Chronology and geochemical characteristics of quartz diorite in Gegen' aobao, Dong Ujimqin Banner, Inner Mongolia, and its geological significance
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摘要:
内蒙古东乌旗地区新近发现的葛根敖包铅锌矿，成矿与赋矿岩体石英闪长岩关系密切，对石英闪长岩进行系统的LAICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年及锆石Hf同位素分析，并对石英闪长岩进行主量、微量和稀土元素分析。锆石U-Pb定年结果显示，石英闪长岩2个样品的锆石U-Pb年龄分别为299±1Ma和301±1Ma，均为晚石炭世。岩石主量、微量及稀土元素分析显示，石英闪长岩具有典型的富硅、富碱特征，Na2O/K2O值为1.14~1.93，平均1.39，明显富钠高钾，属高钾钙碱性系列；铝饱和指数A/CNK值为0.79~0.95，为准铝质或铝不饱和花岗岩类；轻、重稀土元素分馏显著，球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式表现为明显的右倾，显示岩浆源区可能有石榴子石残留；并有微弱负Eu异常，δEu=0.80~0.91，δCe=0.89~0.96，均靠近1，指示源区无斜长石残留；同时具低Sr、高Yb特征；并指示高场强元素U、La、Nd、Zr相对富集，而Th、Nb、Sr、P、Ti相对亏损，且大离子亲石元素Rb、Ba、K相对富集，Nb/Ta值低，指示岩浆源区可能为幔源为主。锆石Hf同位素分析显示，εHf(t)值全部为正值，+10.8~+13.6（全部大于10，较高），TDM2介于440~629Ma之间，相对集中，明显大于其锆石U-Pb年龄，其年轻的TDM2年龄和较高的εHf(t)值表明，岩浆中有相当大的幔源物质的贡献。结合区域构造演化，认为葛根敖包石英闪长岩岩浆源区可能为亏损地幔物质部分熔融并在上升过程中受到少量壳源物质的混染，为活动陆缘弧环境的产物。
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关键词:
- 内蒙古东乌旗 /
- 葛根敖包 /
- LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄 /
- 地球化学 /
- Hf同位素
Abstract:The newly found Gegen'aobao lead-zinc deposit is within the quartz diorite. Because the exploration is insufficient, the metal resources are unclear. As a newly found deposit, there is no previous research data, and hence systematic isotope dating must be done to determine the age of metallogenesis for the deposit. The U-Pb dating shows that the quartz diorite has the ages of 299±1~301±1Ma. Major element geochemistry shows that the quartz diorite is characterized by high SiO2 and K2O, whereas trace element geochemistry shows that the quartz diorite is a "right-inclined" shape in the chondrite-normalized REE patterns. The rocks are rich in large ion lithophile elements (K, Rb, Ba) and LREEs and depleted in high field strength elements (Th, Nb, Sr, P, Ti) and HREE, with the loss of high field strength elements (HFSEs) such as Th, Nb, P and Ti. The quartz diorite is of high-K calc-alkaline series and has a little negative Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu*=0.80~0.91), with low A/CNK (0.79~0.95). These characteristics shows that the Gegenaobao quartz diorite is mantle source granite. The in situ zircon Hf isotopic data are in agreement with U-Pb age data of zircon grains, and the 176Hf/177Hf isotopic ratio of the quartz diorite is 0.282906~0.282984, with εHf(t) values >0, indicating that the source region of the quartz diorite magma was depleted mantle or newly created lower continental crust beneath the study area. Based on geochemistry, isotopes and regional tectonic evolution history, the authors hold that the quartz diorite was derived from a depleted mantle, which was probably related to an active continental margin arc environment.
