南疆焉耆盆地土壤-小麦系统硒耦合关系及生物有效性

赵禹; 白金; 刘拓; 梁楠; 王超; 杨生飞; 蒋莉

南疆焉耆盆地土壤-小麦系统硒耦合关系及生物有效性

赵禹^1,,
白金¹,
刘拓^1, ,,
梁楠¹,
王超²,
杨生飞¹,
蒋莉³

1.
中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心, 陕西西安 710054
2.
新疆地矿局第三地质大队, 新疆库尔勒 841000
3.
新疆矿产实验研究所, 新疆乌鲁木齐 830000

基金项目:

中国地质调查局项目《新疆耕地区土地质量地球化学调查》 DD20190521

新疆巴音郭楞蒙古自治州自然资源局科技成果转化项目《新疆焉耆盆地1：5万土地质量地球化学调查》 XJCYZB-KEL-2019166

详细信息

作者简介:
赵禹(1988-), 男, 硕士, 工程师, 从事环境地球化学研究。E-mail:zhaoyu01@mail.cgs.gov.cn

通讯作者:
刘拓(1964-), 男, 硕士, 教授级高级工程师, 从事应用地球化学研究。E-mail:ltuo@mail.cgs.gov.cn

中图分类号: P595;S15
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-31
- 修回日期: 2020-10-21
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-15
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-30

Se coupling relation and biological effectiveness study of the soil-wheat system in Yanqi Basin, southern Xinjiang

1.
Xi'an Center of Geological Survey, CGS, Xi'an 710054, Shaanxi, China
2.
No.3 Geological Party, Xinjiang Bureau of Exploration and Development of Mineral Resources, Korla 841000, Xinjiang, China
3.
Minerals Experimental Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, Xinjiang, China

摘要

摘要:
为研究土壤-小麦系统硒的关联性，采集南疆焉耆盆地小麦主要种植区小麦及对应根系土样品，通过相关分析、多元逐步线性回归方法，探讨土壤、小麦中Se含量及形态，查明影响小麦中硒的主要控制因素。结果表明，强有机质结合态硒（SOM-Se）和残渣态硒（Re-Se）是土壤硒的主要赋存形态，占土壤总Se含量的65.15%；土壤中硒受土壤风化程度、土壤质地和有机质含量影响明显；小麦籽粒中硒主要以有机硒形式存在，无机硒仅占全Se含量的6.39%，小麦硒的可给性高；土壤总Se含量可以很好地指示小麦Se含量水平，水溶态硒（Sol-Se）、离子交换态硒（Ex-Se）为有效硒的重要指标。基于土壤总Se、B、SOM构建的小麦硒吸收模型，可解释小麦吸收硒67%的方差。结合实际生产，给出了研究区高效富硒（含硒）小麦判别标准。据此编制富硒土壤高效利用区划图，有效地支撑了焉耆盆地富硒小麦标准化管理和面粉加工，提高了富硒土壤划定的科学性和实用性。
- 焉耆盆地 /
- 土壤-小麦 /
- 有效硒 /
- 有机硒 /
- 高效利用
Abstract:
Wheat is an important grain crop in southern Xinjiang.Samples of wheat and corresponding root soil were collected from the main planting areas of wheat in Yanqi Basin of southern Xinjiang in order to study the correlation of Se in the soil-wheat system.Correlation analysis and multiple stepwise linear regression were used to find out the main controlling factors of Se in wheat by study of the content and Se speciation in soil and wheat, and the results show that strong organic matter bound Se (SOM-Se) and residual Se (Re-Se) are the main existing forms of Se, accounting for 65.15% of total Se in soil.The content of Se in soil is highly impacted by the degree of soil weathering, soil texture and organic matter.Organic Se is the mainly form in wheat, and inorganic Se accounts for 6.39%, which shows that Se in wheat is of high availability for human beings.The total Se in soil can indicate the content of Se in wheat, and water-soluble Se (Sol-Se) and ion-exchange Se (Ex-Se) are important indexes of Se available.The regression models based on total Se, B, SOM can explain the variance of 67% of Se in wheat.The standard of high effective Se-rich (Se-containing) wheat in the study area are given in combination with the factor of actual production, and the zoning map of high-efficiency utilization of Se-enriched soil is made, which supports the standardized management of Se-enriched wheat and flour processing, and improves the scientificity and practicability of Se -enriched soil delineation.
- Yanqi Basin /
- soil-wheat /
- Se available /
- organic Se /
- high-efficiency utilization

