Geochemistry, zircon U-Pb age, Lu-Hf isotopes and tectonic setting of the Early Paleozoic gneissic granites from the Nyainrong microcontinent, Tibet Plateau
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摘要:
报道了西藏中部聂荣微陆块片麻状花岗岩的全岩地球化学、LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和Hf同位素研究资料。获得花岗岩中锆石206Pb/238U年龄为516±3 Ma（n=20，MSWD=1.60）。花岗岩属于高钾钙碱性岩石系列，具有类似I型花岗岩的地球化学特征，其稀土元素配分模式为轻稀土元素富集的右倾曲线，伴随负Eu异常，而微量元素蛛网图表现出Ba、Nb、Ta、Sr、P、Ti亏损和Rb、Th、Pb相对富集的分布特征。花岗岩具有富集的锆石Hf同位素组成（εHf（t）= -3.0~-0.1）、古老的锆石Hf模式年龄（tDMC= 1472~1659 Ma）和较高的Mg#值（32~47），可能形成于地幔岩浆对元古宙沉积物质的改造。综合上述测试结果及区域地质背景，推测聂荣微陆块寒武纪片麻状花岗岩应当是冈瓦纳大陆北缘安第斯型岩浆弧的一部分。
Abstract:The geochemistry of the Cambrian gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent, central Tibet, and its zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb ages and Hf isotope data are reported.The granite was formed at 516±3 Ma(n=20, MSWD=1.60), and belongs to high-K calc-alkaline I-type.It is characterized by negative Eu anomaly and right-dip chondrite-normalized rare-earth element patterns, enrichment of Rb, Th, and Pb, and depletion of Ba, Nb, Ta, Sr, P, and Ti.It exhibits negative zircon εHf(t) values of -3.0~-0.1 and relatively high Mg# values of 32~47, and yields old zircon Hf model age of 1472~1659 Ma, suggesting a magma source of Proterozoic sedimentary materials modified by mantle-derived magma.Based on the above study results and regional geological setting, it is suggested that the Cambrian gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent could be attributed to one part of the Andean-type magmatic arc along the northern margin of the Gondwana supercontinent.
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Keywords:
- Tibetan plateau /
- Nyainrong microcontinent /
- granite /
- geochemistry /
- zircon U-Pb dating
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致谢: 审稿专家对本文提出了中肯的建设性修改意见，锆石U-Pb定年和Hf同位素测试得到了中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所侯可军研究员的帮助，在此致以衷心的感谢。
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图 2 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩的野外露头照片(a)和显微镜下正交偏光照片(b)
Q—石英；Pl—斜长石；Kfs—钾长石
Figure 2. Field characteristics(a)and micrographs(crossed polarizers)(b)of the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent
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图 3 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩SiO2-(Na2O+K2O)(a)、SiO2-K2O(b)、A/CNK-A/NK(c)、Al2O3/TiO2-CaO/Na2O(d)、Rb/Sr-Rb/Ba(e)和SiO2-Mg#(f)图解(底图据参考文献[26])
Figure 3. SiO2-(Na2O+K2O)(a), SiO2-K2O(b), A/CNK-A/NK(c), Al2O3/TiO2-CaO/Na2O(d), Rb/Sr-Rb/Ba(e) and SiO2-Mg#(f)diagrams of the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent
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图 4 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩哈克图解
Figure 4. Harker diagrams of the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent
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图 5 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分图(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(b) (标准化值据参考文献[30])
