Abstract: The Machaoying fault zone is a major ore control tectonic belt along the southern margin of the North China platform in western Henan. Being complicated in structure, it was subjected to at least 7 tectonic events of 5 cycles. Among them, the Hercynian Indosinian extention decollement and the Yanshanian thrust napping played an important role in the evolution of the fault zone and the formation of Au polymetallic ore deposits.