Petrogenesis of Triassic granites in Xiaohongshan area, Beishan orogenic belt: Constraints from zircon U-Pb ages and Hf isotopes
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摘要:
对北山造山带小红山地区三叠纪花岗斑岩锆石U-Pb年龄、锆石Hf同位素和全岩地球化学组成进行了研究。LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年结果显示，2个花岗斑岩样品的锆石206Pb/238U年龄为211.8±1.6 Ma和205.9±1.7 Ma，显示花岗斑岩的侵位时代为晚三叠世晚期。花岗斑岩具有高硅、富碱、准铝，贫钙、镁、铁的特征，属于高钾钙碱性至钾玄岩系列，分异程度较高，属高分异Ⅰ型花岗岩，富集Rb、Th、U、La、Ce等大离子亲石元素，亏损Nb、P、Ti等高场强元素和Ba、Sr，表现出低Sr，高Yb和Y的特点，并具有明显的负Eu异常。εHf（t）值较高（-1.43~9.93），Hf同位素地壳模式年龄TDMC为610~1335 Ma，指示花岗斑岩均源于具有幔源烙印的新生地壳并混有重熔的古老地壳。结合最近获得的数据及区域地质资料，提出在后造山伸展体制下，基性岩浆底侵带来的热导致新元古代—古生代新生地壳的部分熔融，并遭受了下元古界古老地壳重熔的岩浆混染，形成的岩浆经过分离结晶作用，最终在中上地壳侵位形成了晚三叠世花岗斑岩。
Abstract:In this paper, zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopes and whole rock geochemical compositions of Triassic granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area of Beishan orogenic belt were systematically studied.Zircon LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Pb dating results show that the two ages of granite-porphyry are 211.8±1.6 Ma(the confidence value is 95%, n=24, MSDW=2.4)and 205.9±1.7 Ma(the confidence value is 95%, n=23, MSDW=2.9)respectively, which intruded at the late stage of Late Triassic.The granite-porphyry in the study area is characterized by high silicon, rich alkali, quasi-aluminum, and poor calcium, magnesium, and iron.It belongs to the series of high potassium calc-alkaline to potassic basanite with high degree of differentiation.It belongs to highly differentiated Ⅰ-type granite.It is enriched in Rb, Th, U, La, Ce and other large ion lithophile elements and depleted in Nb, P, Ti, Ba and Sr. It is characterized by low Sr, high Yb and Y with obvious negative europium anomaly.The εHf(t)values range from -1.43 to 9.93, which are relatively high, and the Hf isotopic crustal model ages range from 610 Ma to 1335 Ma, indicating that the granite-porphyry was derived from the juvenile crust with mantle imprint mixed with remelting old crust. According to the data obtained in this paper and other regional geological data acquired recently, it is proposed that, under the post-orogenic extension system, the heat brought by the underplating of basic magma caused the partial melting of the juvenile crust from Neoproterozoic to Paleozoic, and suffered magma contamination of the remelting of the old crust of Lower Proterozoic.In addition, the magma was finally emplaced in the middle and upper crust after fractional crystallization, forming the the Late Triassic granite-porphyry in the study area.
