A landslide volume calculation method based on LiDAR topography and slip surface reconstruction: A case study of Deda ancient landslide in Batang County of Sichuan Province
-
摘要:
由于滑坡具有突发性和运动速度快的特性，对社会和人类生命财产具有重大危害，往往滑坡体积和规模越大造成的危害也越大，因此，滑坡体积的精准计算对于防治工程的实施和防灾减灾风险评价尤为重要。目前滑坡体积计算常用的方法主要有野外测量法、几何法、数值模拟法、DEM（数字高程模型）法等，这些方法都具有一定的局限性，对于滑坡体积的计算结果精度较差。因此，提出了一种基于高精度的激光雷达（LiDAR）地形与滑动面重构的滑坡体积计算方法（LS-Drill_Volume），并以四川省巴塘县德达古滑坡为例进行滑坡体积的计算研究。通过采用机载LiDAR扫描获取德达古滑坡的地形数据；利用克里金插值法对滑坡边界点和钻孔数据进行插值，以此重构滑动面，获得滑动面高程；通过填挖方对滑坡体积进行计算，得到德达古滑坡体积为1259×104 m3，其中德达Ⅰ号滑坡体积为613×104 m3，Ⅱ号滑坡体积为646×104 m3，与野外测量法相比，体积计算精度分别提升了20.8%、21.4%和20.2%。此方法与现有体积测算方法相比，能够提供更精确的滑坡体体积，从而为滑坡评价及工程防治提供更可靠的依据。
Abstract:Because of its suddenly occurrence and rapid movement, the landslide could do great harm to the society and human life. Because the damage caused by landslide increases with the increase of landslide scale, the accurate calculation of landslide volume is extremely important for the disaster prevention and control projects, and the disaster prevention and mitigation risk evaluation. At present, the commonly used methods for landslide volume calculation mainly include field measurement method, geometric method, numerical simulation method, and DEM method, etc., but there are some certain limitations and poor accuracy of landslide volume calculation results in some of those methods. Therefore, a landslide volume calculation method was proposed, which is based on the high-precision LiDAR terrain and sliding surface reconstruction and named LS-Drill_Volume. The Deda ancient landslide, distributed in Batang County of Sichuan Province, was taken as an example for the LS-Drill_Volume study. The airborne LiDAR scanning method was used to obtain the topographic data of Deda ancient landslide, the landslide boundary points and drill data were interpolated by Kriging interpolation method, and then the sliding surface was reconstructed. Based on the obtained the elevation of the sliding surface, by means of ArcGIS software, the landslide volume was finally calculated by filling and excavation. The calculating results show that the volume of Deda ancient landslide is 1259×104 m3, of which the volume of Deda Ⅰ landslide section is 613×104 m3, and the volume of landslide Ⅱ section is 646×104 m3. Compared with the field measurement method, the volume calculation accuracy is improved by 20.8%, 21.4% and 20.2%, respectively. Compared with the existing volume measurement methods, this method can provide more accurate volume of landslide, so as to provide more reliable basis for landslide evaluation and prevention engineering.
-
Keywords:
- landslide volume /
- sliding surface /
- LiDAR /
- drill /
- Deda ancient landslide
-
致谢: 感谢审稿专家对本文提出的宝贵意见，中国地质科学院地质力学研究所金继军、宋德光硕士研究生，四川省地质调查院廖维高级工程师等参加了部分野外地质调查和数据处理工作，在此一并表示感谢。
-
![]()
图 1 四川省巴塘县德达滑坡区域位置
Q4al+pl—第四系松散堆积物；T3t1—上三叠统曲图姆沟组下段砂板岩；T3q2—上三叠统曲嘎寺组上段石英砂岩、灰岩夹基性火山岩；T3q1—上三叠统曲嘎寺组下段砂板岩、灰岩夹基性火山岩；T1-2b—中下三叠统上组砂岩、千枚状板岩夹泥质灰岩；T1-2a—中下三叠统下组千枚状板岩夹砂岩、泥沙质灰岩；γβ53—燕山期晚期斑状黑云母花岗岩
Figure 1. Location of the Deda landslide area in Batang County, Sichuan Province
![]()
图 4 填挖方体积计算原理(据参考文献[28]修改)
