品号 SJZ-1TW SJZ-1TW-01 86 442 116 0.19 0.0536 0.0019 0.4720 0.0113 0.0638 0.0009 356 31 393 8 399 5 SJZ-1TW-02 83 184 46 0.45 0.0550 0.0029 0.4577 0.0202 0.0604 0.0010 411 69 383 14 378 6 SJZ-1TW-03 13 21 5 0.63 0.0599 0.0154 0.5040 0.1265 0.0611 0.0041 599 415 414 85 382 25 SJZ-1TW-04 156 105 24 1.48 0.0591 0.0072 0.4802 0.0559 0.0590 0.0020 570 197 398 38 369 12 SJZ-1TW-05 227 205 53 1.11 0.0537 0.0023 0.4704 0.0152 0.0636 0.0009 357 47 391 10 397 6 SJZ-1TW-06 55 200 56 0.27 0.0555 0.0023 0.5131 0.0160 0.0670 0.0010 434 44 420 11 418 6 SJZ-1TW-07 114 91 23 1.25 0.0542 0.0039 0.4394 0.0284 0.0588 0.0012 380 109 370 20 368 7 SJZ-1TW-08 136 172 46 0.79 0.0594 0.0057 0.5044 0.0456 0.0616 0.0017 582 149 415 31 385 10 SJZ-1TW-09 141 395 106 0.36 0.0597 0.0021 0.5256 0.0112 0.0639 0.0008 592 25 429 7 399 5 SJZ-1TW-10 384 635 193 0.60 0.0554 0.0034 0.5269 0.0288 0.0690 0.0013 428 88 430 19 430 8 SJZ-1TW-11 34 71 19 0.49 0.0551 0.0031 0.4580 0.0219 0.0603 0.0010 416 77 383 15 377 6 SJZ-1TW-12 77 177 56 0.43 0.0611 0.0025 0.6519 0.0192 0.0773 0.0011 643 39 510 12 480 7 SJZ-1TW-13 169 108 26 1.57 0.0549 0.0038 0.4644 0.0290 0.0614 0.0012 406 104 387 20 384 7 SJZ-1TW-14 140 213 60 0.66 0.0551 0.0021 0.5189 0.0139 0.0683 0.0009 416 36 424 9 426 6 SJZ-1TW-15 56 97 25 0.58 0.0541 0.0072 0.4647 0.0596 0.0623 0.0022 374 224 387 41 390 13 SJZ-1TW-16 67 223 56 0.30 0.0583 0.0032 0.4876 0.0224 0.0607 0.0010 541 71 403 15 380 6 SJZ-1TW-17 213 511 136 0.42 0.0560 0.0020 0.4855 0.0103 0.0629 0.0008 451 25 402 7 393 5 SJZ-1TW-18 91 139 35 0.65 0.0579 0.0041 0.4855 0.0313 0.0608 0.0013 525 105 402 21 381 8 SJZ-1TW-19 94 588 158 0.16 0.0572 0.0028 0.4657 0.0185 0.0591 0.0009 498 60 388 13 370 6 SJZ-1TW-20 199 297 70 0.67 0.0553 0.0025 0.4386 0.0149 0.0575 0.0008 424 49 369 10 360 5 SJZ-1TW-21 160 271 93 0.59 0.0587 0.0027 0.6561 0.0230 0.0811 0.0012 556 50 512 14 502 7 SJZ-1TW-22 115 392 112 0.29 0.0567 0.0064 0.5365 0.0580 0.0686 0.0022 480 185 436 38 428 13 样品号 SJZ-1TW SJZ-1TW-23 406 848 204 0.48 0.0623 0.0023 0.5177 0.0115 0.0603 0.0008 684 26 424 8 377 5 SJZ-1TW-24 47 282 71 0.17 0.0575 0.0025 0.5121 0.0169 0.0645 0.0009 512 47 420 11 403 6 SJZ-1TW-25 115 227 59 0.51 0.0575 0.0030 0.5185 0.0218 0.0654 0.0011 510 64 424 15 409 6 SJZ-1TW-26 74 233 81 0.32 0.0592 0.0054 0.6430 0.0551 0.0788 0.0021 573 141 504 34 489 12 SJZ-1TW-27 82 163 43 0.51 0.0540 0.0036 0.4541 0.0268 0.0610 0.0012 