Figure 5. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns(a)and primitive mantle-normalized spider diagrams(b)for the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent
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图 6 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩中代表性锆石阴极发光图像(a)、U-Pb谐和图(b)和206Pb/238U年龄图(c) (实线圈和虚线圈分别表示U-Pb和Lu-Hf同位素测点位置)
Figure 6. Typical cathodoluminescence images(a), U-Pb concordia diagram(b), and 206Pb/238U age data(c)of the zircons from the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite in the Nyainrong microcontinent
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图 7 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩中典型活动元素、过渡元素和不活动元素与Zr的二元协变图解
Figure 7. Plots of select mobile, immobile, and transition elements vs.Zr for the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent
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表 1 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩全岩主量、微量和稀土元素含量
Table 1 Concentrations of major, trace elements and REE of the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent
编号 16T160 17T082 17T083 17T084 17T085 16T097 SiO2 75.27 75.77 75.50 75.33 74.27 71.83 TiO2 0.18 0.13 0.16 0.13 0.25 0.31 Al2O3 13.41 13.34 13.43 13.60 13.78 14.26 TFe2O3 1.46 1.29 1.51 1.30 2.14 2.76 MnO 0.03 0.09 0.06 0.10 0.05 0.06 MgO 0.30 0.29 0.34 0.31 0.83 1.01 CaO 1.28 1.19 1.42 1.27 2.42 2.15 Na2O 3.08 3.35 3.45 3.57 3.89 3.45 K2O 5.26 4.60 4.32 4.40 2.37 3.79 P2O5 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.05 0.06 烧失量 0.59 0.77 0.49 0.69 0.78 0.88 总计 100.89 100.85 100.71 100.73 100.83 100.56 Li 13.8 26.1 21.3 27.5 15.8 17.8 Be 1.70 1.91 1.37 2.06 2.17 1.86 Sc 2.52 7.93 7.54 7.77 7.82 7.04 V 17.5 10.3 14.0 10.5 31.3 43.7 Cr 15.5 4.35 4.53 3.53 10.2 13.3 Co 2.63 1.82 2.29 1.71 5.03 6.60 Ni 11.4 3.87 2.93 2.90 7.10 8.38 Ga 11.6 14.4 13.7 13.9 13.1 14.7 Rb 207 181 168 178 115 157 Sr 59.4 79.4 85.3 79.6 100 154 Zr 113 90.0 108 94.4 126 169 Nb 6.68 10.1 7.03 10.01 6.77 9.53 Cs 3.38 4.61 2.44 4.19 3.18 3.68 Ba 343 361 415 358 322 700 Ta 0.31 0.97 0.28 0.82 0.68 0.75 Pb 28.7 39.8 30.6 40.9 15.4 35.3 Th 16.3 35.8 38.3 33.8 15.5 20.5 U 1.44 2.32 1.91 2.05 0.91 1.10 Y 12.8 42.9 40.9 29.1 18.7 15.1 La 16.9 31.2 24.8 30.2 27.3 36.5 Ce 48.1 69.3 57.9 65.5 54.3 69.8 Pr 4.45 7.81 6.17 7.30 5.47 7.07 Nd 15.1 29.4 23.9 29.9 20.1 25.8 Sm 2.70 7.29 5.99 6.53 3.66 4.30 Eu 0.57 0.74 0.76 0.74 0.77 0.82 Gd 2.44 6.86 6.02 5.74 3.30 3.39 Tb 0.32 1.08 0.98 0.89 0.52 0.47 Dy 1.71 6.82 6.31 5.29 3.31 2.80 Ho 0.32 1.31 1.31 1.02 0.64 0.53 Er 0.86 4.02 3.82 3.36 1.99 1.47 Tm 0.13 0.72 0.62 0.63 0.32 0.23 Yb 0.80 4.89 3.92 4.67 1.99 1.50 Lu 0.13 0.83 0.60 0.83 0.32 0.25 Hf 3.38 3.66 4.59 3.94 4.02 5.39 Mg# 35 34 35 47 46 32 A/CNK 1.06 1.04 1.05 1.03 1.04 1.02 ΣREE 172 143 163 124 155 94.6 Eu/Eu* 0.32 0.39 0.37 0.68 0.66 0.68 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6 
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表 2 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素数据
