The Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks in Engeriyinpeng area of Sonid Left Banner, Inner Mongolia: Discovery and its tectonic significance
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摘要:
在内蒙古苏尼特左旗恩格日音棚地区新发现一套英安岩、流纹岩及对应的火山碎屑岩组合，测得英安岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为333.0±1.4Ma，为早石炭世中期，代表宝力高庙组火山岩的初始喷发年龄。其中多数样品具钙碱性系列特征，在TAS图解中，分别落入流纹岩区和粗面岩-英安岩区；所有样品具相似的微量、稀土元素特征，稀土元素总量中等（∑REE=110.6×10-6~273.3×10-6），轻、重稀土元素分馏明显（（La/Yb）N=2.39~5.31），具较弱的负Eu异常（δEu=0.48~0.65）。微量元素以富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Th，亏损高场强元素P、Ti、Nb、Ta为特征，显示岩浆来源为地壳物质的部分熔融，形成于俯冲构造环境。通过区域对比，早石炭世火山岩与贺根山蛇绿岩带北侧二连—东乌旗一带的早石炭世二长花岗岩、石英闪长岩、花岗闪长岩等共同构成了早石炭世与板块俯冲有关的岩浆弧。早石炭世贺根山洋盆开始向北俯冲进入消减阶段。
Abstract:This paper reports newly discovered Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks in Engeriyinpeng area of Sonid Left Banner, Inner Mongolia.LA-ICP-MS U-Pb zircon dating shows that the volcanic rocks has an age of 333.0 ±1.4Ma, which suggests that Baoligaomiao Formation was erupted in Early Carboniferous. Geochemical analysis shows that most of the samples are characterized by calc-alkaline rock series. All the acidic volcanic rocks fall into rhyolite area, two of the neutral volcanic rocks fall into trachyte area, other samples fall into dacite area, and all samples are characterized by alkaline rock series in the TAS diagram. All samples have similar characteristics of REE patterns which are characterized by medium total REE content (∑REE=110.6×10-6~273.3×10-6), significant fractionation of HREE and LREE (La/Yb)N=2.39~5.31) and relatively strong negative Eu anomalies (δEu=0.48~0.65). The trace element geochemistry is characterized evidently by enrichment of LILE (Rb and Th), and strong depletion of HFSE (P, Ti, Nb and Ta). The ratios of Rb/Sr (0.50~6.64), Ti/Y (6.82~85.21) and Ti/Zr (2.27~19.71) all fall into the field of the earth's crust source. These characteristics indicate that the volcanic rocks might have originated from partial melting of the earth's crust, and they were formed in a subduction-related settings. Combined with the regional researching results and the previous research results, the authors hold that the Carboniferous volcanic rocks, together with other Early Carboniferous arc-related felsic magmatic rocks in the Erlianhot-Dongwu Banner region, constitute the magmatic arc caused by the northward subduction of Hegenshan Ocean.
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致谢: 感谢审稿专家及中国地质调查局发展研究中心张明超博士对本文提出的宝贵修改意见和建议，感谢天津地质调查中心实验测试室及耿建珍老师等工作人员对锆石U-Pb同位素年龄测试提供的支持。
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图 1 内蒙古苏尼特左旗恩格日音棚地区大地构造位置（a，据参考文献[8]修改）和区域地质简图(b)
