前寒武纪变质岩系角度不整合特点

    CHARACTERISTICS OF ANGULAR UNCONFORMITIES IN PRECAMBRIAN METAMORPHIC ROCK SERIES

    • 摘要: 五台山区前寒武纪地层中,至今已发现七个角度不整合面(表1)。而别的地区变质岩系中不整合面却发现不多,因此有人怀疑五台山区有没有那么多的不整合面?或者五台山区是否太特殊了。我省其它山区的前寒武纪地层中,一般都有四五个不整合面;冀东、鞍本等地也有四

       

      Abstract: In some respects, angular unconformities in the Precambrian metamorphic terrains are different from those in the Phanerozoic. In the Precambrian metamorphic terrains, as a result of superimposition of polyphase tectonic movements, metamorphism and migmatization, stratification was replaced by schistosity, and unconformable planes were folded with strata; therefore angular unconformities are not easy to recognize. And being tectonic planes of weakness, the planes of unconformity are liable to be intruded by magmas and are also prone to fracturing and displacement. These factors often cover the Precambrian angular unconformities. Under the oxygen-deficient conditions, the Precambrian crust of weathering, unlike the Phanerozoic one, is lacking in red Fe-Mn enrichment zones and white kaolinization zones. Owing to different intensities of weathering and different conditions of transportation and accumulation, basal conglomerates are not necessarily present on the planes of angular unconformity; if any, the composition of the gravels is not necessarily complex either. These factors often keep us from recognizing Precambrian angular unconformities. The loci where the geological processes differ distinctly, e. g. those between different metamorphic belts, different sedimentary formations and different volcanic formations and the structurally discordant areas, are favourable for looking for angular unconformities. In the past it was considered that the places where there were intense facies changes or large-scale overthrust faults were also candidates for looking for angular unconformities. Angular unconformities with indistinct angular discordance between two sets of strata can often be found through tracing the lower boundary of clastic rock series traversing the terrain and short sections. In general, angular unconformities are most easy to find in places where the overlying strata have well-developed stratification and a gentle dip and the vision of field is wide.

       

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