Zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical characteristics of volcanic rocks in Baiyin-gaolao Formation of Suolun area within central Da Hinggan Mountains and their tectonic implications
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摘要:
白音高老组火山岩位于大兴安岭中段科右前旗索伦地区，主要岩性为流纹岩和流纹质晶屑凝灰岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb同位素分析表明，3组样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为127±2Ma、133±2Ma和123±1Ma，即白音高老组火山岩形成于133~123Ma，为早白垩世岩浆活动的产物。岩石学和岩石地球化学特征显示，白音高老组火山岩类似于高分异的Ⅰ型花岗岩，有斜长石和少量角闪石部分熔融残留。锆石的176Hf/177Hf值介于0.282854~0.283026之间，εHf（t）为较高的正值，变化于+5.5~+11.5之间，Hf二阶段模式年龄（TDM2）为828~439Ma，表明兴安地块地壳的主体增生年代为新元古代—显生宙。通过对比东北地区（以邻区为主）同时代岩浆-构造活动，研究区内白音高老组火山岩形成于伸展构造环境，这种伸展构造环境的形成可能与古太平洋板块俯冲于欧亚大陆之下的弧后伸展环境有关。
Abstract:The volcanic rocks in Baiyingaolao Formation are located in Suolun area of Horqin Right Wing Front Banner within central Da Hinggan Mountains.Lithologically, the Baiyingaolao Formation is composed mainly of rhyolites and rhyolitic tuffs.Three groups of zircon samples yielded U-Pb ages of 127±2Ma, 133±2Ma and 123±1Ma respectively.The results of LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicate that the volcanic rocks in the Baiyingaolao Formation of the study area were formed during the Early Cretaceous period with ag-es of 133~123Ma.Petrological and geochemical characteristics of these volcanic rocks suggest that they are all highly fractionated rocks similar to I-type granite rocks, and their parental magmas were likely derived from the partial melting of lower crustal materials with pla-gioclase and a little hornblende as the residual phases.In addition, the volcanic rocks sampled in this paper, tectonically located in the Xing'an terrain, have high initial 176Hf/177Hf ratios (0.282854~0.283026) and positive εHf(t) values (+5.5~+11.5).These data, combined with young Hf two-stage model ages of 828~439Ma, suggest that the crustal growth of the Xing'an terrain occurred during Neopro-terozoic and Phanerozoic periods.The above results, combined with previous studies of the contemporaneous magma-tectonic activi-ties in Northeast China, imply that the generation of the Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks in the central Da Hinggan Mountains was relat-ed to the extensional environment caused by the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate beneath the Eurasian continent.
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致谢: 成文过程中得到吉林大学杨德明和马瑞教授的帮助，修改过程中得到吉林大学葛文春教授和吉林农业大学隋振民教授的指导，吉林大学杨浩、董玉、王智慧博士和杜岳丹硕士提出宝贵的修改意见，在此一并致以衷心的感谢。
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图 1 东北地区构造简图（a）和研究区地质简图（b）
Figure 1. Tectonic sketch map of Northeast China (a) and simplified geological map of the study area (b)
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图版Ⅰ
a、b.分别为样品P23-26-2流纹岩野外露头照片和薄片镜下照片；c、d.分别为样品P18-3-1流纹质晶屑凝灰岩野外露头照片和薄片镜下照片；e、f.分别为样品AB7112英安质岩屑晶屑角砾凝灰岩野外露头照片和薄片镜下照片。Af—酸性斜长石；Pl—斜长石；Q—石英
图版Ⅰ.
