Zircon U-Pb age and geochemical characteristics of igneous rocks from the Dianzhong Formation in the Shengong area of Tibet
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摘要:
新特提斯洋俯冲消减、印度-亚洲板块碰撞导致西藏冈底斯构造带分布大量火成岩,其形成年龄尚存在一定争议,形成时代及构造意义对揭示板块运动信息具有重要意义。对神公地区典中组火成岩样品分别进行了锆石U-Pb同位素测年和元素地球化学分析,结果表明,典中组底顶部火成岩锆石U-Pb年龄值分别为65.37±0.58Ma和57.42±0.20Ma;该套火成岩主要为钙碱性系列岩石,稀土元素配分曲线表现为轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损的右倾形态,且负Eu异常明显,K2O/Na2O值平均为1.57,微量元素Rb/Sr值平均为1.78,Nb/Ta值平均为13.28,Rb、Th、U、Pb等大离子亲石元素富集,Nb、Ta、Ti亏损。由此认为,典中组火成岩是在俯冲碰撞背景下,来自地幔和地壳的岩浆以不同比例混合形成的,可能指示了新特提斯洋关闭引起的洋壳俯冲作用。
Abstract:The subduction of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean and the collision of the India-Asia plate resulted in the distribution of large amounts of igneous rocks in the Gangdise tectonic belt in Tibet, whose age remains in dispute, and the exact age and tectonic significance are important for revealing the information of plate movement. In this study, the U-Pb isotopic age of zircon samples from the Dianzhong Formation in Shongong area was determined, and the geochemical analysis of major elements, trace elements and REE was carried out. The result indicates that the age of igneous rocks at the bottom and top of the Dianzhong Formation is 65.37±0.58Ma and 57.42±0.20Ma, respectively. The distribution curve of REE shows the rightward form of LREE concentration and HREE loss, with obvious negative Eu anomalies. The average ratio of K2O/Na2O, Rb/Sr and Nb/T is 1.57, 1.78 and 13.28, respectively. The Dianzhong Formation igneous rocks in Shongong area are enriched in Rb, Th, U and Pb and depleted in Nb, Ta and Ti. The authors hold that the igneous rocks of the Dianzhong Formation were formed by magmatic mixing of the mantle and the crust in different proportions in the background of subduction collision, which may indicate the subduction of oceanic crust caused by the closure of the Neo-Tethyan Ocean.
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Keywords:
- Dianzhong Formation /
- Shongong area /
- igneous rocks /
- zircon U-Pb age /
- geochemistry
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致谢: 感谢审稿专家的宝贵意见和编辑的精心审阅,感谢参加野外考察及取样工作的所有专家、同志,感谢西南冶金地质测试中心等单位对实验测试的精心指导和帮助。
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图 6 典中组火成岩稀土元素配分模式(a)和微量元素蛛网图(b)(原始地幔数据据参考文献[16])
Figure 6. REE patterns (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns (b) of Dianzhong Formation igneous rocks
表 1 典中组火成岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb测试分析结果
Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb data of Dianzhong Formation igneous rocks
