Metallogenic characteristics of the Central South Peninsula tin ore belt in Southeast Asia

Located at the intersection between the eastern part of the Tethyan tectonic domain and the Circum Pacific tectonic domain, the Central South Peninsula of Southeast Asia experienced multi-stage subduction and collisional orogenic activities that led to the formation of a series of W-Sn magmatic hydrothermal ore-forming systems related to the intermediate-acidic magmatism from Indosinian to Himalayan period and the generation of abundant Sn mineral resources. The Central South Peninsula tin ore belt of Southeast Asia can be divided into three tin metallogenic zones, i.e., the Mogok-Mawlamyine-Tanintharyi-Phuket tin metallization zone, the Jengtung-Chiang Rai-Chiang Mai tin ore-forming zone and the northern Viet Nam-Truong Son-Kon Tum-Da Lat tin ore-forming zone. The tin metallization is related to S-type granite. The tin ore-forming S-type granite belongs to remelted aluminium supersaturation granites characterized by rich silicon and alkali, high volatile content, high-K, high initial ratios of 87Sr/86Sr, high ratios of Rb/Sr and relatively enrichment of Be, Bi, Cu, Mo, Pb, Sn, Y and Zn elements. The tin orebodies are distributed mainly in the inner and outer contact zone between S-type granite and wall rock. The main metallogenic types of the tin deposits include hydrothermal vein type, skarn type, cassiterite-sulfide type, greisen type and pegmatite-aplite type. The ore-forming tectonic environment of tin deposits seems to have been the island arc environment and epi collisional orogenic environment.