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图 2 白音高老组火山岩代表性锆石的阴极发光（CL）图像
（图中圆圈为点位，数字为点号，年龄值为206Pb/238U年龄）
Figure 2. CL images of representative zircons for volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation
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图 4 白音高老组火山岩TAS(a)、SiO2-K2O(b)和A/CNK-A/NK图解(c)
Figure 4. Diagrams of TAS (a), SiO2-K2O (b) and A/CNKA/NK (c) for volcanic rocks from Baiyingaolao Formation
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图 6 白音高老组火山岩SiO2-P2O5 (a)、SiO2-Al2O3 (b)、Rb-Th (c)和Rb-Y (d)图解
Figure 6. SiO2-P2O5(a), SiO2-Al2O3 (b), Rb-Th (c) and Rb-Y (d) discrimination diagrams for volcanic rocks from Baiyingaolao Formation
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图 7 白音高老组火山岩Sr-Ba图解(a)和锆石t-εHf(t)图解(b)
Figure 7. Diagrams of Sr-Ba for volcanic rocks (a) and t-εHf(t) (b)for zircons of volcanic rocks from the Baiyingaolao Formation
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图 8 白音高老组火山岩Y-Nb(a)和(Y+Nb)-Rb(b)图解
Figure 8. Diagrams of Y-Nb(a) and (Y+Nb)-Rb(b) for volcanic rocks from the Baiyingaolao Formation
表 1 白音高老组火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb分析结果
Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb data for volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation
样品编号 Pb Th U Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U /10-6 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ P23-26-2 样品岩性为流纹岩 02 4.48 101 181 0.56 0.0483 0.0030 0.132 0.0080 0.0197 0.00058 126 7 126 4 03 5.94 108 253 0.43 0.0483 0.0032 0.132 0.0084 0.0198 0.00061 126 8 127 4 04 3.79 97.6 155 0.63 0.0514 0.0053 0.136 0.014 0.0192 0.00075 130 12 123 5 05 4.31 117 166 0.71 0.0477 0.0032 0.132 0.0086 0.0202 0.00061 126 8 129 4 06 4.48 85.7 178 0.48 0.0457 0.0026 0.130 0.0073 0.0207 0.00059 125 7 132 4 07 12.6 547 436 1.26 0.0470 0.0016 0.130 0.0046 0.0201 0.00051 124 4 128 3 08 11.8 290 463 0.63 0.0465 0.0017 0.131 0.0049 0.0204 0.00052 125 4 130 3 09 21.2 525 616 0.85 0.0556 0.0071 0.152 0.019 0.0198 0.00060 143 16 126 4 10 8.35 237 310 0.76 0.0462 0.0026 0.131 0.0072 0.0206 0.00059 125 6 131 4 11 6.53 144 198 0.73 0.0552 0.0059 0.165 0.017 0.0217 0.00063 155 15 138 4 12 9.31 404 304 1.33 0.0462 0.0025 0.132 0.0070 0.0207 0.00058 126 6 132 4 13 6.5 171 262 0.65 0.0483 0.0032 0.131 0.0086 0.0198 0.00061 125 8 126 4 14 5.87 166 224 0.74 0.0478 0.0035 0.133 0.0095 0.0203 0.00064 127 8 129 4 15 9.98 459 356 1.29 0.0538 0.0027 0.141 0.0070 