1—正断层；2—地层及岩体侵入界线；3—角度不整合界线；4—产状；5—采样位置及样品号；6—实测剖面位置；7—研究区位置；Q—第四系洪冲积物；C1bl—上石炭统宝力高庙组；D1-2n2—中下泥盆统泥鳅河组；ξγxC1—早石炭世细粒正长花岗岩；ηγx C1—早石炭世二长花岗岩
Figure 1. Tectonic location map (a) and geological sketch map (b) of the Engeriyinpeng area in Inner Mongolia
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图 2 早石炭世火山岩野外（a、c）及显微（b、d）照片
a —英安岩样品；b—英安岩样品（正交偏光）；c—流纹岩样品；d —流纹岩样品（正交偏光）。Qtz—石英；Pl—斜长石；Hbl—角闪石；Kfs—钾长石
Figure 2. Petrographic characteristics of the Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks
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图 3 英安岩（TW-1）锆石阴极发光(CL)图像及LA-ICP-MS测点位置
Figure 3. CL images and dating spots for zircons from dacite (TW-1)
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图 4 英安岩样品（TW-1）锆石U-Pb谐和图及分布直方图
Figure 4. U-Pb concordia diagram and 206Pb/238U age plot of zircon from the dacite (TW-1) measured by LA-ICP-MS
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图 5 早石炭世火山岩TAS图解（底图据参考文献[44]）
Figure 5. TAS diagram of Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks
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图 7 早石炭世火山岩球粒陨石标准化稀土元素图解（a）和微量元素蛛网图（b）（标准化值据参考文献[46]）
Figure 7. Chondrite-normalized REE (a) and primary mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams (b) for Early Carboniferous volcanic rocks
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图 9 花岗岩类判别图（底图据参考文献[53]）
A—A型花岗岩；I—I型花岗岩；S—S型花岗岩；M—M型花岗岩
Figure 9. Classification diagrams of granitoid
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图 10 早石炭世火山岩构造环境判别图[68]
Syn-COLG—同碰撞花岗岩；WPG—板内花岗岩；VAG—火山弧花岗岩；ORG—洋脊花岗岩
Figure 10. Tectonic discrimination diagrams of the volcanic rocks
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图 11 早石炭世中期区域构造模式[67]
Figure 11. The regional tectonic pattern of Early Middle Carboniferous
表 1 早石炭世英安岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素数据
Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb data of dacite from early Carboniferous volcanic rocks
样品测点 含量/10-6 同位素比值 年龄/Ma Pb U Th 232Th/238U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 208Pb/232Th 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1.1 42 755 281 0.3821 0.0013 0.0533 0.0002 0.4212 0.0060 0.0573 0.0008 0.022 0.0007 335 3 2.1 26 470 229 0.5004 0.0005 0.0534 0.0002 0.3940 0.0082 0.0535 0.0011 0.0161 0.0005 335 3 3.1 61 1113 440 0.4057 0.0016 0.0528 0.0002 0.4008 0.0051 0.0550 0.0007 0.0178 0.0005 332 3 4.1 51 1075 515 0.4920 0.0007 0.0439 0.0002 0.4023 0.0052 0.0665 0.0008 0.0161 0.0005 277 2 5.1 80 1151 853 0.7604 0.0021 0.0522 0.0002 0.4009 0.0062 0.0557 0.0008 0.0326 0.0010 328 3 6.1 48 899 459 0.5239 0.0008 0.0534 0.0002 