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Keywords:
- Triassic /
- granites /
- post-orogenic extension /
- zircon U-Pb age /
- zircon Hf isotopes /
- Beishan orogenic belt
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致谢: 野外工作得到中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心赵泽霖、张国震和程先钰的帮助和支持，审稿专家提出了中肯的修改建议，在此一并表示感谢。
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图 1 北山造山带小红山地区地质简图
Figure 1. Geological sketch map of Xiaohongshan area in Beishan orogenic belt
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图 2 小红山地区花岗斑岩野外(a)与镜下照片(b)
Q—石英；Kf—钾长石
Figure 2. Field photo(a) and micrograph(b) of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
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图 3 小红山地区花岗斑岩锆石阴极发光(CL)图像及206Pb/238U年龄
(实线圈为U-Pb测点，虚线圈为Hf同位素测点)
Figure 3. CL images and 206Pb/238U ages of zircons for the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
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图 4 小红山地区花岗斑岩样品TW730a(a)和TW730b(b)锆石U-Pb谐和图
Figure 4. Zircons U-Pb concordia diagrams of the granite-porphyry TW730(a) and TW730b(b) in Xiaohongshan area
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图 5 小红山地区花岗斑岩主量元素图解
(a中：Q’=Q×100/(Q+Or+Ab+An), ANOR=An×100/(Or+ An))
IAG—岛弧花岗岩类；CAG—大陆弧花岗岩类；CCG—大陆碰撞花岗岩类；POG—后造山花岗岩类；RRG—与裂谷有关的花岗岩类Figure 5. Major element diagrams of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
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图 6 小红山地区花岗斑岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图(a)和微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图(b)
Figure 6. Chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns(a)and primitive mantle-normalized trace elemets spider diagrams(b)of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
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图 7 小红山地区花岗斑岩锆石206Pb/238U年龄-176Hf/177Hf(a)和206Pb/238U年龄-εHf(t)(b)图解
Figure 7. 206Pb/238U age-176Hf/177Hf(a) and 206Pb/238U age-εHf(t)(b) diagrams of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
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图 8 小红山地区花岗斑岩成因类型判别图解
Ⅰ、S、A—Ⅰ型、S型、A型花岗岩；OGT—未分异的Ⅰ、S型花岗岩区；FG—分异的Ⅰ型花岗岩区
Figure 8. Various chemical discrimination diagrams for the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
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图 9 小红山地区花岗斑岩LaN-(La/Yb)N(a)、δEu-Sr(b)、Sr-Rb(c)、Sr-Ba(d)、Zr-TiO2(e)和Ni-Cr(f)关系图及分离结晶趋势
Zr—锆石；Ap—磷灰石；Mon—独居石；Allan—褐帘石；PlAn15—斜长石(An=15)；PlAn50—斜长石(An=50)；Pl—斜长石；Kf—钾长石；Bi—黑云母；Ms—白云母；Amp—角闪石；Hb—角闪石；Grt—石榴子石；Mgt—磁铁矿；Tit—榍石；Cpx—单斜辉石
Figure 9. LaN-(La/Yb)N(a), δEu-Sr(b), Sr-Rb(c), Sr-Ba(d), Zr-TiO2(e) and Ni-Cr(f)diagrams showing the fractional crystallization trends for the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