Figure 4. The calculation principle of fill and excavation volume
![]()
图 5 德达古滑坡DSM(A)与DEM(B)处理效果对比图
a—建筑；b—植被；a’—真实地表；b’—真实地表
Figure 5. Comparison of DSM(A) and DEM(B) treatment effects of Deda ancient landslide
![]()
图 6 德达古滑坡Ⅰ-Ⅰ'剖面工程地质图
T3q1—上三叠统曲嘎寺组下段灰岩；T1-2b—中下三叠统上组千枚状板岩
Figure 6. Engineering geological profile(Ⅰ-Ⅰ')of Deda ancient landslide
![]()
图 7 德达古滑坡Ⅱ-Ⅱ'剖面工程地质图
T3q1—上三叠统曲嘎寺组下段灰岩；T1-2b—中下三叠统上组千枚状板岩
Figure 7. Engineering geological profile(Ⅱ-Ⅱ')of Deda ancient landslide
![]()
图 9 德达古滑坡滑动面拟合结果
A—滑动面点云分布图；B—部分滑动面示意图
Figure 9. Sliding surface fitting results of the Deda ancient landslide
表 1 德达Ⅰ号滑体滑动面趋势效应
Table 1 Trend effect analysis of the sliding surface of Deda Ⅰ landslide
趋势效应 标准平均值(ME) 均方根预测误差(RMSE) 平均标准误差(ASE) 标准均方根预测误差(RMSSE) |RMSE-ASE| 无 0.60 18.67 23.02 0.83 4.35 一阶 -0.51 18.60 18.07 1.03 0.53 二阶 -0.88 19.50 18.00 1.08 1.50 三阶 -1.22 19.27 16.20 1.19 3.07 
下载: 导出CSV
表 2 德达Ⅱ号滑体滑动面趋势效应
Table 2 Trend effect analysis of the sliding surface of Deda Ⅱ landslide
趋势效应 标准平均值(ME) 均方根预测误差(RMSE) 平均标准误差(ASE) 标准均方根预测误差(RMSSE) |RMSE-ASE| 无 0.33 11.83 7.88 1.58 3.95 一阶 -0.76 12.00 13.17 0.94 1.17 二阶 0.03 13.09 13.18 0.97 0.09 三阶 0.19 13.18 11.40 1.16 1.77
下载: 导出CSV
表 3 德达古滑坡体积计算结果对比
Table 3 Comparison of calculation resultsof the Deda ancient landslide
滑坡体 野外测量估算体积/104 m3 LS-Drill_Volume方法计算体积/104 m3 建议体积/104 m3 基于本文方法的计算精度提升/% Ⅰ号滑坡体 780 613 613 21.4 Ⅱ号滑坡体 810 646 646 20.2 滑坡总体积 1590 1259 1259 20.8
下载: 导出CSV
-
黄润秋. 20世纪以来中国的大型滑坡及其发生机制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2007, 26(3): 433-451. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2007.03.001 王治华. 滑坡遥感调查、监测与评估[J]. 国土资源遥感, 2007, (1): 10-15, 23, 103. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-070X.2007.01.002 郭长宝, 张永双, 蒋良文, 等. 川藏铁路沿线及邻区环境工程地质问题概论[J]. 现代地质, 2017, 31(5): 877-899. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-8527.2017.05.001 孙小平, 曾鹏, 张天龙, 等. 滑坡运动距离超越概率评价及危险性区划[J]. 地质通报, 2021, 40(9): 1560-1569. http://dzhtb.cgs.cn/gbc/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20210915&flag=1 张小咏, 陈正超, 赵海涛. 一种基于遥感影像和DEM的滑坡体体积快速计算方法[J]. 应用基础与工程科学学报, 2013, 21(5): 938-945. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1005-0930.2013.05.014 许强, 李为乐, 董秀军, 等. 四川茂县叠溪镇新磨村滑坡特征与成因机制初步研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(11): 2612-2628. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-YSLX201711002.htm Barla G, Paronuzzi P. The 1963 Vajont Landslide: 50th Anniversary[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2013, 46(6): 1267-1270. doi: 10.1007/s00603-013-0483-7
钟立勋. 意大利瓦依昂水库滑坡事件的启示[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 1994, (2): 77-84. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGDH402.012.htm 赵志明, 潘岳, 陈理. 四川茂县新磨村滑坡高速启动机理研究[J/OL]. 工程地质学报: 1-10[2021-08-19]. https://doi.org/10.13544/j.cnki.jeg.2020-241. 韩建楠. 基于重构滑动面的滑坡体积的测算[D]. 长安大学硕士学位论文, 2018. Cha D, Hwang J, Choi B. Landslides detection and volume estimation in Jinbu area of Korea[J]. Forest Science and Technology, 2018, 14(2): 61-65. doi: 10.1080/21580103.2018.1446367