0.3918 0.0056 0.0532 0.0007 0.0100 0.0003 336 3 7.1 31 532 416 0.8037 0.0036 0.0537 0.0002 0.4047 0.0076 0.0547 0.0010 0.0120 0.0005 337 3 8.1 24 436 257 0.6036 0.0007 0.0533 0.0002 0.3895 0.0091 0.0530 0.0012 0.0107 0.0005 335 3 9.1 35 654 327 0.5128 0.0035 0.0534 0.0002 0.4039 0.0095 0.0549 0.0013 0.0112 0.0005 335 3 10.1 8 148 53 0.3647 0.0010 0.0523 0.0002 0.3973 0.0216 0.0551 0.0030 0.0126 0.0007 329 4 11.1 47 885 429 0.4969 0.0009 0.0538 0.0002 0.4006 0.0086 0.0540 0.0011 0.0100 0.0004 338 3 12.1 49 856 561 0.6728 0.0010 0.0531 0.0002 0.3727 0.0061 0.0509 0.0008 0.0160 0.0005 334 3 13.1 34 612 351 0.5879 0.0035 0.0531 0.0002 0.3504 0.0076 0.0478 0.0010 0.0146 0.0004 334 3 14.1 56 1017 477 0.4812 0.0010 0.0530 0.0002 0.3591 0.0061 0.0491 0.0009 0.0174 0.0005 333 3 15.1 75 1135 724 0.6542 0.0015 0.0527 0.0002 0.3603 0.0056 0.0496 0.0007 0.0320 0.0009 331 3 16.1 30 548 275 0.5147 0.0004 0.0530 0.0002 0.3610 0.0073 0.0494 0.0009 0.0143 0.0004 333 3 17.1 45 757 385 0.5209 0.0016 0.0534 0.0002 0.3670 0.0051 0.0499 0.0006 0.0246 0.0007 335 3 18.1 24 472 205 0.4448 0.0004 0.0514 0.0002 0.3706 0.0215 0.0522 0.0030 0.0128 0.0004 323 3 19.1 30 565 269 0.4876 0.0003 0.0527 0.0002 0.3703 0.0078 0.0510 0.0011 0.0138 0.0003 331 3 20.1 20 404 186 0.4724 0.0009 0.0471 0.0002 0.3914 0.0103 0.0603 0.0016 0.0130 0.0003 297 2 21.1 26 463 250 0.5543 0.0011 0.0533 0.0002 0.4105 0.0134 0.0559 0.0017 0.0150 0.0004 335 3 22.1 21 372 259 0.7136 0.0016 0.0528 0.0002 0.4016 0.0094 0.0552 0.0013 0.0121 0.0003 332 3 23.1 36 623 295 0.4858 0.0026 0.0529 0.0002 0.3931 0.0071 0.0539 0.0009 0.0206 0.0005 332 3 24.1 34 611 266 0.4472 0.0012 0.0527 0.0002 0.3905 0.0087 0.0537 0.0011 0.0192 0.0005 331 3 25.1 62 1011 653 0.6625 0.0037 0.0495 0.0002 0.4033 0.0049 0.0591 0.0007 0.0271 0.0008 311 3 26.1 150 2266 1312 0.5938 0.0007 0.0410 0.0007 1.7343 0.0197 0.3069 0.0034 0.0384 0.0012 259 2 
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表 2 早石炭世火山岩地球化学分析结果
Table 2 Geochemical composition of early Carboniferous volcanic rocks
样品号 TW-1 TW-2 TW-3 TW-4 TW-5 TW-6 TW-7 TW-8 TW-9 TW-10 TW-11 TW-12 SiO2 66.79 73.76 75.34 64.18 65.73 74.33 73.22 73.10 71.57 63.36 77.22 75.58 Al2O3 15.23 12.57 12.82 16.03 14.75 12.70 12.86 13.25 14.05 14.34 11.85 12.25 Fe2O3 1.37 1.38 1.14 1.59 1.80 1.72 1.89 1.46 2.33 4.20 1.46 1.14 FeO 1.95 0.75 0.56 2.07 1.95 0.44 0.44 0.68 0.20 2.58 0.60 1.59 CaO 2.57 2.05 0.89 2.12 1.97 0.91 1.64 1.40 0.65 1.84 0.23 0.13 MgO 0.95 0.40 0.25 1.90 2.62 0.43 0.37 0.49 0.54 1.75 0.27 0.082 Na2O 5.06 4.37 4.05 5.06 4.60 4.58 3.96 4.53 4.37 5.26 4.49 3.42 K2O 1.88 1.77 2.90 3.02 2.51 2.24 2.79 2.57 2.98 1.98 