Abstract: As an important hub and distribution centralized area of oil and gas, Turkey is an important partner of the Belt and Road initiative, with huge potential of offshore oil and gas resources.Based on a brief introduction of Turkey's geographic location and its oil and gas resource, its industrial development history and the current status of oil and gas exploration and development in the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea are systematically summarized.It is analyzed that the degree of oil and gas exploration in Turkish waters is relatively low, and the exploration effect is not ideal, but its offshore hydrocarbon resources have great potential.Oil and gas resources in the Black Sea of Turkey amount to 1 billion tons and natural gas 800 billion cubic meters.The discovery of the Sakarya gas field further confirms the resource potential of Miocene-Oligocene reservoirs in deep water turbidite fan.Although Turkey has not yet made significant progress in oil and gas exploration in the Mediterranean Sea, the resource evaluation reveals the promising potential of natural gas resources in this area.It suggests that China should strengthen international cooperation with Turkey in the acquisition and interpretation of seismic data, resource evaluation and exploration of deepwater oil and gas, and field of natural gas hydrate.