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Keywords:
- Gegen'aobao, Inner Mongolia /
- LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age /
- geochemistry /
- Hf isotope
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致谢: 野外工作得到内蒙古盛旺矿业股份有限公司全体员工的大力支持，样品测试分析环节先后得到中国冶金地质总局第一地质勘查院测试中心、中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所国家重点实验室等相关单位和个人的大力支持与帮助，在此一并表示诚挚的感谢。
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图 1 区域构造位置(a)和研究区与成矿带位置关系图(b)
Figure 1. The tectonic location (a) and relationship of the study area with the metallogenic belt in China (b)
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图版Ⅰ
a.钻孔内细脉状闪锌矿化；b.网脉状闪锌矿化；c.黄铁矿团块状与闪锌矿共生；d.黄铁矿浸染状与石英脉共生；e.以方铅矿为主的矿化；f.黄铁矿团块状细脉状与闪锌矿共生
图版Ⅰ.
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图 4 Cross section along No. 3 exploration line
Figure 4. Cathodoluminescence images of representative zircons from the quartz diorite at Gegen'aobao
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图 5 葛根敖包石英闪长岩锆石U-Pb谐和图
Figure 5. Zircon U–Pb concordia diagrams for the quartz diorite at Gegen'aobao
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图 6 葛根敖包矿区石英闪长岩SiO2-K2O(a)和A/CNK-A/NK关系图(b)
Figure 6. SiO2-K2O(a) and A/CNK-A/NK (b) plots for the quartz diorite at the Gegen'aobao deposit
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图 7 葛根敖包矿区石英闪长岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分曲线(a)和微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图(b)
Figure 7. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns (a) and primitive mantle-normalized spider diagram (b) for the quartz diorite at the Gegen'aobao deposit
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图 8 葛根敖包矿区U-Pb年龄t-εHf(t)(a)和U-Pb年龄t-176Hf/177Hf（b）对应关系
Figure 8. U-Pb age (t) versus t-εHf(t) diagram (a) and U-Pb age (t) versus 176Hf/177Hf (b) at the Gegen'aobao deposit
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图 9 葛根敖包矿区石英闪长岩微量元素构造环境判别图
VAG—火山弧花岗岩；ORG—洋脊花岗岩；WPG—板内花岗岩；syn-COLG—同碰撞花岗岩
Figure 9. Tectonic discrimination diagrams of the quartz diorite from the Gegen'aobao deposit
表 1 内蒙古达亚纳石英闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb测试数据
Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb isotopic data for the quartz diorite at Dayana, Inner Mongolia