2.26 4.14 TiO2 0.36 0.16 0.12 0.48 0.46 0.15 0.26 0.23 0.28 0.84 0.083 0.090 P2O5 0.16 0.060 0.018 0.12 0.11 0.032 0.067 0.072 0.10 0.34 0.021 0.016 MnO 0.074 0.038 0.018 0.055 0.076 0.077 0.047 0.045 0.20 0.13 0.015 0.016 烧失量 3.37 2.22 1.37 2.92 2.76 1.92 1.83 1.63 2.25 2.95 1.31 1.13 总量 99.79 99.54 99.51 99.58 99.37 99.53 99.39 99.47 99.52 99.61 99.82 99.61 A/CNK 1.01 0.98 1.12 1.04 1.06 1.09 1.03 1.04 1.21 1.01 1.16 1.18 Y 37.6 33.1 51.4 34.5 34.4 23.2 32.5 27.1 23.6 29.1 33.0 23.0 Ga 15.8 12.6 19.2 20.1 20.0 18.9 14.7 14.5 18.2 16.1 15.6 19.4 Rb 80.4 77.4 93.4 117 101 78.8 101 58.6 80.3 74.2 62.4 140 Nb 2.92 3.50 7.45 5.17 11.6 15.9 6.05 6.38 6.61 7.10 12.0 15.1 Ta 0.26 0.31 0.62 0.38 1.12 1.26 0.48 0.58 0.53 0.61 1.17 1.25 Th 7.09 10.6 15.9 11.0 12.2 10.9 12.4 11.0 8.23 9.18 16.7 16.2 Ba 283 192 645 683 602 373 451 427 590 407 445 525 Co 6.20 2.38 1.59 9.25 14.9 3.42 3.49 3.25 6.10 13.3 2.53 2.42 Cr 14.6 6.17 7.17 34.9 86.5 7.10 8.09 11.6 11.8 13.5 14.3 7.77 Ni 3.79 3.08 3.65 13.6 52.8 6.04 6.86 5.67 10.5 6.69 9.00 4.02 Sr 132 84.4 80.3 230 201 36.9 83.8 61.3 160 145 46.4 21.1 V 56.8 13.8 6.51 74.7 82.2 7.04 23.6 18.3 34.6 108 12.5 6.76 Sc 8.72 5.53 4.97 11.5 11.4 4.90 4.31 3.69 4.55 12.6 3.12 2.38 Zr 175 173 236 146 278 240 186 170 161 161 219 148 Hf 4.18 4.92 6.78 4.93 6.41 6.82 5.23 4.94 4.44 4.19 6.55 1.78 La 24.8 27.0 33.0 24.1 24.3 33.1 28.6 22.6 21.6 28.3 50.7 35.1 Ce 48.0 53.7 67.5 47.0 48.3 67.4 52.9 43.5 43.1 58.6 102 84.8 Pr 5.90 5.93 7.95 5.67 5.58 8.69 6.11 5.32 5.10 7.34 12.7 9.48 Nd 25.7 24.0 31.9 23.9 23.0 33.6 23.8 20.8 19.3 32.2 47.2 32.3 Sm 4.95 4.00 5.89 4.74 4.31 6.31 4.05 3.22 3.37 7.01 7.91 6.05 Eu 1.02 0.86 1.07 0.92 0.95 1.15 0.87 0.76 0.77 1.60 1.66 1.20 Gd 5.28 4.85 6.54 4.73 4.70 8.63 4.60 4.32 3.98 8.61 10.7 8.73 Tb 0.91 0.81 1.22 0.78 0.80 1.45 0.78 0.73 0.65 1.45 1.86 1.56 Dy 6.14 5.30 8.29 5.31 5.65 11.2 5.25 4.99 4.54 10.5 13.3 11.0 Ho 1.24 1.09 1.78 1.14 1.09 2.35 1.09 1.00 0.93 2.15 2.73 2.50 Er 3.84 3.56 5.91 3.52 3.42 7.52 3.42 3.13 2.93 6.76 9.14 8.60 Tm 0.60 0.57 1.01 0.56 0.55 1.34 0.56 0.51 0.50 1.06 1.52 1.48 Yb 3.79 3.87 6.48 3.54 3.60 8.43 3.61 3.37 3.23 6.68 10.1 9.50 Lu 0.70 0.74 1.21 0.64 0.64 1.61 0.67 0.61 0.61 1.18 1.80 1.64 ∑REE 132.9 136.3 179.8 126.55 126.89 192.78 136.31 114.86 110.6 173.4 273.3 213.9 (La/Yb)N 4.23 4.51 3.30 4.41 4.37 2.54 5.13 4.34 4.33 2.74 3.25 2.39 δEu 0.61 0.6 0.53 0.59 0.65 0.48 0.62 0.63 0.65 0.63 0.56 0.51 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量为10-6；TW-1：英安岩；TW-2：流纹岩；TW-3：流纹岩；TW-4：英安岩；TW-5：英安质晶屑凝灰岩；TW-6~TW-9：流纹岩；TW-10：英安质晶屑凝灰岩；TW-11~TW-12：流纹岩
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