0.0191 0.00053 134 6 122 3 16 9.86 360 366 0.98 0.0503 0.0022 0.135 0.0061 0.0195 0.00052 128 5 124 3 17 6.19 119 200 0.59 0.0477 0.0049 0.146 0.014 0.0223 0.00067 139 13 142 4 18 4.86 133 186 0.72 0.0500 0.0031 0.138 0.0084 0.0200 0.00059 131 7 127 4 19 11.1 526 378 1.39 0.0502 0.0018 0.136 0.0050 0.0196 0.00050 129 4 125 3 20 12.1 493 428 1.15 0.0500 0.0019 0.138 0.0053 0.0200 0.00052 131 5 128 3 21 13.9 583 466 1.25 0.0476 0.0022 0.132 0.0060 0.0201 0.00054 126 5 128 3 22 10.7 275 440 0.63 0.0529 0.0025 0.139 0.0067 0.0191 0.00053 132 6 122 3 23 18.4 497 718 0.69 0.0472 0.0016 0.129 0.0046 0.0199 0.00050 123 4 127 3 24 5.32 216 194 1.11 0.0487 0.0025 0.131 0.0067 0.0195 0.00053 125 6 124 3 25 11.2 653 370 1.76 0.0548 0.0020 0.140 0.0053 0.0185 0.00048 133 5 118 3 P18-3-1 样品岩性为流纹质凝灰岩 01 2.70 48.7 108 0.45 0.0477 0.0036 0.142 0.011 0.0217 0.00068 135 10 138 4 02 4.73 105 184 0.57 0.0490 0.0023 0.146 0.0069 0.0216 0.00059 138 6 138 4 03 2.76 46.8 113 0.42 0.0481 0.0038 0.143 0.011 0.0216 0.00071 136 10 138 4 04 2.72 51.1 114 0.45 0.0498 0.0032 0.140 0.0088 0.0205 0.00061 133 8 131 4 05 14.8 383 591 0.65 0.0510 0.0015 0.143 0.0046 0.0203 0.00052 135 4 130 3 06 4.43 51.1 144 0.36 0.0512 0.0030 0.188 0.011 0.0266 0.00078 175 9 169 5 07 6.53 154 262 0.59 0.0485 0.0026 0.138 0.0074 0.0207 0.00059 132 7 132 4 08 6.55 131 261 0.5 0.0503 0.0020 0.146 0.0059 0.0210 0.00056 138 5 134 4 09 5.45 101 213 0.48 0.0507 0.0023 0.150 0.0070 0.0215 0.00059 142 6 137 4 10 4.23 119 131 0.9 0.0530 0.0071 0.163 0.021 0.0223 0.00073 153 18 142 5 11 5.85 134 227 0.59 0.0518 0.0022 0.150 0.0066 0.0209 0.00056 141 6 134 4 12 6.86 152 285 0.53 0.0510 0.0028 0.140 0.0077 0.0199 0.00057 133 7 127 4 13 6.86 213 237 0.9 0.0527 0.0037 0.153 0.011 0.0211 0.00067 145 9 135 4 14 1.08 31.2 41.6 0.75 0.0550 0.010 0.155 0.029 0.0205 0.0011 146 25 130 7 15 5.42 106 224 0.47 0.0547 0.0025 0.151 0.0070 0.0201 0.00054 143 6 128 3 16 4.41 111 177 0.63 0.0548 0.0032 0.149 0.0086 0.0198 0.00058 141 8 126 4 17 4.92 90.9 188 0.48 0.0488 0.0026 0.145 0.0077 0.0216 0.00059 137 7 138 4 18 9.94 460 301 1.53 0.0512 0.0020 0.149 0.0059 0.0211 0.00054 141 5 135 3 19 3.35 55.2 129 0.43 0.0485 0.0037 0.146 0.011 0.0219 0.00067 139 10 140 4 20 4.63 96.6 181 0.53 0.0522 0.0025 0.148 0.0072 0.0206 0.00055 140 6 131 3 21 4.49 146 161 0.91 0.0521 0.0027 0.148 0.0077 0.0206 0.00056 140 7 132 4 22 6.7 289 246 1.17 0.0568 0.0036 0.145 0.0091 0.0185 0.00056 137 8 118 4 23 