孔繁宗. 1989: 陕西省区域地质概述. 地质通报, (3): 14-24.
    引用本文: 孔繁宗. 1989: 陕西省区域地质概述. 地质通报, (3): 14-24.
    KONG Fan-zong. 1989: BRIEF ACCOUNTS OF REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF SHAANXI PROVINCE. Geological Bulletin of China, (3): 14-24.
    Citation: KONG Fan-zong. 1989: BRIEF ACCOUNTS OF REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF SHAANXI PROVINCE. Geological Bulletin of China, (3): 14-24.

    陕西省区域地质概述

    BRIEF ACCOUNTS OF REGIONAL GEOLOGY OF SHAANXI PROVINCE

    • 摘要: 陕西省除缺失上白垩统,上侏罗统和下元古界尚不清楚外,其他时代地层均发育较全,共划分出263个地层单位。岩浆活动期次多,岩石类型十分复杂。其中火山岩有4期,18个层位,以元古代活动最强烈。侵入岩共8期,超基性—基性岩主要分布在陕南区,以加里东期为主;闪长岩多属陆壳改熔型,燕山期多小型斑岩;花岗岩分布广泛,计有6个成因类型,以中生代活动最强烈。变质岩分布很广,共划分出六个变质期、17个变质单元,区域变质相类型齐全。华北区中元古代—早古生代盖层为低级变质,具“多层结构”变质特点;扬子区自震旦纪以来均无变质,属“单层结构”变质类型;秦岭区自三叠纪之前地层经历了多期变质,且多呈带状分布。全省构造单元划分出Ⅰ级区3个,Ⅱ—Ⅲ级共33个。查明深、大断裂21条,隐伏断裂6条。秦岭区为地堑式地槽,而且是优、冒地槽相伴而生;大巴山区为半优地槽,其构造迁移特点明显;陕北区新生代抬升作用频繁,故河流袭夺、夷平面、阶地等十分发育。全区地质发展史约30亿年,可划分为六个阶段,主要地质事件是中条、晋宁、印支三次大的构造运动。

       

      Abstract: Strata of various ages are developed in Shaanxi Province except the Upper Cretaceous.There are a total of 263 stratigraphical units in the whole province. In the North China area the Mesozoic-Cenozoic strata are the best developed, but the Silurian and Devonian are absent.In the Yangtze area the Paleozoic and Mesozoic are widespsead but the Silurian and Devonian are missing in most pasts of the area.In the Qinling area,the Paleozoic,Proterozoic and late Archean are all well developed. The magmatic activity took place frequently and rock types are very complex.There are 4 phases of volcanic rocks and 18 horizons,with basic and intermediate-acid volcanic rocks predominating.The volcanism was the most intense in the Proterozoic.Intrusive rocks involve 8 phases,of which basic- ultrabasic rocks are mainly distributed in southern Shaanxi.8 rock zones(areas) may be distinguished,with the Caledonian rocks predominating,Diorite is mostly of continental crust anatexis type.Most Yanshanian rocks are represented by small-sized porphyry bodies.Granite is widespread,with the Mesozoic activity being the most intense.It inclndes 6 genetic types. Metamorphic rocks are also very widespread.8 metamorphic phases and 17 metamorphic units may be distinguished.The types of regional metamorphic facies are complete.Progressive metamorphism is nmon.In the Nortb.China area,middle Proterozoic to early Paleozoic covers exhibit low-grade metamor- phism and the features of metamorphism with a“multi-layered structure”. In the Yangtze area,no metamorphism has happened since the Sinian and the metamorphism belongs to the type of basement metamorphism with a“single- layered structure”.In the Qining area,strata had all undergone metamorpbism before the Permian,and the metamorphic rocks straw zonal distribution,and superimposed metamorphism. 3 Ⅰ-order,12 Ⅱ-order and 21 Ⅲ-order rectonto areas may be distinguished in the whole province,8 deep faults,13 major faults and 6 hiddfn faults have been recognized.The Qinling area is a graben-type geosyncline(aulacogen), with the eugeosynclire occurrring in company with the migeosyncline.The North Dabs Mountains area is a semi-eugeosyncline,showing distinct features of tectonic migration.In the northern Shaanxi area the tiling upiift occurred frequently,the rivers were captured,and peneplain levels and terraces are well developed. The geological developement of the entire region has a history of about 3000 Ma,including the pre-Changchengian-Qingbaikouian,Sinian,Cambrian-Si- lurian,Devonian-Triassic and Jurassic-Quaternary stages.Among other things, the three important geological events are the Zhon gtiao movement,the Jinning movement and the Indosinian movement.

       

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