Research on the characteristics of basement fold structure and SN-trending mineralization zone in the Yinkeng lead-zinc-silver orefield in Jiangxi
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摘要:
为了探究银坑铅锌银多金属矿田的构造特征和找矿潜力，选取区内基底复式褶皱作为研究区，开展野外调查和室内分析。揭示基底褶皱几何学和应力场特征并探讨对成矿的控制作用，重点研究褶皱作用晚期纵张断裂中的SN向交代充填石英矿脉的成矿特征。通过实测褶皱轴迹与两翼产状，分析其几何形态特征为：枢纽走向由北至南为NE→NNE→SN→NNW，翼间角范围为33°~52°，褶皱类型为紧闭陡立尖棱状褶皱。通过褶皱分析法与节理统计法，求得基底褶皱自加里东期至燕山期主应力方向变化为EW→NWW→NNW→NEE。基底地层早期受EW向挤压而形成SN向构造带与大量的SN向褶劈理带。应力场转换期间地层受到的应力由挤压向拉张转换，促进褶劈理带内形成SN向纵张裂隙，为后期NE向矿化提供空间。通过实测与观察，基底褶皱首次发现近SN向矿化石英矿脉充填于褶皱作用晚期的切层纵张和次级横张裂隙。含矿性分析显示，脉中铅、锌平均含量为0.133%和0.190%，金、银的平均含量0.127 g/t和15.33 g/t，具有较高的矿化特征。在桥子坑矿区地表和牛形坝矿区60、104和140中段新发现12条SN向矿脉，表明该区有巨大的成矿潜力。
Abstract:In order to explore the structural characteristics and prospecting potential of the Yinkeng lead-zinc-silver polymetallic orefield, the authors selected the basement folds in this area as the research area to conduct field investigation and indoor analysis and reveal the basement fold geometry and stress field characteristics. The focus was on the mineralization characteristics of SN-trending metasomatic filling quartz veins, which are developed in the longitudinal tension faults formed in the late stage of folding. Through the actual measurement of the fold axis trace and the attitudes of the two wings, the geometric characteristics were summarized as follows: the direction of the hub is NE→NNE→SN→NNW from north to south, the angle between wings ranges from 33°to 52°, and the fold type is the closed, steep and sharp prismatic fold. Through the fold analysis method and the joint statistical method, the principal stress directions of the basement folds from the Caledonian to the Yanshanian were EW→NWW→NNW→NEE. The basement strata were squeezed in the EW direction in the early stage to form an SN-trending structural belt and a large number of SN-trending fold cleavage belts. During the transition of the stress field, the stress on the formation changed from compression to tension, which promoted the formation of SN-trending longitudinal fractures in the fold cleavage zone, and provided space for later NS-trending mineralization.Through actual measurement and observation, it is the first time to discover mineralized quartz veins in nearly SN direction in the basement fold. This quartz vein filled the longitudinal and secondary transverse tension fractures in the section at the late stage of folding. Mineralization analysis shows that the quartz vein has high mineralization characteristics. The average values of lead and zinc in mineralized quartz veins are 0.133% and 0.190%, and the average values of gold and silver are 0.127 g/t and 15.33 g/t. Twelve new SN-trending veins were discovered on the surface of the Qiaozikeng mining area and the 60, 104, and 140 level of the Niuxingba mining area, indicating that this area has huge metallogenic potential.
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致谢: 在此祝贺尊敬的吕古贤研究员70华诞，感谢老师多年的教诲，衷心祝愿老师身体健康，向您为地质事业做出的卓越贡献致敬；感谢同门王殿良、韩璐、罗毅甜和袁月蕾在银坑期间的指导与帮助；感谢审稿专家提出的建设性意见和建议。
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图 1 江西银坑矿田构造位置图(a)及研究区地质简图(b)(底图据参考文献[9])
Q—第四系；K1—下白垩统；J1-2—中-下侏罗统；D3-P—上泥盆统-二叠系；Pt3-Z—青白口系-震旦系；γ5—燕山期岩浆岩；γ3—加里东期岩浆岩
Figure 1. Regional geological map of Yinkeng area, Jiangxi
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图 2 江西银坑铅锌银矿田构造简图(底图据参考文献[9])
Q—第四系；J—侏罗系；P—二叠系；Z1sb—下震旦统沙坝黄组；Qnss—青白口系上施组；Qnk—青白口系库里组
Figure 2. Structural map of the Yinkeng lead-zinc-silver orefield in Jiangxi
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图 4 银坑矿田基底褶皱几何形态及应力场分布图(地层代号注释同图 2)
Figure 4. The fold geometry and stress field distribution of the basement of the Yinkeng orefield
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图 5 桥子坑复向斜Ⅰ-1区段地层产状投影图