5.62 135 217 0.62 0.0501 0.0030 0.141 0.0083 0.0204 0.00057 134 7 130 4 24 1.95 37.9 74.8 0.51 0.0542 0.0043 0.154 0.012 0.0207 0.00064 146 11 132 4 25 5.89 193 231 0.84 0.0536 0.0038 0.142 0.0098 0.0192 0.00059 134 9 122 4 AB7112 样品岩性为英安质岩屑晶屑角砾凝灰岩 01 5.48 76.6 221 0.35 0.0493 0.0016 0.129 0.0038 0.0189 0.00031 123 3 121 2 02 7.05 205 257 0.8 0.0485 0.0012 0.131 0.0027 0.0196 0.00030 125 2 125 2 03 7.82 52.8 242 0.22 0.0498 0.0024 0.128 0.0058 0.0186 0.00037 122 5 119 2 04 4.96 70.8 195 0.36 0.0517 0.0016 0.134 0.0036 0.0189 0.00030 128 3 120 2 05 6.61 112 276 0.41 0.0492 0.0012 0.125 0.0026 0.0184 0.00028 119 2 118 2 06 7.52 82.3 306 0.27 0.0488 0.0012 0.130 0.0026 0.0194 0.00029 124 2 124 2 07 5.81 95.3 238 0.4 0.0483 0.0012 0.126 0.0027 0.0189 0.00029 120 2 121 2 08 4.93 85.8 192 0.45 0.0610 0.0024 0.163 0.0058 0.0194 0.00031 153 5 124 2 09 8.47 91.7 347 0.26 0.0474 0.0011 0.127 0.0025 0.0195 0.00030 122 2 124 2 10 6.51 123 255 0.48 0.0484 0.0011 0.126 0.0023 0.0189 0.00028 121 2 121 2 11 4.86 81.4 192 0.42 0.0471 0.0012 0.126 0.0028 0.0194 0.00030 121 2 124 2 12 6.34 81.5 246 0.33 0.0502 0.0011 0.132 0.0025 0.0191 0.00029 126 2 122 2 13 6.79 105 277 0.38 0.0521 0.0012 0.139 0.0025 0.0194 0.00029 132 2 124 2 14 6.21 109 248 0.44 0.0481 0.0012 0.128 0.0028 0.0193 0.00030 122 3 123 2 15 6.59 85.4 277 0.31 0.0498 0.0012 0.132 0.0027 0.0193 0.00030 126 2 123 2 16 4.25 66 170 0.39 0.0479 0.0024 0.120 0.0056 0.0181 0.00031 115 5 116 2 17 6.57 62.5 270 0.23 0.0477 0.0012 0.130 0.0027 0.0198 0.00031 124 2 126 2 18 4.94 89.1 195 0.46 0.0489 0.0013 0.133 0.0030 0.0198 0.00031 127 3 126 2 19 4.94 101 175 0.58 0.0467 0.0011 0.131 0.0026 0.0204 0.00031 125 2 130 2 20 7.67 208 273 0.76 0.0498 0.0011 0.135 0.0025 0.0197 0.00030 129 2 126 2 21 7.19 97 278 0.35 0.0496 0.0011 0.135 0.0024 0.0197 0.00030 128 2 126 2 22 8.4 224 315 0.71 0.0498 0.0012 0.133 0.0029 0.0194 0.00031 127 3 124 2 
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表 2 白音高老组火山岩主量、微量和稀土元素分析结果
Table 2 Major, trace and REEs data for volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation
样品号 P23-26-1 P23-26-2 P24-4-2 P24-5-1 P18-3-1 P15-17-1 P2-1-1 PB3073 AB9145-3 PB9012 PB4061 岩石名称 流纹岩 流纹岩 流纹岩 流纹岩 流纹质凝灰岩 流纹岩 流纹质熔结凝灰岩 流纹岩 流纹质晶屑熔岩 流纹质晶屑凝灰岩 流纹岩 SiO2 77.15 79.94 75.96 75.05 74.72 69.63 72.88 75.28 76.19 76.60 74.84 TiO2 0.08 0.05 0.12 0.15 0.20 0.44 0.23 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.1 Al2O3 11.83 10.49 13.00 13.49 13.06 15.26 