The progress in the study of the Kupferschiefer type deposit in Lubin-G?ogów, Poland

The Lubin-G?ogów Kupferschiefer type deposit in Lubin-G?ogów of southwest Poland occupies an important position in Poland. The deposit has a length of about 45km, a width of about 15km, and a thickness of several tens of centimeters to twenty meters. Its ore reserves are about 1.5 billion tons, its grade ranges from 1% to 3%, and its total copper amount is about 50 million tons, with relatively rich Ag and PGE and some other precious metal elements. The Lubin-G?ogów Kupferschiefertype deposit is a volcanic - sedimentary type epithermal deposit. Its ore material was derived from the upper strata of the Early Permian Rotliegendes and the bottom strata of Middle Permian Zechstein, and ore-forming brine was formed in the basin; due to temperature and pressure differences, there existed two-directional convection, which led to mineral precipitation in the Late Permian, and eventually formed a superlarge deposit. In terms of the whole copper belt in Poland and Germany, the Mansfield deposit in Germany is similar to the Kupferschiefertype deposit in Poland: they both occur in Permian strata, and are connected with orogenic basin or depression of the basin on the edge of the platform. All this suggests that metallogenic potential are huge in the central basin of Permian strata. In addition, there are Kupferschiefertype-similar deposits in Lanping–Simao of Yunnan and Huili of Sichuan in China. Their ore-forming time is later than that of ore deposits in Central Europe basin, but they have similar geological characteristics and ore-forming processes. This paper summarizes previous researches on the Kupferschiefer deposit in the aspects of the geological environment, geological features, ore genesis and prospecting model, and the result can not only provide some reference for the ‘going out’ policy of Chinese mining enterprises but also guide the study of similar type ore deposits in China.