测点号 Pb Th U Th/U 同位素比值 锆石年龄/Ma 含量/10-6 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ DMP013TW25玄武安山岩 1 2.44 186 183 1.01 0.0726 0.0064 0.0101 0.0002 71.2 6.1 64.7 1.4 2 3.15 252 252 1.00 0.0693 0.0033 0.0097 0.0001 68.0 3.1 62.2 0.9 3 2.01 166 161 1.03 0.0687 0.0035 0.0098 0.0001 67.5 3.3 62.9 0.8 4 2.75 240 201 1.20 0.0687 0.0042 0.0101 0.0002 67.4 4.0 64.8 1.1 5 2.59 245 195 1.26 0.0667 0.0036 0.0100 0.0001 65.5 3.4 64.3 0.8 6 3.61 327 265 1.23 0.0698 0.0038 0.0104 0.0001 68.5 3.6 66.7 0.9 7 2.60 223 192 1.16 0.0677 0.0035 0.0106 0.0001 66.5 3.4 67.7 0.9 8 2.35 216 171 1.26 0.0703 0.0043 0.0105 0.0002 69.0 4.1 67.3 1.0 9 2.37 229 178 1.29 0.0639 0.0029 0.0100 0.0001 62.9 2.7 64.2 0.7 10 2.44 208 185 1.12 0.0679 0.0030 0.0102 0.0001 66.7 2.9 65.6 0.7 11 4.89 326 395 0.83 0.0666 0.0019 0.0102 0.0001 65.5 1.8 65.5 0.5 12 2.60 213 198 1.08 0.0656 0.0026 0.0103 0.0001 64.5 2.5 66.2 0.7 13 2.21 177 169 1.05 0.0697 0.0032 0.0104 0.0001 68.4 3.1 66.4 0.8 14 2.55 205 199 1.03 0.0673 0.0029 0.0102 0.0001 66.1 2.8 65.7 0.7 15 1.82 140 143 0.98 0.0671 0.0034 0.0102 0.0001 66.0 3.2 65.6 0.8 DMP013TW19英安岩 1 11.63 856 1074 0.80 0.0591 0.0015 0.0092 0.0001 58.3 1.5 59.0 0.5 2 18.64 1742 1726 1.01 0.0591 0.0012 0.0088 0.0001 58.3 1.2 56.3 0.4 3 15.45 1287 1420 0.91 0.0605 0.0013 0.0088 0.0001 59.6 1.3 56.2 0.4 4 19.06 2034 1686 1.21 0.0586 0.0012 0.0089 0.0001 57.9 1.2 57.2 0.4 5 19.15 1776 1739 1.02 0.0596 0.0012 0.0089 0.0001 58.7 1.1 57.4 0.4 6 13.55 1345 1203 1.12 0.0609 0.0015 0.0092 0.0001 60.1 1.5 58.9 0.5 7 17.80 1486 1674 0.89 0.0576 0.0011 0.0089 0.0001 56.9 1.1 56.9 0.4 10 20.10 1553 1863 0.83 0.0623 0.0012 0.0090 0.0001 61.4 1.2 57.9 0.4 11 29.39 3774 2441 1.55 0.0594 0.0010 0.0088 0.0001 58.6 1.0 56.7 0.4 12 19.98 1744 1832 0.95 0.0600 0.0012 0.0089 0.0001 59.1 1.1 57.2 0.4 13 20.97 2026 1922 1.05 0.0574 0.0011 0.0088 0.0001 56.6 1.1 56.4 0.4 14 13.62 975 1251 0.78 0.0614 0.0015 0.0092 0.0001 60.5 1.4 59.0 0.5 16 18.79 1730 1679 1.03 0.0609 0.0013 0.0090 0.0001 60.0 1.2 57.6 0.4 18 14.83 830 1419 0.59 0.0604 0.0014 0.0092 0.0001 59.5 1.3 59.2 0.5 19 21.17 2025 1863 1.09 0.0572 0.0012 0.0091 0.0001 56.5 1.1 58.2 0.4 20 23.78 1976 2136 0.93 0.0597 0.0011 0.0090 0.0001 58.9 1.0 57.6 0.4 表 2 典中组火成岩主量、微量、稀土元素测试分析结果
Table 2 Analytical results of major elements, trace elements and REE in Dianzhong Formation igneous rocks
样品号 XT-01 XT-02 XT-03 XT-04 XT-05 XT-06 XT-07 XT-08 XT-09 XT-10 岩性 安山岩 流纹岩 安山岩 安山岩 安山岩 英安岩 英安岩 流纹岩 流纹岩 粗面岩 SiO2 60.58 73.97 59.57 60.72 61.36 69.08 68.45 74.13 70.28 66.57 TiO2 0.65 0.12 0.99 0.85 0.92 0.63 0.53 0.27 0.27 0.31 Al2O3 15.12 13.88 16.34 16.00 15.49 15.02 14.42 13.17 14.73 15.79 CaO 4.52 0.42 3.71 4.29 4.38 0.77 2.17 0.32 1.56 1.90 Fe2O3 2.16 0.22 5.03 3.54 3.94 2.59 0.80 1.69 1.28 1.34 FeO 3.14 1.39 2.04 2.64 2.48 1.20 3.88 0.85 1.10 2.54 Na2O 3.03 2.53 4.12 3.41 3.32 2.83 3.11 2.60 3.67 3.30 K2O 2.30 5.43 