表 1 小红山地区花岗斑岩LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素数据表
Table 1 Zircon LA-MC-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb dating result of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
样品号 含量/10-6 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Pb U 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 208Pb/232Th 1σ 232Th/238U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ TW730a 1 9 188 0.0320 0.0004 0.2261 0.0070 0.0513 0.0012 0.0161 0.0005 1.4923 0.013 202.8 2.6 207 6 255 54 2 34 907 0.0331 0.0005 0.2277 0.0076 0.0499 0.0011 0.0107 0.0002 0.8336 0.026 209.9 3.5 208 7 191 51 3 15 352 0.0342 0.0003 0.2370 0.0055 0.0503 0.0011 0.0105 0.0002 1.2178 0.003 216.6 2.2 216 5 210 51 4 46 1294 0.0340 0.0004 0.2312 0.0036 0.0493 0.0007 0.0096 0.0002 0.5697 0.003 215.4 2.2 211 3 164 31 5 25 710 0.0336 0.0004 0.2365 0.0040 0.0510 0.0008 0.0096 0.0002 0.6125 0.007 213.2 2.5 216 4 241 34 6 126 3287 0.0327 0.0004 0.2288 0.0036 0.0508 0.0007 0.0114 0.0004 0.8537 0.018 207.2 2.5 209 3 232 34 7 20 459 0.0326 0.0003 0.2320 0.0044 0.0517 0.0008 0.0167 0.0004 0.8994 0.015 206.6 2.2 212 4 270 36 8 14 413 0.0338 0.0004 0.2375 0.0046 0.0510 0.0009 0.0104 0.0002 0.4067 0.004 214.2 2.4 216 4 240 38 9 74 2012 0.0332 0.0005 0.2356 0.0036 0.0514 0.0006 0.0119 0.0002 0.6266 0.003 210.6 3.0 215 3 260 28 10 185 5542 0.0338 0.0003 0.2325 0.0031 0.0499 0.0006 0.0153 0.0003 0.2024 0.000 214.5 2.1 212 3 188 27 11 23 539 0.0325 0.0004 0.2268 0.0059 0.0506 0.0010 0.0104 0.0002 1.5112 0.026 206.1 2.7 208 5 224 44 12 30 762 0.0339 0.0004 0.2367 0.0036 0.0507 0.0007 0.0076 0.0002 1.3465 0.031 214.7 2.7 216 3 227 32 13 373 10106 0.0329 0.0004 0.2289 0.0074 0.0504 0.0013 0.0097 0.0003 0.8127 0.004 209.0 2.7 209 7 213 58 14 45 1136 0.0337 0.0004 0.2354 0.0034 0.0507 0.0006 0.0109 0.0002 0.9680 0.007 213.5 2.4 215 3 227 29 15 84 2402 0.0341 0.0004 0.2333 0.0031 0.0496 0.0006 0.0104 0.0002 0.4158 0.001 216.4 2.3 213 3 174 30 16 12 351 0.0336 0.0004 0.2358 0.0046 0.0509 0.0009 0.0104 0.0003 0.3604 0.001 213.1 2.3 215 4 235 41 17 71 1950 0.0336 0.0005 0.2362 0.0032 0.0510 0.0007 0.0175 0.0004 0.3685 0.006 212.9 2.9 215 3 241 33 18 38 1104 0.0336 0.0004 0.2387 0.0034 0.0515 0.0007 0.0102 0.0002 0.4598 0.004 213.1 2.3 217 3 264 29 19 162 4089 0.0323 0.0005 0.2222 0.0078 0.0500 0.0012 0.0297 0.0007 0.4002 0.013 204.7 3.4 204 7 193 54 20 7 203 0.0341 0.0004 0.2350 0.0108 0.0500 0.0021 0.0115 0.0003 0.5562 0.007 215.9 2.7 214 10 197 100 21 85 2321 0.0334 0.0004 0.2319 0.0047 0.0503 0.0008 0.0130 0.0003 0.5382 0.007 211.9 2.3 212 4 210 37 22 44 1262 0.0335 0.0003 0.2380 0.0033 0.0515 0.0006 0.0102 0.0002 0.4742 0.002 212.5 2.2 217 