熊道锟, 胡济珍. 一种计算滑坡体积的新方法[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 1990, (2): 51-54, 50. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-SWDG199002016.htm 王湘桂, 吕玲, 王浩. 平行断面法在滑坡体积计算中的应用[J]. 资源环境与工程, 2012, 26: 107-108. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1211.2012.z1.029 周婷, 葛云峰, 郑淼, 等. 火星水手谷滑坡体体积的计算方法研究[J]. 安全与环境工程, 2017, 24(4): 34-42. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-KTAQ201704006.htm Marchesini I, Cencetti C, Rosa P. A preliminary method for the evaluation of the landslides volume at a regional scale[J]. GeoInformatica, 2009, 13(3): 277-289. doi: 10.1007/s10707-008-0060-5
Murty T S. Tsunami Wave Height Dependence on Landslide Volume[J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics, 2003, 160(10/11): 2147-2153. http://www.onacademic.com/detail/journal_1000034427194610_6e1c.html
Nikolaeva E, Walter T R, Shirzaei M, et al. Landslide observation and volume estimation in central Georgia based on L-band InSAR[J]. Natural Hazards and Earth System Science, 2014, 14(3): 675-688. doi: 10.5194/nhess-14-675-2014
王治华, 徐起德, 徐斌. 岩门村滑坡高分辨率遥感调查与机制分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2009, 28(9): 1810-1818. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6915.2009.09.011 殷跃平, 成余粮, 王军, 等. 汶川地震触发大光包巨型滑坡遥感研究[J]. 工程地质学报, 2011, 19(5): 674-684. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9665.2011.05.007 Rahman A M, Hiroyuki M. Volumetric Analysis of the Landslide in Abe Barek, Afghanistan Based on Nonlinear Mapping of Stereo Satellite Imagery-Derived DEMs[J]. Remote Sensing, 2021, 13(3): 1-22. http://www.researchgate.net/publication/348829002_Volumetric_Analysis_of_the_Landslide_in_Abe_Barek_Afghanistan_Based_on_Nonlinear_Mapping_of_Stereo_Satellite_Imagery-Derived_DEMs
曹入文, 周训, 陈柄桦, 等. 四川巴塘县茶洛地区温泉及间歇喷泉水化学特征和成因分析[J]. 地学前缘, 2021, 28(4): 361-372. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-DXQY202104040.htm 白永健, 李明辉, 王东辉, 等. 金沙江中游巴塘县地质灾害发育特征及成灾规律[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报, 2014, 25(2): 103-109. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGDH201402023.htm 吴瑞安, 倪嘉伟, 郭长宝等. 川西巴塘断裂带黄草坪滑坡形成机制[J]. 地质通报, 2021, 40(12): 1992-2001. http://dzhtb.cgs.cn/gbc/ch/reader/view_abstract.aspx?file_no=20211202&flag=1 刘妍. 基于MicroStation的机载激光雷达数据处理应用研究[D]. 长安大学硕士学位论文, 2011. 赵秀臣. 基于无人机低空遥感和深度学习的DEM生产技术[D]. 西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文, 2019. 吴小芳, 杜清运, 徐智勇, 等. 复杂线状符号的设计及优化算法研究[J]. 武汉大学学报(信息科学版), 2006, (7): 632-635. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-WHCH200607019.htm 靳国栋, 刘衍聪, 牛文杰. 距离加权反比插值法和克里金插值法的比较[J]. 长春工业大学学报(自然科学版), 2003(3): 53-57. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-1374-B.2003.03.017 李俊晓, 李朝奎, 殷智慧. 基于ArcGIS的克里金插值方法及其应用[J]. 测绘通报, 2013, (9): 87-90, 97. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-CHTB201309026.htm 刘世伟, 吴锦奎, 张文春, 等. 基于克里金插值估算区域降水量的抽样方法对比分析——以甘肃省为例[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(3): 650-657. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-BCDT201503011.htm 张建成, 葛亮, 王亮. 利用ArcGIS进行土方挖填方量计算的原理与实践[J]. 中国水土保持, 2016, (7): 65-67. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-0941.2016.07.025
计量
- 文章访问数: 2754
- HTML全文浏览量: 494
- PDF下载量: 2118
