Abstract: Based on the data from multi-target geochemical survey in the Chengdu basin,Sichuan,the authors studied the correlation between Cd and other 48 elements and their spatial distribution in surface soils of the study area by using linear regression and then factor analysis. A regression equation of Cd and other 28 elements and pH values has been obtained,which may characterize the origin and spatial distribution of Cd in surface soils. There are two sources of cadmium: natural effects and human activity. The magmatic and sedimentary rocks and sulfide deposit in the Longmen Mountains are the main natural source,and agricultural activity and urban pollution are the anthropogenic source,manifested by overlapping of human activity and natural agency. This study provides important reference for eco-environmental assessment and pollution prevention.