3 264 28 23 137 3624 0.0327 0.0003 0.2243 0.0031 0.0498 0.0006 0.0142 0.0003 0.6596 0.011 207.3 2.1 205 3 184 27 24 258 7808 0.0337 0.0003 0.2377 0.0032 0.0512 0.0006 0.0097 0.0002 0.2790 0.003 213.7 2.2 217 3 248 27 TW730b 1 10 254 0.0334 0.0004 0.2334 0.0104 0.0507 0.0022 0.0097 0.0005 0.8374 0.010 211.7 2.7 213 9 227 102 2 6 159 0.0335 0.0004 0.2305 0.0085 0.0499 0.0017 0.0093 0.0002 0.7434 0.006 212.4 2.4 211 8 191 81 3 25 723 0.0330 0.0003 0.2321 0.0034 0.0511 0.0007 0.0094 0.0002 0.5787 0.002 209.1 2.1 212 3 243 30 4 21 568 0.0334 0.0004 0.2301 0.0044 0.0499 0.0008 0.0103 0.0002 0.7694 0.006 211.9 2.4 210 4 191 39 5 14 408 0.0316 0.0003 0.2343 0.0067 0.0537 0.0015 0.0073 0.0002 0.9380 0.004 200.6 2.0 214 6 360 63 6 18 644 0.0236 0.0002 0.2485 0.0036 0.0763 0.0010 0.0088 0.0002 0.7061 0.008 150.5 1.5 225 3 1103 26 7 48 1377 0.0321 0.0003 0.2305 0.0034 0.0521 0.0007 0.0097 0.0002 0.6871 0.004 203.6 2.0 211 3 289 31 8 46 1104 0.0311 0.0003 0.2244 0.0034 0.0523 0.0007 0.0171 0.0004 0.9075 0.002 197.6 2.0 206 3 299 33 9 6 178 0.0330 0.0004 0.2328 0.0109 0.0512 0.0023 0.0100 0.0002 0.6029 0.009 209.1 2.4 213 10 251 106 10 15 384 0.0333 0.0008 0.2283 0.0074 0.0498 0.0011 0.0150 0.0004 0.6090 0.023 211.0 5.1 209 7 185 50 11 6 155 0.0326 0.0004 0.2314 0.0107 0.0515 0.0023 0.0109 0.0003 0.8014 0.009 206.8 2.7 211 10 263 101 12 2 64 0.0325 0.0005 0.2277 0.0216 0.0508 0.0048 0.0090 0.0003 1.0395 0.016 206.5 2.9 208 20 230 218 13 9 255 0.0326 0.0004 0.2245 0.0071 0.0500 0.0015 0.0108 0.0002 0.6784 0.003 206.7 2.3 206 6 194 69 14 9 264 0.0326 0.0003 0.2303 0.0062 0.0512 0.0013 0.0113 0.0003 0.5415 0.008 207.1 2.2 210 6 249 59 15 15 440 0.0319 0.0003 0.2224 0.0036 0.0506 0.0007 0.0115 0.0003 0.6077 0.003 202.4 2.1 204 3 221 34 16 11 307 0.0321 0.0003 0.2273 0.0046 0.0514 0.0009 0.0123 0.0003 0.6260 0.004 203.6 2.1 208 4 258 42 17 5 132 0.0319 0.0003 0.2245 0.0089 0.0511 0.0020 0.0112 0.0003 0.8566 0.003 202.4 2.1 206 8 243 91 18 6 130 0.0328 0.0004 0.2248 0.0071 0.0497 0.0015 0.0152 0.0003 0.9640 0.005 207.9 2.3 206 6 183 71 19 15 436 0.0319 0.0003 0.2252 0.0038 0.0512 0.0008 0.0115 0.0002 0.5955 0.003 202.4 2.0 206 3 250 36 20 12 319 0.0327 0.0003 0.2299 0.0048 0.0510 0.0010 0.0123 0.0003 0.6949 0.003 207.3 2.2 210 4 242 45 21 9 236 0.0326 0.0003 0.2292 0.0061 0.0510 0.0013 0.0124 0.0003 0.6929 0.003 206.7 2.1 210 6 242 59 22 22 583 0.0326 0.0003 0.2210 0.0038 0.0492 0.0008 0.0128 0.0003 0.7479 0.011 206.7 2.1 203 4 157 39 23 15 350 0.0328 0.0003 0.2276 0.0046 0.0503 0.0009 0.0101 0.0002 1.5071 0.007 208.0 2.2 208 4 210 43 24 14 386 0.0327 0.0003 0.2258 0.0051 0.0500 0.0011 0.0139 0.0004 0.6345 0.008 207.6 2.2 207 5 197 52 注：测试单位为天津地质调查中心实验室 