HTML全文

致谢: 感谢中国地质大学(北京)余涛副研究员、青海省第五地质勘查院姬丙艳高级工程师和审稿专家对本文提出的宝贵意见，本文得到新疆矿产实验研究所、巴州明有食品有限公司的帮助，在此一并表示感谢。

图 1 研究区范围及采样点位置示意图

Figure 1. Sampling location of the study area

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图 2 土壤各形态Se含量组成比例

a—土壤Se形态组成；b—Sol-Se组成；c—Ex-Se组成

Figure 2. Proportion of Se speciation in the soil samples

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图 3 小麦中Se形态组成堆积柱状图

Figure 3. Accumulation histogram of selenium speciation in wheat

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 土壤Cu、Zn、SOM、CIA、sfa与Se_tot关系散点图

Figure 4. Scatter plots between soil Cu, Zn, SOM, CIA, sfa and Se_tot content

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 5 土壤pH值、SOM与Se形态关系散点图

Figure 5. Scatter plots between soil pH, SOM and Se speciation

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图 6 Sol-Se、Ex-Se及Se价态与Se_wheat含量散点图

Figure 6. Scatter plots between Sol-Se, Ex-Se, valence states of Se and Se_wheat

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 7 不同预测模型Se_wheat预测值与Se_wheat实测值含量对比图

Figure 7. Comparison between estimate value and measured value of Se_wheat using different regression models

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图 8 富硒土壤高效利用区划建议图

Figure 8. Map for high-efficiency utilization of Se-enriched soil

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表 1 土壤中Se与理化指标相关系数

Table 1 Correlation between Se and physical and chemical properties in soil

指标	Se	Sol-Se	Ex-Se	Can-Se	Hab-Se	Ox-Se	SOM-Se	Re-Se
pH	-0.161	-0.040	-0.340^**	-0.363^**	-0.155	-0.278^*	-0.095	-0.329^**
N	0.297^**	0.210	0.002	-0.037	0.270^*	0.061	0.172	0.090
P	0.119	0.137	0.091	0.042	0.134	0.164	0.057	0.089
K	0.059	0.043	0.121	0.070	0.073	-0.009	0.042	0.344^**
Cu	0.451^**	0.185	0.094	0.102	0.288^*	0.108	0.310^*	0.386^**
Zn	0.445^**	0.149	0.043	0.069	0.250^*	0.070	0.268^*	0.358^**
B	0.254^**	0.035	0.108	0.233	0.154	0.368^**	0.258^*	0.356^**
Fe	0.351^**	0.125	0.045	0.005	0.232	-0.017	0.207	0.418^**
Mn	0.273^**	-0.012	0.053	0.089	0.195	0.078	0.240	0.501^**
S	0.093	-0.092	0.052	0.196	-0.120	0.170	-0.037	0.266^*
Pb	0.223^*	0.257^*	0.141	0.027	0.279^*	-0.051	0.192	0.393^**
As	0.335^**	0.188	0.131	0.061	0.265^*	-0.022	0.203	0.506^**
Hg	0.339^**	0.385^**	0.162	0.075	0.403^**	-0.016	0.452^**	0.351^**
Cd	0.374^**	0.271^*	0.067	0.006	0.388^**	-0.016	0.256^*	0.373^**
Cr	0.419^**	0.202	0.068	-0.015	0.244^*	-0.001	0.203	0.370^**
Cl	0-.033	-0.169	0.072	0.242	-0.068	0.167	-0.067	0.173
SOM	0.545^**	0.127	-0.086	0.018	0.418^**	-0.001	0.452^**	0.099
SiO₂	-0.300^**	-0.031	0.180	0.046	-0.113	-0.056	-0.183	0.052
Al₂O₃	0.081	0.121	0.133	0.006	0.113	-0.084	0.026	0.354^**
Fe₂O₃	0.341^**	0.146	0.070	0.038	0.221	0.020	0.200	0.438^**
FeO	0.405^**	-0.022	-0.096	0.005	0.217	0.023	0.295^*	0.227
MnO	0.176^*	0.011	0.085	0.140	0.187	0.128	0.250^*	0.524^**
CaO	0.080	0.051	-0.188	-0.163	-0.008	-0.098	-0.021	-0.303^*
K₂O	0.004	0.054	0.135	0.074	0.065	-0.006	0.009	0.342^**
Na₂O	-0.412^**	-0.142	0.099	0.045	-0.295^*	-0.036	-0.331^**	-0.091
MgO	0.181^*	-0.183	-0.045	0.213	-0.001	0.373^**	0.203	0.019
P₂O₅	0.318^**	0.015	0.187	0.355^**	0.268^*	0.375^**	0.397^**	0.358^**
sfa	-0.366^**	-0.151	0.012	0.023	-0.212	0.011	-0.200	-0.341^**
CIA	0.432^**	0.193	-0.017	-0.062	0.318^**	-0.042	0.298^*	0.282^*
注：Se与理化指标相关分析样本数为128件，Se各形态与理化指标相关性分析样本数为66件；^为在0.05水平上显著相关，^*为在0.01水平上显著相关