372 98 380 19 382 7 SJZ-1TW-28 222 343 89 0.65 0.0562 0.0024 0.4863 0.0147 0.0628 0.0009 460 42 402 10 392 5 SJZ-1TW-29 52 99 23 0.52 0.0562 0.0083 0.4387 0.0631 0.0567 0.0020 458 258 369 45 355 3 SJZ-1TW-30 58 119 28 0.48 0.0539 0.0038 0.4340 0.0294 0.0584 0.0010 366 123 366 21 366 6 SJZ-1TW-31 100 122 29 0.82 0.0533 0.0033 0.4404 0.0265 0.0599 0.0009 343 109 371 19 375 6 SJZ-1TW-32 400 666 161 0.60 0.0527 0.0015 0.4376 0.0112 0.0602 0.0005 318 43 369 8 377 3 SJZ-1TW-33 87 306 73 0.29 0.0545 0.0023 0.4478 0.0184 0.0596 0.0007 391 72 376 13 373 4 SJZ-1TW-34 144 477 113 0.30 0.0547 0.0018 0.4458 0.0140 0.0591 0.0006 400 53 374 10 370 3 SJZ-1TW-35 71 214 51 0.33 0.0529 0.0026 0.4356 0.0206 0.0598 0.0007 324 85 367 15 374 5 SJZ-1TW-36 109 226 54 0.48 0.0547 0.0033 0.4486 0.0260 0.0595 0.0009 399 103 376 18 373 5 SJZ-1TW-37 56 117 29 0.48 0.0529 0.0049 0.4317 0.0393 0.0592 0.0013 326 166 364 28 371 8 SJZ-1TW-38 72 90 22 0.79 0.0535 0.0044 0.4430 0.0352 0.0601 0.0011 348 146 372 25 376 7 SJZ-1TW-39 345 818 198 0.42 0.0524 0.0015 0.4350 0.0116 0.0602 0.0005 304 46 367 8 377 3 SJZ-1TW-40 108 346 83 0.31 0.0525 0.0021 0.4327 0.0169 0.0598 0.0006 305 70 365 12 375 4 SJZ-1TW-41 121 204 49 0.59 0.0528 0.0027 0.4355 0.0216 0.0598 0.0008 322 90 367 15 374 5 SJZ-1TW-42 153 307 74 0.50 0.0543 0.0024 0.4457 0.0189 0.0596 0.0007 382 75 374 13 373 4 SJZ-1TW-43 280 744 178 0.38 0.0518 0.0014 0.4299 0.0110 0.0602 0.0005 276 43 363 8 377 3 SJZ-1TW-44 162 612 166 0.26 0.0537 0.0043 0.4593 0.0354 0.0621 0.0012 359 139 384 25 388 7 SJZ-1TW-45 55 168 39 0.33 0.0535 0.0034 0.4314 0.0264 0.0585 0.0009 350 111 364 19 367 5 SJZ-1TW-46 125 499 130 0.25 0.0527 0.0026 0.4354 0.0208 0.0600 0.0008 316 86 367 15 375 5 SJZ-1TW-47 883 1337 324 0.66 0.0552 0.0012 0.4584 0.0092 0.0603 0.0004 419 32 383 6 377 3 SJZ-1TW-48 83 254 63 0.33 0.0546 0.0038 0.4554 0.0309 0.0605 0.0010 397 122 381 22 378 6 SJZ-1TW-49 1750 3172 763 0.55 0.0544 0.0009 0.4474 0.0061 0.0597 0.0004 387 19 375 4 374 2 SJZ-1TW-50 218 301 75 0.72 0.0545 0.0057 0.4506 0.0458 0.0599 0.0015 393 183 378 32 375 9 SJZ-1TW-51 125 169 41 0.74 0.0530 0.0032 0.4372 0.0259 0.0599 0.0009 328 108 368 18 375 5 
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表 2 卡拉麦里断裂带南缘粗碎屑岩系划分沿革
Table 2 The classification evolution table of coarse clastic rocks in the south of the Kalamaili fault belt
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