样品-测试点号 Th/ U/ Th/U 207PB/235U 207PB/235U 206PB/238U 206PB/238U 206PB/238U 206PB/238U 10-6 10-6 比值 1σ 比值 1σ 年龄/Ma 1σ ZKI3 ZK13-1973.1810.61.200.41000.01060.03750.00042372ZK13-2 208.8 165.8 1.26 0.3433 0.0119 0.0485 0.0005 306 3 ZK13-3 188.2 135.8 1.39 0.3365 0.0125 0.0486 0.0005 306 3 ZK13-41101.8459.82.400.46940.02560.05070.00103196ZK13-5 373.8 659.1 0.57 0.3378 0.0075 0.0474 0.0003 298 2 ZK13-6 644.2 391.6 1.64 0.3378 0.0083 0.0485 0.0004 305 2 ZKI3-7 467.7 245.1 1.91 0.3525 0.0105 0.0473 0.0004 298 3 ZK13-8196.3170.51.150.63620.03540.04730.00092986ZK13-9 1054.7 602.3 1.75 0.3432 0.0071 0.0474 0.0003 298 2 ZK13-10 1303.2 744.1 1.75 0.3395 0.0077 0.0475 0.0004 299 2 ZK13-113030.8927.63.272.58130.07620.06710.00094195ZK13-12714.8331.72.150.65900.01980.05220.00063284ZK13-13 457.1 602.0 0.76 0.3480 0.0068 0.0477 0.0004 300 2 ZK13-14 1407.2 584.2 2.41 0.3459 0.00X2 0.0483 0.0005 304 3 ZK13-15 885.2 781.4 1.13 0.3348 0.0064 0.0477 0.0004 301 3 ZK13-I6 699.9 422.9 1.65 0.3362 0.0077 0.Q480 0.0005 302 3 ZK13-17332.2145.92.280.52280.03380.05020.00113166ZK13-18 97.7 89.6 1.09 0.3709 0.0303 0.0488 0.0013 307 8 ZK13-19 303.7 294.8 1.03 0.3578 0.0107 0.0488 0.0006 307 3 ZK13-20 1313.4 626.1 2.10 0.3603 0.0077 0.0486 0.0005 306 3 ZK400 ZK400-1 108.9 83.3 1.31 0.3648 0.0233 0.0483 0.0009 304 6 ZK400-2 124.1 70.5 1.76 0.3593 0.0526 0.0473 0.0027 298 16 ZK400-3 133.3 121.3 1.10 0.3476 0.0107 0.0466 0.0004 293 2 ZK400-4 220.7 105.9 2.08 0.3548 0.0343 0.0487 0.0014 307 9 ZK400-5 83.2 70.4 1.18 0.3488 0.0239 0.0476 O.OOOS 300 5 ZK400-689.8390.50.233.18300.03880.21260.001812439ZK400-7101.9341.20.301.42390.01700.14950.00098985ZK400-8 152.5 152.6 1.00 0.3370 0.0116 0.0480 0.0007 302 4 ZK400-942.9234.50.181.55370.02860.14420.00118686ZK400-10 190.2 104.9 1.81 0.3315 0.0117 0.0468 0.0005 295 3 ZK400-1145.227.91.620.39460.06500.04440.001928011ZK400-12 65.8 48.3 1.36 0.3567 0.0177 0.0469 0.0007 296 4 ZK400-13 228.5 192.4 1.19 0.3476 0.0091 0.0476 0.0004 300 3 ZK400-14 137.4 103.2 1.33 0.3473 0.0119 0.0478 0.0005 301 3 ZK400-15 133.4 150.3 0.89 0.3533 0.0119 0.0482 0.0005 303 3 ZK400-16 98.8 57.6 1.72 0.3547 0.0199 0.0471 0.0008 297 5 ZK400-17435.5200.42.171.04750.02370.04870.00053063ZK400-18 158.0 78.7 2.01 0.3382 0.0131 0.0476 0.0005 300 3 ZK400-19 191.3 93.4 2.05 0.3405 0.0192 0.0478 0.0008 301 5 ZK400-20 448.0 337.3 1.33 0.3383 0.0112 0.0471 0.0005 297 3 注：带删除线数据表示测试数据有问题，不可利用 
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表 2 葛根敖包石英闪长岩主量、微量和稀土元素分析数据
Table 2 Major, trace elements and REE composition of the quartz diorite at the Gegen'aobao
