Abstract: A study of deep structures in the earth’s crust in eastern China has been made through an analysis of the characteristics of the axial distribution of aeromagmatic anomalies. On that basis a tectonic framework called the axial tectonic framework, different axial patterm units called magnetic tectonic units and features reflecting deep structures in the earth’s crust called axial tectonic features have been delimited. Besides, the paper also discusses the crustal movements and evolution in eastern China and the laws governing the occurrence of energy resources such as oil, coal and hot springs. The axial tectonic framework consists of three E-W-trending axial tectonic belts and two NE-trending and two NNE-trending axial tectonic lines, extemding through eastern China. Besides, there are also some regional axial tectonic framework lines. These axial tectonic belts and lines control the crustal movements in eastern China. Seven magnetic tectonic units are distinguished, namely, the Northeast China, North China, Qinling, Yangtze, South China, East China Sea and South China Sea regions. In each region the relationships between the axial pattern and the deep structures have been studied intensively and several magnetic tectonic subunits have been further distinguished.