Table 2 U-Th-Pb isotope composition of the zircons in the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite from the Nyainrong microcontinent as measured by LA-ICP-MS
点号 含量/10-6 Th/U 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Pb 232Th 238U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1.1 70 524 740 0.71 0.0586 0.0012 0.672 0.014 0.0829 0.0009 550 43 522 8 513 5 2.1 84 544 917 0.59 0.0572 0.0010 0.662 0.011 0.0838 0.0008 498 69 516 6 519 5 3.1 108 735 1163 0.63 0.0567 0.0009 0.666 0.011 0.0850 0.0009 480 31 518 7 526 5 4.1 54 360 597 0.60 0.0579 0.0011 0.655 0.012 0.0821 0.0007 524 44 511 8 508 4 5.1 61 386 656 0.59 0.0588 0.0010 0.685 0.013 0.0845 0.0009 567 37 530 8 523 5 6.1 48 315 510 0.62 0.0619 0.0012 0.704 0.013 0.0828 0.0008 672 47 541 8 513 5 7.1 91 607 988 0.61 0.0591 0.0010 0.729 0.014 0.0896 0.0010 569 37 556 8 553 6 8.1 43 255 464 0.55 0.0563 0.0010 0.647 0.011 0.0834 0.0008 465 34 507 7 517 5 9.1 104 806 1081 0.75 0.0576 0.0008 0.671 0.010 0.0845 0.0007 517 31 521 6 523 4 10.1 105 481 1179 0.41 0.0597 0.0009 0.691 0.011 0.0839 0.0007 594 36 534 7 519 4 11.1 66 653 641 1.02 0.0551 0.0011 0.634 0.012 0.0836 0.0008 417 46 499 8 517 5 12.1 112 965 1138 0.85 0.0569 0.0009 0.640 0.009 0.0817 0.0008 487 35 503 6 506 5 13.1 111 542 1242 0.44 0.0568 0.0011 0.701 0.015 0.0895 0.0011 483 43 540 9 553 6 14.1 58 327 635 0.52 0.0568 0.0010 0.638 0.014 0.0814 0.0013 483 39 501 9 505 8 15.1 52 536 497 1.08 0.0582 0.0010 0.658 0.012 0.0819 0.0008 539 37 513 7 507 5 16.1 99 752 1040 0.72 0.0572 0.0008 0.661 0.010 0.0838 0.0009 498 25 515 6 519 5 17.1 45 284 481 0.59 0.0589 0.0014 0.681 0.015 0.0839 0.0010 565 45 527 9 520 6 18.1 106 703 1146 0.61 0.0571 0.0009 0.701 0.012 0.0889 0.0010 498 35 540 7 549 6
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表 3 聂荣微陆块早古生代片麻状花岗岩锆石Lu-Hf同位素数据
Table 3 Hf isotopic composition of the zircons from the Early Paleozoic gneissic granite of the Nyainrong microcontinent
点号 206Pb/238U年龄/Ma 176Yb/177Hf 2σ 176Lu/177Hf 2σ 176Hf/177Hf 2σ (176Hf/177Hf)i εHf(0) εHf(t) 2σ tDM /Ma tDMC/Ma fLu/Hf 1.1 513 0.0303 0.0004 0.001022 0.000012 0.282405 0.000025 0.282395 -13.0 -2.1 0.9 1199 1606 -0.97 2.1 519 0.0749 0.0025 0.002274 0.000067 0.282410 0.000015 0.282388 -12.8 -2.2 0.5 1233 1618 -0.93 3.1 526 0.0394 0.0027 0.001322 0.000087 0.282425 0.000015 0.282412 -12.3 -1.2 0.5 1180 1559 -0.96 4.1 508 0.0268 0.0002 0.000908 0.000008 0.282434 0.000015 0.282426 -11.9 -1.1 0.5 1154 1540 -0.97 5.1 523 0.0313 0.0003 0.001081 0.000011 0.282385 0.000017 0.282375 -13.7 -2.6 0.6 1228 1645 -0.97 6.1 513 0.0607 0.0011 0.002046 0.000032 0.282424 0.000016 0.282404 -12.3 -1.7 0.6 1205 1585 -0.94 7.1 553 0.0391 0.0012 0.001343 0.000038 0.282471 0.000018 0.282457 -10.6 1.0 0.6 1115 1441 -0.96 8.1 517 0.1291 0.0033 0.004199 0.000109 0.282456 0.000019 0.282415 -11.2 -1.2 0.7 1231 1557 -0.87 9.1 523 0.0278 0.0005 0.001008 0.000015 0.282414 0.000016 0.282404 -12.7 -1.5 0.6 1185 1579 -0.97 10.1 519 0.0304 0.0008 0.001043 0.000024 0.282426 0.000016 0.282415 -12.3 -1.2 0.6 1170 1556 -0.97
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