13.77 13.61 13.18 12.49 13.96 Fe2O3 0.56 1.01 1.06 1.36 1.26 1.60 2.65 1.15 1.07 1.06 1.14 FeO 0.08 0.13 0.29 0.17 0.55 1.15 0.75 0.69 0.08 0.17 0.55 MnO 0.03 0.07 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.08 0.05 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.01 MgO 0.10 0.17 0.40 0.23 0.31 0.36 0.20 0.19 0.16 0.08 0.17 CaO 0.11 0.17 0.31 0.36 1.77 0.69 0.33 0.17 0.19 0.22 0.15 Na2O 1.03 1.60 3.38 2.93 3.90 4.78 4.59 3.66 3.25 2.82 3.64 K2O 8.29 4.82 3.93 4.60 2.93 4.57 4.61 4.36 4.44 5.42 4.67 P2O5 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.03 烧失量 0.60 1.32 1.35 1.42 1.07 1.20 0.63 1.32 1.03 0.88 1.27 总量 99.89 99.76 99.75 99.77 99.88 99.79 100.65 100.67 99.77 99.87 100.49 A/CNK 1.09 1.28 1.25 1.29 1.02 1.08 1.05 1.23 1.25 1.14 1.23 A/NK 1.11 1.33 1.32 1.38 1.36 1.19 1.10 1.27 1.30 1.19 1.26 Ba 548 1480 637 705 494 749 961 783 767 236 971 Rb 515 151 112 119 65.6 99.5 95.7 102 149 180 118 Sr 125 115 120 123 291 195 488 117 116 155 107 Y 15 25.6 15.1 15.7 12.9 34.7 26.1 15.2 14.8 17.3 15 Zr 38.5 96 127 120 86.6 272 329 147 122 162 155 Nb 5.62 9.39 7.48 6.66 6.88 13.3 8.85 7.00 8.34 21.8 7.09 Th 9.73 11.1 10 9.93 7.10 6.05 6.95 11.2 6.90 11.1 11.7 Pb 63 24.9 22.4 19.7 18.9 21.1 13.1 14.4 20.9 20.7 17.7 Ga 10.9 9.08 14 12.8 15.8 18.1 20.2 13.5 15.1 15.4 15.6 Zn 83.4 37.7 57.9 28.5 33.7 68.2 101 91.8 32.4 40.6 13.4 Cu 1.76 2.31 2.21 2.02 3.13 3.13 10.7 2.21 3.58 9.55 2.69 Ni 0.56 2.86 2.23 0.99 2.54 0.86 2.88 1.79 0.57 0.48 1.06 V 1.21 0.46 7.04 5.38 25.8 3.98 85.5 5.11 13 14.5 3.75 Cr 3.51 3.62 1.93 2.55 5.29 2.93 2.96 2.10 5.58 7.58 1.95 Hf 1.57 3.46 4.00 3.65 3.07 6.90 7.97 4.27 4.14 6.17 4.96 Cs 8.20 4.37 3.93 4.50 2.80 4.16 11 3.24 6.27 4.68 2.16 Sc 2.03 2.21 2.22 2.12 3.70 5.92 11.8 2.05 2.29 3.15 3.14 Ta 0.48 0.65 0.70 0.63 0.51 0.80 0.50 0.75 0.83 1.51 0.63 Co 0.32 0.33 1.47 0.97 2.85 0.99 8.50 0.48 0.53 0.28 0.13 U 3.90 4.02 2.89 2.41 2.10 2.14 1.81 2.93 5.45 4.10 3.2 La 9.22 26.3 26 27.2 23 37.7 32.5 27.8 24.4 44.1 28.5 Ce 25.3 51.1 50.2 49.5 42.5 82.7 68.3 46.6 44 65.8 55.3 Pr 3.15 6.71 6.15 6.37 5.24 10.9 9.04 6.05 4.98 8.29 6.23 Nd 11.7 23.7 21.2 22.1 18.6 43 38.4 22 17.8 28.9 22.4 Sm 2.61 4.17 3.72 3.79 3.33 8.49 7.51 3.62 2.87 4.60 3.54 Eu 0.29 0.45 0.47 0.50 0.55 1.62 1.69 0.50 0.54 0.35 0.25 Gd 2.06 3.42 2.93 3.06 2.57 6.62 5.88 2.89 3.26 5.42 2.86 Tb 0.43 0.62 0.50 0.51 0.43 1.21 1.09 0.45 0.45 0.69 0.48 Dy 2.36 3.42 2.51 2.56 2.22 6.18 5.03 2.50 2.23 3.13 2.57 Ho 0.50 