Abstract: Based on an analysis of the characteristics of geological environment in Anhui Province, the authors selected eight geological environment factors to establish the evaluation index system of geological environment, calculated the weight of each environmental factor by using analytic hierarchy process, and carried out the comprehensive evaluation of the carrying capacity of geological environment.The results show that the carrying capacity of the geological environment in Anhui Province is generally strong. Only some concentrated mining areas such as the Dabie Mountain area, Huangslian City, and Chizhou City-Tongling City-Wuhu City have weak bearing capacity.These areas account for 4.78% of the whole region. According to the bearing capacity characteristics of geological environment in Anhui Province, some suggestions are put forward for carrying out geological environment protection in Dabie Mountain area and southern mountains area in Anhui and repairing the groundwater overdraft area in Anhui Province, with the purpose of providing scientific reference for the development of land space.