2.12 3.15 2.21 4.89 4.18 5.67 5.77 5.56 P2O5 0.43 0.20 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.19 0.14 0.11 0.08 0.11 H2O+ 1.95 1.09 0.01 1.79 0.01 2.22 1.34 0.78 0.59 0.98 CO2 0.26 0.13 0.21 0.62 0.10 0.18 0.04 0.09 0.26 0.13 总量 94.16 99.37 94.39 97.25 94.47 99.59 99.06 99.68 99.58 98.52 Na2O+K2O 5.34 7.95 6.23 6.56 5.53 7.73 7.29 8.26 9.44 8.87 K2O/Na2O 0.76 2.15 0.51 0.92 0.67 1.73 1.34 2.18 1.57 1.68 La 89.63 19.36 37.91 49.87 35.13 88.71 94.02 120.23 81.92 107.53 Ce 122.40 33.55 75.87 80.52 67.37 130.86 132.86 152.44 101.00 141.84 Pr 16.70 4.28 8.22 10.77 7.83 13.60 17.14 17.58 12.75 18.05 Nd 61.67 15.06 30.74 40.02 32.18 43.93 61.43 53.50 42.44 62.21 Sm 10.60 3.13 6.06 6.85 5.86 6.52 10.30 7.83 6.63 9.83 Eu 2.11 0.63 1.54 1.56 1.46 1.31 2.10 0.94 1.10 1.73 Gd 7.87 2.78 5.76 6.17 4.95 5.79 8.95 6.68 4.97 7.23 Tb 1.19 0.55 0.92 1.06 0.86 0.95 1.55 1.12 0.76 1.06 Dy 5.30 2.45 5.22 5.22 4.97 4.50 7.72 5.57 3.41 4.62 Ho 0.96 0.45 0.98 1.06 0.99 0.86 1.49 1.11 0.65 0.85 Er 2.62 1.10 3.06 2.91 2.94 2.52 4.21 3.19 1.86 2.47 Tm 0.42 0.21 0.49 0.49 0.46 0.42 0.69 0.54 0.31 0.41 Yb 2.56 1.08 3.33 3.13 3.07 2.61 4.12 3.41 1.94 2.74 Lu 0.38 0.16 0.48 0.43 0.44 0.37 0.56 0.48 0.27 0.38 ƩREE 324.44 84.78 180.57 210.07 168.52 302.95 347.13 374.62 260.01 360.97 LREE/HREE 14.23 8.67 7.92 9.26 8.02 15.81 10.86 15.95 17.35 17.25 δEu 0.74 0.70 0.86 0.79 0.89 0.70 0.72 0.42 0.61 0.65 (La/Yb)N 20.75 10.64 6.77 9.46 6.80 20.21 13.56 20.96 25.13 23.30 (La/Sm)N 5.28 3.87 3.91 4.55 3.75 8.50 5.70 9.60 7.72 6.84 (Gd/Yb)N 1.88 1.58 1.06 1.21 0.99 1.36 1.33 1.20 1.58 1.62 Rb 258.23 347.34 87.21 129.19 53.23 284.46 166.71 381.11 389.52 340.45 Th 40.58 17.22 14.53 14.82 12.60 45.05 23.16 79.09 65.02 55.65 U 9.01 5.68 3.61 2.73 3.52 4.77 2.58 2.81 14.78 13.62 Hf 7.10 2.83 5.02 5.78 5.60 7.89 12.66 6.89 6.73 8.37 Zr 179.44 61.98 153.13 210.97 126.79 266.02 484.43 188.95 202.28 186.32 Sr 1091.50 54.44 356.04 397.59 441.04 220.30 203.97 87.84 422.45 723.20 V 106.22 8.84 113.52 89.26 124.10 51.02 28.05 18.57 25.30 52.23 Pb 35.38 76.15 25.29 32.58 20.35 64.26 44.50 51.07 60.49 51.39 Co 19.04 0.85 15.13 8.92 17.64 6.61 4.47 2.77 2.43 4.36 Y 30.87 12.32 28.41 29.67 28.76 24.52 49.16 33.31 20.14 28.22 Nb 13.95 12.95 11.03 10.38 11.25 8.14 13.81 17.79 7.26 24.65 Tb 0.49 0.55 1.13 1.06 0.93 0.95 1.55 1.12 0.76 0.73 Zn 58.63 24.50 96.54 82.98 60.73 73.77 95.64 30.56 45.30 71.43 Sb 0.84 1.36 0.53 0.47 0.64 1.15 0.32 0.50 0.75 1.35 Ta 0.92 0.67 0.76 0.73 0.71 0.65 1.01 1.24 0.58 1.43 Rb/Sr 0.24 6.38 0.24 0.32 0.12 1.29 0.82 4.34 0.92 0.47 Nb/Ta 15.16 19.33 14.51 14.21 15.84 12.52 13.67 14.35 12.51 17.23 注:主量元素含量单位为%,微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6 -
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