0.74 0.50 0.51 0.44 1.26 0.96 0.48 0.46 0.63 0.48 Er 1.41 2.13 1.41 1.44 1.18 3.38 2.46 1.45 1.45 2.05 1.54 Tm 0.28 0.41 0.29 0.28 0.22 0.60 0.45 0.25 0.26 0.35 0.32 Yb 1.74 2.58 1.88 1.84 1.38 3.79 2.50 1.95 1.77 2.24 2.02 Lu 0.41 0.51 0.43 0.43 0.31 0.94 0.36 0.30 0.34 0.44 0.31 Eu/Eu* 0.37 0.35 0.42 0.44 0.55 0.64 0.75 0.45 0.54 0.21 0.24 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素为 10-6
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表 3 白音高老组火山岩锆石Hf同位素分析结果
Table 3 Zircon Hf isotopic data for volcanic rocks of Baiyingaolao Formation
样品编号 年龄/Ma 176Yb/177Hf 176Lu/177Hf 176Hf/177Hf ±2σ 176Hf/177Hf εHf(0) εHf(t) ±2G TDM1/Ma TDM2 /Ma fLu/Hf AB7112 英安质岩屑晶屑角砾凝灰岩 01 121 0.039528 0.001180 0.282915 0.000021 0.282481 5 7.6 0.8 481 693 -0.96 02 125 0.024334 0.000696 0.282953 0.000027 0.282697 6.4 9.1 1 420 600 -0.98 03 119 0.043831 0.001331 0.282986 0.000031 0.282496 7.6 10.1 1.1 380 532 -0.96 04 120 0.021244 0.000690 0.282920 0.000028 0.282666 5.2 7.8 1 467 679 -0.98 05 118 0.026017 0.000860 0.283026 0.000036 0.282710 9 11.5 1.3 319 439 -0.97 06 124 0.045912 0.001493 0.282931 0.000032 0.282382 5.6 8.2 1.1 461 655 -0.96 07 121 0.024270 0.000759 0.282933 0.000028 0.282653 5.7 8.3 1 450 650 -0.98 08 124 0.048849 0.001599 0.283008 0.000036 0.282420 8.3 10.9 1.3 351 481 -0.95 09 124 0.037460 0.001180 0.282854 0.000025 0.282420 2.9 5.5 0.9 567 828 -0.96 10 121 0.038328 0.001165 0.282911 0.000026 0.282482 4.9 7.5 0.9 486 702 -0.96 11 124 0.060943 0.001984 0.282938 0.000033 0.282208 5.9 8.4 1.2 458 643 -0.94 12 122 0.058175 0.001853 0.282916 0.000029 0.282234 5.1 7.6 1 488 694 -0.94 13 124 0.023388 0.000663 0.282959 0.000022 0.282716 6.6 9.3 0.8 411 587 -0.98 14 123 0.044754 0.001294 0.282893 0.000025 0.282417 4.3 6.9 0.9 514 742 -0.96 15 123 0.039568 0.001150 0.282928 0.000024 0.282505 5.5 8.1 0.9 461 661 -0.97 16 116 0.038694 0.001193 0.282930 0.000027 0.282491 5.6 8 1 460 662 -0.96 17 126 0.038990 0.001405 0.282923 0.000037 0.282406 5.3 8 1.3 472 672 -0.96 18 126 0.047245 0.001700 0.282899 0.000035 0.282273 4.5 7.1 1.2 511 729 -0.95 19 130 0.025129 0.000824 0.282936 0.000028 0.282632 5.8 8.6 1 447 638 -0.98 20 126 0.027242 0.000800 0.282962 0.000023 0.282668 6.7 9.4 0.8 409 580 -0.98
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表 4 大兴安岭中段索伦地区中生代地层划分对比
Table 4 Division and correlation of Mesozoic strata inSuolun area of central Da Hinggan Mountains
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