元素 GGAB-ZK301-243 GGAB-ZK301-332 GGAB-ZK001-400 GGAB-ZK001-177 GGAB-ZK001-13 GGAB-ZK008-205 GGAB-ZK008-210 GGAB-ZK008-394 SiO2 65.01 64.95 64.37 65.84 60.13 64.43 64.62 63.15 Al2O3 15.93 15.81 16.14 16.11 15.30 15.85 15.24 15.80 Fe2O3 1.47 1.05 1.16 1.18 2.18 1.29 1.21 1.62 CaO 2.74 3.11 3.22 2.67 5.37 3.78 3.85 3.39 MgO 1.39 1.36 1.22 1.09 2.07 1.55 1.46 1.67 K2O 3.88 2.77 3.88 3.80 3.19 3.13 3.10 3.24 Na2O 4.62 5.34 4.43 4.91 3.71 4.45 4.86 4.64 MnO 0.13 0.14 0.15 0.12 0.26 0.13 0.21 0.34 P2O5 0.24 0.28 0.27 0.22 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.27 TiO2 0.99 1.03 0.98 0.94 1.05 0.93 0.95 0.95 FeO 3.22 3.10 3.52 3.10 4.23 3.81 3.81 3.46 烧失量 1.00 1.63 1.14 0.73 2.38 0.99 0.35 1.45 总计 100.61 100.57 100.46 100.71 100.14 100.60 99.92 99.97 A/CNK 0.95 0.91 0.93 0.95 0.79 0.90 0.83 0.91 Na2O+K2O 8.49 8.11 8.30 8.71 6.90 7.58 7.96 7.88 N2O/K2O 1.19 1.93 1.14 1.29 1.16 1.42 1.57 1.43 La 20.31 15.71 19.53 18.95 20.87 24.56 22.17 27.54 Ce 51.09 41.67 47.51 49.62 45.77 54.30 49.27 57.47 Pr 8.74 7.17 8.03 8.66 7.53 8.42 7.87 8.64 Nd 36.49 31.19 33.44 36.26 29.89 34.10 32.06 33.54 Sm 8.31 7.38 7.64 8.18 6.76 7.24 7.10 7.13 Eu 2.25 2.17 2.13 2.08 1.87 1.97 1.90 2.00 Gd 8.21 6.91 7.03 7.50 6.19 6.90 6.53 6.71 Tb 1.21 1.07 1.07 1.18 0.98 1.07 1.02 0.98 Dy 6.98 5.98 6.40 6.74 5.50 5.99 5.64 5.61 Ho 1.35 1.21 1.21 1.36 1.10 1.19 1.12 1.11 Er 3.88 3.44 3.44 3.89 3.07 3.27 3.19 3.00 Tm 0.57 0.50 0.55 0.59 0.46 0.50 0.47 0.45 Yb 3.65 3.23 3.37 3.86 3.09 3.23 3.14 3.04 Lu 0.54 0.45 0.50 0.57 0.44 0.50 0.46 0.46 SREE 153.58 128.06 141.85 149.42 133.52 153.23 141.94 157.68 LREE 127.19 105.28 118.27 123.74 112.69 130.59 120.36 136.33 HREE 26.38 22.78 23.58 25.68 20.83 22.64 21.57 21.35 LREE/HREE 4.82 4.62 5.02 4.82 5.41 5.77 5.58 6.38 LaN/YbN 3.99 3.49 4.15 3.52 4.85 5.46 5.07 6.51 δEu 0.82 0.91 0.87 0.80 0.87 0.84 0.84 0.87 δCe 0.94 0.96 0.93 0.95 0.89 0.92 0.91 0.91 Li 10.3 17.0 11.1 16.2 14.8 17.4 10.7 15.1 Be 2.61 1.77 2.04 2.67 1.47 1.89 1.94 1.95 V 64.93 69.24 69.13 62.65 127.80 83.89 77.59 76.44 Cr 26.01 18.07 22.87 19.09 22.13 16.92 17.19 16.09 Co 5.01 5.09 4.92 4.10 10.0 7.70 5.83 7.86 Ni 11.85 2.28 1.79 1.73 5.28 2.51 2.38 3.26 Cu 9.68 14.1 35.2 8.40 31.1 9.73 13.5 15.0 Zn 49.67 70.33 115.90 77.70 171.10 63.98 68.49 66.88 Ga 19.73 18.76 18.75 18.87 19.92 18.68 18.94 18.63 Rb 77.65 55.95 86.50 83.34 67.68 66.27 60.49 67.22 Sr 404.80 368.30 288.60 393.30 432.10 461.20 435.20 490.80 Y 29.14 25.46 25.84 28.74 23.08 25.51 24.13 24.22 Zr 247.70 232.08 238.77 263.69 150.60 216.58 202.76 208.08 Nb 14.01 12.73 11.26 13.52 9.72 10.88 10.97 11.01 Cs 2.25 1.96 1.65 7.92 2.21 6.83 9.78 2.54 Hf 5.31 4.91 4.98 7.00 4.43 5.55 5.28 4.78 Ba 977.70 806.50 773.10 978.30 620.30 747.40 765.00 873.80 Ta 1.11 0.90 0.82 0.92 0.74 0.74 0.76 0.81 Pb 12.27 12.48 40.01 16.87 60.56 10.11 14.95 14.04 Th 9.57 7.85 8.16 9.18 6.42 7.01 6.82 7.01 U 2.95 2.33 2.65 3.13 2.19 2.53 2.38 2.30 Nb/Ta 12.62 14.11 13.71 14.66 13.19 14.72 14.49 13.64 Rb/Sr 0.19 0.15 0.30 0.21 0.16 0.14 0.14 0.14 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6