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表 2 小红山地区花岗斑岩主量、微量和稀土元素测试结果
Table 2 Major, trace elements and REE compositions of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
样号 YQ730.a YQ730.b YQ730.c YQ730.d YQ730.e YQ730.f YQ730.g YQ730.h SiO2 76.38 76.27 76.34 76.18 75.82 75.71 75.59 75.99 Al2O3 12.40 12.49 12.45 12.46 12.31 12.35 12.51 12.31 Fe2O3 0.36 0.46 0.49 0.64 0.67 0.72 0.62 0.85 FeO 0.57 0.39 0.49 0.42 0.62 0.55 0.67 0.46 CaO 0.70 0.66 0.67 0.69 0.76 0.82 0.66 0.68 MgO 0.14 0.11 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.18 K2O 4.76 4.94 4.49 4.86 5.33 5.42 5.44 5.38 Na2O 3.67 3.66 3.86 3.58 3.01 2.96 3.01 2.87 TiO2 0.12 0.12 0.13 0.16 0.13 0.14 0.14 0.14 P2O5 0.015 0.015 0.021 0.024 0.017 0.018 0.019 0.018 MnO 0.045 0.037 0.03 0.04 0.055 0.048 0.052 0.049 灼失量 0.78 0.80 0.83 0.75 1.07 1.07 1.06 1.03 Pb 41.2 42.1 46.7 42.4 63.2 45.4 59.8 53.3 Cr 1.68 1.22 1.45 0.87 1.37 1.32 1.13 1.65 Ni 0.81 0.41 0.69 0.44 0.5 0.63 0.49 0.58 Co 0.58 0.46 0.54 0.58 0.68 0.60 0.69 0.73 Rb 952 987 902 984 790 779 801 808 Cs 6.18 6.31 6.27 6.79 7.24 7.65 7.45 7.77 Sr 21.5 23.6 24.4 29.6 34.2 34.1 37.5 58.0 Ba 47.8 77.8 67.9 95.4 93.1 95.0 108 104 V 2.95 2.68 3.85 4.20 3.82 4.72 4.81 4.73 Sc 4.56 4.76 4.66 4.82 4.74 4.75 4.79 4.91 Nb 52.9 52.6 45.0 51.8 29.7 29.3 30.0 30.4 Ta 6.67 6.61 5.96 6.12 4.22 4.19 4.18 4.24 Zr 218 157 142 142 155 155 148 148 Hf 10.7 7.41 6.23 5.51 7.20 7.12 7.06 7.13 Ga 10.1 10.5 10.6 11.4 10.9 12.4 11.9 12.1 U 40.1 40.0 26.9 35.6 10.4 10.2 15.5 15.7 Th 75.0 58.0 51.3 54.6 57.5 54.9 58.5 63.6 La 24.5 23.0 24.4 31.2 38.3 36.5 42.1 45.0 Ce 43.0 40.0 41.6 52.1 57.8 51.7 64.4 114 Pr 6.64 6.12 6.43 8.20 8.63 8.16 9.51 10.5 Nd 24.4 22.5 23.1 29.6 28.0 26.9 31.6 34.6 Sm 5.89 5.37 5.40 6.86 5.32 5.05 5.87 6.76 Eu 0.30 0.32 0.30 0.41 0.27 0.26 0.31 0.33 Gd 5.76 5.22 5.20 6.56 5.10 4.86 5.58 6.35 Tb 1.24 1.12 1.05 1.34 0.93 0.90 1.00 1.13 Dy 8.21 7.40 6.72 8.52 5.67 5.73 6.12 6.98 Ho 1.74 1.55 1.41 1.76 1.15 1.20 1.25 1.46 Er 5.57 4.79 4.45 5.44 3.60 3.86 4.01 4.57 Tm 0.99 0.82 0.76 0.92 0.63 0.68 0.68 0.81 Yb 6.79 5.61 5.21 6.10 4.33 4.81 4.71 5.50 Lu 1.06 0.87 0.83 0.94 0.67 0.78 0.74 0.84 Y 49.6 43.9 40.7 49.0 31.4 35.2 35.9 42.1 ΣREE 186 169 168 209 192 187 214 281 LREE 105 97.3 101 128 138 129 154 211 HREE 31.4 27.4 25.6 31.6 22.1 22.8 24.1 27.6 LREE/
HREE3.34 3.55 3.95 4.06 6.26 5.63 6.38 7.64 注：测试工作由天津地质调查中心实验室完成，主量元素采用XRF测试，其中FeO采用氢氟酸、硫酸溶样、重铬酸钾滴定容量法，微量元素采用ICP-MS测试；主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6
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表 3 小红山地区花岗斑岩锆石Lu-Hf同位素数据
Table 3 Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
