The discovery of Silurian Yuanbaoshan Formation graptolite in Wulanshangde area of Alxa Left Banner, Inner Mongolia, and its geological significance
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摘要:
阿拉善盟阿拉善左旗杭乌拉山以北哈日奥布日格断凹陷盆地两侧,北东向出露770km2的哑地层,前人将其划为二叠系双堡塘组,但该套地层的岩性和岩石组合及层序特征,与内蒙古岩石地层所述的双堡塘组的现在定义和地质特征及区域变化完全相悖。采用现代沉积学理论和层序地层学方法,开展岩石组合、基本层序、沉积构造与沉积环境研究,划分出3个段级填图单元。根据发现的笔石化石和被晚泥盆世中粗粒黑云母花岗闪长岩侵入的关系,将地层时代确定为早志留世,改划为志留系圆包山组。泥盆纪区域变质变形作用使其发生浅变质和片理化变形,并形成轴向北东的复式向斜构造。后期叠加构造变形,形成紧闭倒转褶皱。志留系圆包山组的确定对本区地层划分和区域构造演化研究有重要意义。
Abstract:A puzzling stratum is identified as Permian Shuangbaotang Formation, which is outcropped in NE direction for 770km2 on both sides of Hariaoribuge sag in northern Hangwula Mountain of Alxa Left Banner. However, the summarized lithology, rock association and sequence characteristics of strata is in contradiction with the definition, geological characteristics and regional change of Shuangbaotang Formation named by Inner Mongolian lithostratigraphic researchers. In this study, 1:50, 000 regional mineral geological survey adopted modern sedimentology theory and sequence stratigraphy working method to study rock association, basic sequence, sedimentary structure and sedimentary environment. The authors divided the strata into three lithologic section-level geological units. According to the first discovery of graptolite and the invading contact of biotite granodiorites in the Late Devonian (U-Pb/379±2.9Ma), the strata age should be Early Silurian and it was changed into Silurian Yuanbaoshan Formation.The Devonian regional deformation and metamorphic process produced low-grade metamorphism and schistositilization deformation and formed NE-trending compound syncline structure. Then it experienced superimposition ofstructural deformation and formed closed-reverse fold. The establishment of Silurian Yuanbaoshan Formation plays an important role in stratigraphic subdivision and regional tectonic evolution study.
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Keywords:
- stratigraphic subdivision /
- rock association /
- graptolite /
- Yuanbaoshan Formation /
- Alxa League
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致谢: 衷心感谢南京古生物研究所张元动研究员对本次工作所采集化石的鉴定,感谢长安大学焦建刚教授对稿件的审查,感谢长安大学闫海卿教授、内蒙古自治区地质勘查基金管理中心孟二根教授高级工程师对初稿的审查及指导。
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图 1 工作区大地构造位置(a)[3]及区域地质简图(b)
Ⅰ—天山-兴蒙造山系;Ⅱ—华北陆块区;Ⅲ—塔里木陆块区;Ⅰ-9-1—圆包山(中蒙边境)岩浆弧(O-D);Ⅰ-9-2—红石山裂谷(C);Ⅰ-9-3—明水岩浆弧(C);Ⅰ-9-4—公婆泉岛弧(O-S);Ⅰ-9-5—哈特布其岩浆弧(C-P);Ⅰ-9-6—恩格尔乌苏蛇绿混杂岩带(C);Q—第四系;K—白垩系;J—侏罗系;T—三叠系;P3f—上二叠统方山口组;P2j—中二叠统金塔组;S1y3—下志留统圆包山组三段;S1y2—下志留统圆包山组二段;S1y1—下志留统圆包山组—段;Jx-Qb—蓟县系-青白口系;Pt1—古元古界;K1ξγ—早白垩世正长花岗岩;T1ηγ—早三叠世二长花岗岩;Pγο—二叠纪斜长花岗岩;Pηο—二叠纪二长岩;P2υ—中二叠世辉长岩;Cηγ—石炭纪二长花岗岩;D3ηγ—晚泥盆世二长花岗岩;D3γδβ—晚泥盆世黑云母花岗闪长岩;Pt2υ—新元古代辉长岩;1—地质界线;2—角度不整合界线;3—实测断层;4—实测正断层;5—实测逆断层;6—韧性剪切带;7—糜棱岩化带;8—岩层产状;9—倒转岩层产状;10—糜棱面理产状;11—火山口;12—同位素年龄及测试方法;13—笔石化石点;14—剖面位置及编号
Figure 1. Tectonic location (a) and regional geological map (b)
图 2 乌兰尚德地区区域地质简图
Qhal—第四系冲积层;K2w—乌兰苏海组;K1b2—巴音戈壁组二段;S1y3—圆包山组三段;S1y2—圆包山组二段;S1y1—圆包山组—段;D3ηγβzx—晚泥盆世中细粒黑云母二长花岗岩;1—砾岩;2—复成分砾岩;3—含砾粉砂岩;4—变质砾岩;5—变质复成分砾岩;6—变质含泥砾长石岩屑砂岩;7—变质含砾长石岩屑砂岩;8—变质长石岩屑砂岩;9—变质钙质长石砂岩;10—变质钙质长石岩屑砂岩;11—粉砂质板岩;12—泥质板岩;13—炭质板岩;14—灰岩;15—平行层理;16—水平层理;17—槽状层理;18—板状交错层理;19—脉状层理;20—笔石化石点
Figure 2. Regional geological map of Wulanshangde area
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