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表 3 葛根敖包石英闪长岩锆石Hf同位素分析数据
Table 3 Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic results for the quartz diorite at the Gegen'aobao deposit
测点号 t/Ma 176Yb/177Hf 176Lu/177Hf 176Hf/177Hf 2σ εHf(0) εHf(t) TdM1 TdM2 fu-Hf ZK13-02 306 0.057253 0.001956 0.282948 0.000018 6.2 12.6 442 517 -0.94 ZK13-03 306 0.050751 0.001746 0.282940 0.000018 5.9 12.3 451 533 -0.95 ZK13-05 298 0.070979 0.002803 0.282949 0.000022 6.3 12.3 451 530 -0.92 ZK13-06 305 0.088795 0.003118 0.282906 0.000020 4.7 10.8 520 629 -0.91 ZK13-07 298 0.134357 0.004649 0.282922 0.000024 5.3 10.9 519 616 -0.86 ZK13-09 298 0.094177 0.003372 0.282925 0.000025 5.4 11.3 495 593 -0.90 ZK13-10 299 0.086160 0.003107 0.282935 0.000018 5.7 11.7 477 567 -0.91 ZK13-13 300 0.050320 0.002030 0.282939 0.000018 5.9 12.1 456 542 -0.94 ZK13-14 304 0.055622 0.002038 0.282960 0.000017 6.6 12.9 425 493 -0.94 ZK13-15 301 0.035758 0.001459 0.282914 0.000013 5.0 11.3 485 592 -0.96 ZK13-16 302 0.037999 0.001492 0.282942 0.000015 6.0 12.4 445 528 -0.96 ZK13-18 307 0.072069 0.002644 0.282946 0.000020 6.1 12.4 454 531 -0.92 ZK13-19 307 0.063193 0.002407 0.282916 0.000017 5.1 11.4 495 596 -0.93 ZK13-20 306 0.035327 0.001413 0.282925 0.000013 5.4 11.8 469 564 -0.96 ZK400-01 304 0.034900 0.001294 0.282961 0.000019 6.7 13.1 415 480 -0.96 ZK400-02 298 0.048393 0.001648 0.282920 0.000021 5.2 11.5 478 581 -0.95 ZK400-03 293 0.029959 0.001137 0.282960 0.000019 6.7 12.9 415 487 -0.97 ZK400-04 307 0.037745 0.001360 0.282906 0.000021 4.7 11.2 495 605 -0.96 ZK400-05 300 0.031210 0.001135 0.282907 0.000016 4.8 11.1 491 604 -0.97 ZK400-08 302 0.035079 0.001330 0.282914 0.000016 5.0 11.4 483 589 -0.96 ZK400-10 295 0.038373 0.001500 0.282961 0.000018 6.7 12.9 418 489 -0.95 ZK400-12 296 0.055173 0.002088 0.282985 0.000017 7.5 13.6 389 440 -0.94 ZK400-13 300 0.067177 0.002427 0.282955 0.000017 6.5 12.6 437 511 -0.93 ZK400-14 301 0.048535 0.001808 0.282961 0.000017 6.7 12.9 421 489 -0.95 ZK400-16 297 0.071620 0.002692 0.282984 0.000022 7.5 13.5 398 451 -0.92 ZK400-18 300 0.058848 0.002119 0.282945 0.000020 6.1 12.3 448 530 -0.94 ZK400-19 301 0.053619 0.001883 0.282936 0.000018 5.8 12.0 459 548 -0.94 ZK400-20 297 0.065200 0.002324 0.282922 0.000019 5.3 11.4 485 587 -0.93
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