a—两翼地层产状赤平投影图；b—层面极点等密图与π组构图
Figure 5. Projection of stratigraphic attitude in Ⅰ-1 section of Qiaozikeng compound syncline
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图 6 桥子坑复向斜Ⅱ-1区段岩层产状投影图
a—两翼地层产状赤平投影；b—层面极点等密图与π组构图
Figure 6. Projection of stratigraphic attitude in section Ⅱ-1 of Qiaozikeng complex syncline
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图 7 桥子坑复向斜Ⅲ-1区段岩层产状投影图
a—两翼地层产状赤平投影；b—层面极点等密图与π组构图
Figure 7. Projection of stratigraphic attitude in section Ⅲ-1of Qiaozikeng complex syncline
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图 8 桥子坑复向斜Ⅳ-1区段岩层产状投影图
a—两翼地层产状赤平投影；b—层面极点等密图与π组构图
Figure 8. Projection of stratigraphic attitude in section Ⅳ-1of Qiaozikeng complex syncline
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图 9 芹子坑复向斜Ⅲ-2区段岩层产状投影图
a—两翼地层产状赤平投影；b—层面极点等密图与π组构图
Figure 9. Projection of stratigraphic attitude in section Ⅲ-2of Qinzikeng complex syncline
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图 10 银坑矿田基底褶皱应力场分布图(地层代号注释同图 2)
Figure 10. Distribution of stress field of basement folds in the Yinkeng orefield
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图 11 牛形坝矿区104中段的顺层挤压劈理、顺层和切层矿化石英脉图
Figure 11. Bedding squeezing cleavage, bedding and cutting mineralized quartz veins in 104 level of the Niuxingba mining area
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图 12 银坑矿田牛形坝矿区104中段的SN向矿化石英脉及样品分布图
Figure 12. The distribution of the NS-trending mineralized quartz veins and samples in 104 level of the Niuxingba mining area, Yinkeng orefield
表 1 桥子坑-芹子坑复式向斜构造产状及应力方向数据
Table 1 Data of attitude and stress direction of Qiaozikeng-Qinzikeng compound syncline structure
区段
编号位置 产状
数量两翼岩层的优选产状 枢纽产状 轴面产状 点应力状态 东翼 西翼 σ1 σ2 σ3 Ⅰ-1 桥子坑复向斜 13 151°∠44° 313°∠51° 32°∠6° 326°∠82° 147°∠17 ° 256°∠54 ° 39°∠37° Ⅱ-1 桥子坑复向斜 32 287°∠45° 96°∠55° 183°∠11° 104°∠84° 279°∠8°、 12°∠6 °、 135°∠74° Ⅱ-2 芹子坑复向斜 11 272°∠52° 83°∠57° 182°∠11° 271°∠85°。 101°∠12 ° 4°∠31° 216°∠41° Ⅲ-1 桥子坑复向斜 43 266°∠41° 75°∠53° 174°∠12° 261°∠86°。 92°∠18 ° 351°∠36° 208°∠44° Ⅲ-2 芹子坑复向斜 88 233°∠74° 95°∠76° 345°∠12° 252°∠86° 85°∠10 ° 337°∠36° 182°∠51° Ⅳ-1 桥子坑复向斜 50 244°∠45° 66°∠52° 155°∠6° 66°∠78° 244°∠27 ° 351°∠36 ° 117°∠38° 注：测试精度为1°，误差为5° 
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表 2 银坑矿田基底褶皱节理统计数据
Table 2 Statistical data of basement fold joints in the Yinkeng orefield
点号 位置 构造归属 地层及岩性 节理
条数共轭剪节理产状 主应力轴方向 S1 S2 σ1 σ3 1 八公排南 芹子坑复向斜南部西翼 Qnk变质凝灰质砂岩 66 101°∠79° 25°∠46° 141°∠24° 253°∠31° 2 五公坑南 芹子坑复向斜南部中部 Qnk变质砂岩 191 252°∠74° 6°∠74° 129°∠25° 220°∠1° 3 樟树坳东 芹子坑复向斜南部中部 Qnss变质沉凝灰岩 178 11°∠79° 214°∠71° 120°∠55° 21°∠6° 4 樟树坳东 芹子坑复向斜南部西翼 Qnss变质凝灰质砂岩 172 343°∠52° 28°∠71° 84°∠21° 186°∠29° 5 秀坑北东 桥子坑复向斜南部西翼 Qnk粉砂岩 163 347°∠71° 150°∠61° 233°∠69° 342°∠7° 6 茶背东 桥子坑复向斜南部西翼 Qnk砂质、粉砂质板岩 177 340°∠69° 121°∠40° 206°∠60° 324°∠14° 7 大山排东南 桥子坑复向斜南部西翼 Qnss板岩 168 313°∠77° 127°∠71° 210°∠76° 311°∠2° 8 大山西 桥子坑复向斜南部西翼 Qnss板岩 158 92°∠72° 139°∠75° 205°∠4° 295°∠16° 9 松山背东 桥子坑复向斜北部西翼 Qnk变质凝灰质粉砂岩 170 350°∠83° 203°∠54° 115°∠51° 8°∠14° 10 桥子坑东 桥子坑复向斜北部东翼 Qnk凝灰质板岩 158 186°∠76° 48°∠30° 338°∠57° 201°∠24° 注：测试精度为1°，误差为5°；表中地层代号注释同图 2
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表 3 银坑矿田桥子坑矿区SN向矿化石英脉主要成矿元素含量
Table 3 Content of main metallogenic elements in the Qiaozikeng mining area, Yinkeng orefield
10-6 元素 YK24J01 YK24J02 YK24J07 J901 Y112J03 Y112J06 地壳
丰度[30]Pb 93.60 6890.00 25.60 40.00 842.00 46.60 12.50 Zn 788.00 >10000 169.00 142.00 115.00 39.00 70.00 Ag 2.77 7.33 0.29 2.53 78.40 0.54 0.07 Au 0.02 0.28 0.02 0.05 0.41 <0.005 0.00 Cu 231.00 226.00 109.50 55.50 448.00 6.10 60.00 W 37.80 2.20 5.50 1.80 0.80 1.10 1.25 Mn 1800.00 425.00 2070.00 2930.00 4850.00 850.00 950.00 Mo 1.56 1.62 1.34 11.60 1.60 2.84 1.20 Sb 1.43 4.21 0.83 1.19 2.59 0.35 0.20 注：样品由澳实分析检测(广州)有限公司测定，Au分析方法为火试金法，其他为质谱/光谱仪
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