Abstract: In 1994 China’s first 1∶50000 ecological geological investigation was carried out in the Daba Mountains.The theoretical basis of this work is ecological geology.Ecological geology is a new science that studies the ecological development law and the features of ecological changes on the surface of the earth.Its kernel is the dynamic balance of the ecological system centring around human.When the achievements of the ecological geological investigation are used in various economic sectors,they may contribute to the protection of the ecological environment and maintenance of ecological balance.