Application of multi-source remote sensing technology in the identification of debris flow source within complex mountainous areas in southeast Tibet
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摘要:
西藏南部及东南部地区地形地质条件复杂，气候恶劣，交通条件极其困难，铁路、公路等长大线状工程涉及范围非常广，采用常规的勘察方法进行泥石流等地质灾害勘察，由于效率低、风险大而无法完全查明。对线状工程在不同设计阶段采用卫星遥感、常规航空遥感、高分辨率无人机机载激光雷达（LiDAR）及高精度倾斜摄影技术，在藏东南高海拔、大高差等复杂艰险山区泥石流物源识别技术的应用进行研究。可行性研究阶段卫星遥感因其覆盖范围广而优势明显，初步设计阶段航空遥感可满足精度更高的要求，对于高植被覆盖地区，无人机机载LiDAR可去除植被得到地表真实高程模型，对泥石流物源进行有效识别，应用倾斜摄影技术可得到高分辨率三维立体影像，对强震后危岩进行判定，给震裂物源识别提供有效手段。形成了"卫星-常规航空-高精度无人机搭载"等从宏观-细观-细部的多源、立体、综合勘察方法，可为类似地区的泥石流物源识别提供借鉴。
Abstract:The terrain and geological conditions of southern and southeastern Tibet are complex, the climate is harsh, and the traffic con ditions are extremely difficult. The long linear projects such as railways and highways involve a very wide range. Conventional survey methods are used for the survey of geological disasters such as mudslides due to low efficiency and high risks. It cannot be fully ascertained. This article uses satellite remote sensing, onventional aerial remote sensing, high-resolution drone airborne lidar (LiDAR) and high-precision oblique photography technology in the linear engineering at different design stages in the complex and dangerous mountainnous areas such as high altitudes and large elevation differences in southeastern Tibet. Research on the application of provenance identification technology. In the feasibility study stage, satellite remote sensing has obvious advantages due to its wide coverage. In the preliminary design stage, aerial remote sensing can meet the higher accuracy requirements. For areas with high vegetation coverage, UAV airborne LiDAR can remove vegetation to obtain a true elevation model of the ground. The provenance is effectively identified, and high resolution three-dimensional images can be obtained by the application of oblique photography technology, which can determine the dangerous rock after a strong earthquake, and provide an effective means for the identification of the seismic source. The formation of "satellite-conventional aviation-high-precision drones" and other multi-source, three-dimensional, comprehensive survey methods from macro-micro-details, can provide reference for the identification of debris flow provenance in similar areas.
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图 2 冻错曲沟谷泥石流流通区及堆积区遥感影像
Figure 2. Remote sensing image map of debris flow circulation area and accumulation area in Dongcuoqu
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图 3 航空遥感泥石流纹理及几何影像
Figure 3. Aerial remote sensing of debris flow texture and geometric feature images
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图 4 曲宗藏布泥石流堆积区
Figure 4. DSM(a) and DEM(b) maps of the debris flow accumulation area in Quzongzangbu
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图 6 结构面迹线图
a—结构面迹线展布图；b—结构面迹线侧视图
Figure 6. Structural trace layout and side view of structural trace
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图 7 结构面迹长直方图(a)及产状极点图(b)
Figure 7. Structure area trace length histogram(a) and occurrence pole map(b)
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图 8 崩滑堆积体(BT-01)三维模型(蓝线表示崩塌堆积体；绿线和红线表示崩塌体主轴)
a—三维实景模型；b—三维灰度模型
Figure 8. Three-dimensional model of landslide accumulation (BT-01)
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图 11 迹长大于25 m的结构面迹线展布图
Figure 11. Trace layout of structural surface with trace length greater than 25 m
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