Study on the variation law of land subsidence, groundwater level and pore water pressure in Tianzhu, Beijing, based on stratified monitoring
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摘要:
为揭示天竺地面沉降监测站102 m以浅地层分层沉降规律，对天竺分层监测数据进行了分析。研究发现：①地面沉降主要发生在粘性土层，地面沉降发育情况与粘性土含量成正比，粘性土层在有效应力持续增大的作用下被压缩。②季节性变化特征方面，在一个水文年内，地面沉降所表现出的季节性形变特征与地下水位动态变化趋势有较高的相关性，丰水期地面沉降速率减缓，枯水期地面沉降速率明显增大。③不同深度土层变形量及其在总沉降量中比重构成的变化与相应的含水层水位变化幅度密切相关，现阶段北京地面沉降区浅部土体压缩减缓，中深部土体多以较快的速度持续压缩。不同埋深的粘性土体存在弹性变形、塑性变形和蠕变变形，具有显著的粘弹塑性; 天竺站浅部水流从第Ⅰ粉土层向第Ⅰ中砂层越流，中部水流从第Ⅱ细砂层向第Ⅱ粘土层越流，深部水流从第Ⅲ粉质粘性土层向第Ⅱ细砂层越流。
Abstract:In order to reveal the subsidence rule of shallow stratification at the depth of 102 meters in Tianzhu land subsidence monitoring station, the monitoring data of layers are analyzed.Research find that: ①Land subsidence mainly occurs in clayey soil layer vertically, the development of land subsidence is proportional to the content of clayey soil, and the stratum of clayey soil is compressed under the action of continuous increase of ground stress.②In terms of seasonal variation characteristics, there is a high correlation between the seasonal deformation characteristics of land subsidence and the dynamic change trend of groundwater level in a hydrological year.The rate of land subsidence slows down in the high water period and increases obviously in the low water period.③The changes of soil deformation at different depths and its proportion in the total settlement are closely related to the corresponding variation range of aquifer water level.The compression of shallow soil in Beijing ground subsidence area slows down at present.Most of the soil in the middle and deep parts continue to compress at a faster speed.The cohesive soil with different buried depth has elastic deformation, plastic deformation and creep deformation, which has significant viscoelastoplastic.the shallow flow in Tianzhu station flows from the first silty layer to the first middle sand layer, and the middle flow flows from the second fine sand layer to the second fine sand layer.the deep water flows from the third silty clay layer to the second fine sand layer.
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Keywords:
- land subsidence /
- groundwater /
- pore water pressure /
- variation law
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致谢: 在成文过程中北京市地质环境监测所地面沉降研究中心团队提供了支持，审稿专家提供了宝贵的意见，在此一并表示衷心的感谢。
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图 1 北京天竺地区可压缩层总厚度图
Figure 1. Total thickness of compressible layer in Tianzhu area, Beijing
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图 2 天竺地面沉降监测站120 m以浅地层监测设施布设图
Figure 2. Layout of monitoring facilities above 120 m at Tianzhu land subsidence monitoring station
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图 3 102 m以浅地层岩性分布及沉降占比
Figure 3. Lithology distribution and subsidence proportion of the shallow strata at 102 meters
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图 4 天竺站2005—2018年分层标100 m(左右)上下地层贡献量对比图
Figure 4. Comparison chart of contribution of upper and lower strata of 100 m (about) in layered standard of Tianzhu station from 2005 to 2018
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图 8 2006—2019年天竺站季节性形变与不同含水层之间关系
Figure 8. Relationship between seasonal deformation of Tianzhu station and different aquifers in 2006~2019
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图 9 天竺站分层标F3-10处浅部土体变形与水位的关系
Figure 9. Relationship between deformation of shallow soil and water level at F3-10 of tiering standard of Tianzhu station
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图 10 天竺站分层标F3-7处中部土体变形与水位的关系
Figure 10. Relationship between deformation of middle soil and water level at F3-7 of tiering standard of Tianzhu station
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图 11 天竺站分层标F3-6处深部土体变形与水位的关系
Figure 11. Relationship between deformation of deep soil and water level at F3-6 of tiering standard of Tianzhu station
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图 12 天竺站102 m以浅含水层越流图
Figure 12. Flow chart of shallow aquifer above 102 m in Tianzhu station
表 1 120 m以浅地下水、孔隙压和分层标分层情况
Table 1 The stratification of groundwater, pore pressure and stratification standard above 120 m
指标 埋深/m 指标 埋深/m 指标 埋深/m D3-6 27.5~31 D3-5 59.3-63.4 D3-4 85.7~91.3 K3-3k 22 K3-2k 71 K3-1-1k 96.5 F3-10 2.4~35.43 F3-7 64.5-82.3 F3-6 82.3~102 
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