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 小麦Se与土壤Se、Se形态及理化指标相关系数

Table 2 Correlation between Se_wheat and Se_tot, Se speciation, physical and chemical properties in soil

指标	相关系数R₁	偏相关系数R₂
pH	-0.097	0.126
N	0.091	-0.034
P	0.163	0.127
K	-0.042	-0.216
S	-0.078	-0.171
As	0.079	-0.194
Se	0.745^**	/
B	-0.100	-0.463
Pb	0.070	-0.184
Cu	-0.025	-0.389
Zn	-0.074	-0.413
SOM	-0.043	-0.382
SiO₂	0.191	0.348
Al₂O₃	0.063	-0.063
Fe₂O₃	-0.019	-0.313
FeO	-0.134	-0.422
CaO	-0.075	0.021
K₂O	-0.033	-0.190
Na₂O	0.112	0.396
MgO	-0.204	-0.407
P₂O₅	0.095	-0.284
MnO	0.026	-0.277
Sol-Se	0.609^**	0.313
Ex-Se	0.757^**	0.349
Can-Se	0.503^**	-0.217
Hab-Se	0.634^**	-0.077
Ox-Se	0.381^**	-0.252
SOM-Se	0.618^**	-0.293
Re-Se	0.643^**	0.004
^#Se⁴⁺	0.590^**	0.047
^#Se⁶⁺	0.459^*	-0.017
^#Sol-Se⁴⁺	0.756^**	0.517
^#Sol-Se⁶⁺	0.268	-0.125
^#Ex-Se⁴⁺	0.460^*	-0.182
^#Ex-Se⁶⁺	0.632^**	0.212
注：^#表示样本数为29件，其他为66件；^为在0.05水平上显著相关，^*为在0.01水平上显著相关

下载: 导出CSV

表 3 富硒小麦等级划分标准

Table 3 Standard for classification of Se-enriched wheat grades

等级说明	面粉Se含量/(mg·kg^-1)	等级说明	研究区小麦Se含量要求/(mg·kg^-1)	研究区小麦占比/%	南疆小麦Se含量平均值/(mg·kg^-1)	南疆小麦占比/%	Se保有率/%
富Se面粉	≥0.15	高效富Se小麦	≥0.25	60	0.09	40	80
含Se面粉	0.075~0.15	高效含Se小麦	0.065~0.25	60	0.09	40	80
普通面粉	＜0.075	普通小麦	＜0.065	60	0.09	40	80

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