点号 年龄/Ma 176Yb/177Hf 176Lu/177Hf 176Hf/177Hf 2σ 176Hf/177Hfi εHf(0) εHf(t) TDM /Ma TDMC/Ma TW730a 2 210 0.0536 0.0016 0.282695 0.000021 0.282689 -2.71 1.68 801 1136 4 215 0.0818 0.0023 0.282730 0.000017 0.282721 -1.49 2.92 766 1061 5 213 0.1539 0.0041 0.282615 0.000028 0.282599 -5.54 -1.43 981 1335 7 207 0.0464 0.0015 0.282712 0.000021 0.282706 -2.12 2.21 775 1100 8 214 0.0303 0.0009 0.282718 0.000020 0.282714 -1.92 2.65 755 1077 9 211 0.0933 0.0027 0.282701 0.000015 0.282690 -2.51 1.73 818 1133 10 214 0.1344 0.0045 0.282711 0.000019 0.282693 -2.16 1.92 844 1124 12 215 0.0388 0.0013 0.282741 0.000018 0.282736 -1.09 3.45 729 1027 13 209 0.1373 0.0043 0.282940 0.000021 0.282923 5.93 9.93 485 610 14 214 0.0519 0.0017 0.282795 0.000021 0.282788 0.80 5.25 661 912 16 213 0.0364 0.0011 0.282795 0.000020 0.282791 0.81 5.34 649 906 17 213 0.0755 0.0023 0.282749 0.000018 0.282740 -0.81 3.54 738 1020 18 213 0.0575 0.0016 0.282737 0.000018 0.282731 -1.23 3.22 742 1040 21 216 0.0288 0.0010 0.282754 0.000022 0.282750 -0.65 3.96 706 996 22 212 0.0420 0.0014 0.282692 0.000015 0.282687 -2.82 1.65 800 1139 24 214 0.1892 0.0057 0.282892 0.000021 0.282869 4.24 8.14 583 728 TW730b 3 209 0.0274 0.0009 0.282722 0.000020 0.282718 -1.77 2.69 750 1071 7 204 0.0458 0.0013 0.282711 0.000017 0.282706 -2.17 2.13 774 1103 11 207 0.0459 0.0013 0.282704 0.000022 0.282699 -2.40 1.96 782 1115 12 206 0.0539 0.0018 0.282736 0.000023 0.282729 -1.28 3.00 748 1049 13 207 0.0247 0.0007 0.282801 0.000021 0.282798 1.01 5.45 635 894 14 207 0.0244 0.0008 0.282690 0.000019 0.282687 -2.91 1.53 791 1143 15 202 0.0487 0.0015 0.282724 0.000017 0.282719 -1.69 2.56 757 1074 16 204 0.0391 0.0013 0.282646 0.000017 0.282641 -4.44 -0.15 866 1247 17 202 0.0305 0.0009 0.282693 0.000019 0.282689 -2.80 1.53 790 1140 18 208 0.0402 0.0012 0.282736 0.000018 0.282731 -1.29 3.11 737 1044 19 202 0.0479 0.0014 0.282753 0.000018 0.282748 -0.66 3.60 714 1008 20 207 0.0280 0.0009 0.282756 0.000019 0.282753 -0.56 3.87 701 995 21 207 0.0300 0.0009 0.282699 0.000021 0.282695 -2.58 1.83 782 1124 22 207 0.0434 0.0014 0.282773 0.000015 0.282767 0.02 4.37 686 962 23 208 0.0599 0.0017 0.282754 0.000022 0.282747 -0.65 3.69 720 1007 24 208 0.0348 0.0010 0.282700 0.000018 0.282696 -2.56 1.86 782 1123 注：测试单位为天津地质调查中心实验室，该表中点号与表 1对应
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表 4 小红山地区花岗斑岩锆石饱和温度测试结果
Table 4 Result from saturated Zr thermometer of the granite-porphyry in Xiaohongshan area
样品 Zr/10-6 M Tzr/℃ YQ730.a 218 1.4 819 YQ730.b 157 1.4 789 YQ730.c 142 1.4 782 YQ730.d 142 1.4 782 YQ730.e 155 1.4 791 YQ730.f 155 1.4 790 YQ730.g 148 1.3 789 YQ730.h 148 1.3 790 注:TZr = 129000 /[2.95 + 0.85M + ln(469000 /Zrsample)]，M为岩石中阳离子的比值, M =(Na + K + 2Ca)/(Al × Si)
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