Abstract: The contradiction between the economic and social development and the restriction of resources and environment in China is becoming more and more prominent.It is an inevitable trend of mineral exploration to go deep and ask for resources in the depth.On the basis of discussing the importance and necessity of deep prospecting, this paper expounds the concept of deep prospecting, summarizes the present situation of deep prospecting, combs the difficulties of deep prospecting, and puts forward the thinking and method of deep prospecting:the problem of studying deep prospecting from the essence of mineralization, the study of metallogenic geological bodies to determine the prospecting direction, the study of metallogenic structure and metallogenic structure surface to predict the location of orebodies, the study of metallogenic characteristics to provide prediction basis, comprehensive geology, geophysical exploration, chemical exploration, drilling methods to detect deep orebodies.Indirect ore prospecting is the main method, while direct ore prospecting is the auxiliary method.Some suggestions are put forward to strengthen the deep prospecting work, such as giving full play to the role of theoretical guidance, innovating, developing and promoting the deep prospecting technology suitable for Chinese characteristics, and making full use of modern information technology such as big data.