Zircon U-Pb ages, geochemical characteristics and petrogenesis of ringed pluton in the Hancaohu area, eastern Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang
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摘要:
以新疆东天山旱草湖地区中酸性环状岩体为研究对象，进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄和全岩地球化学研究，探讨其成因和地质意义。结果表明，侵入英云闪长岩的最老年龄为275.0±2.9Ma（MSWD=4.8），侵位时代为二叠纪。岩体Al2O3含量为14.46%~17.05%，A/CNK为0.93~1.09，属准铝质和弱过铝质系列，较富集K2O，MgO含量较低，为0.71%~2.84%，Mg#值为33.3~48.6。微量元素高Sr、低Y，Sr含量为217×10-6~740×10-6，Y含量为4.26×10-6~21.4×10-6，Sr/Y值为16.87~145.07，富集大离子亲石元素Rb、Sr、Ba，亏损高场强元素Nb、Ta、Ti。稀土元素配分模式图呈现平坦右倾的轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损，表明岩体来源于石榴子石和金红石较稳定而斜长石不稳定的区域，属于角闪岩相向榴辉岩相过渡阶段，可能是同时期底侵的产物。地球化学特征表明岩体不是一期岩浆事件结晶分离演化的结果，不同岩性的岩体之间没有发生结晶分离。部分熔融程度和新生幔源组分的不同导致了旱草湖环状花岗质岩体的形成，二叠纪旱草湖地区存在较强烈的中酸性岩浆活动，是东天山二叠纪构造-岩浆演化的响应。
Abstract:Choosing the Hancaohu intermediate-acid annular pluton distributed in East Tianshan Mountains of Xinjiang as the study object, the authors used LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb isotope chronology and geochemical characteristics to study the petrogenesis and geological significance of the pluton. The results indicate that the age of the earliest intrusive tonalite pluton is 275.0 ±2.9Ma (MSWD=4.8), suggesting that its emplacement epoch is Permian. The Al2O3 of the ringed pluton is 14.46%~17.05%, and A/CNK is 0.93~1.09, suggesting metaluminous and weak peraluminous series. The rocks are enriched in K2O, and their MgO content is 0.71%~2.84% and Mg# value is 33.3~48.6. Their trace elements are high in Sr and low in Y, the content of Sr is 217×10-6~740×10-6, that of Y is 4.26×10-6~21.4×10-6, and Sr/Y ratio is 16.87~145.07. They are enriched in LILEs(Rb, Sr, Ba) and depleted in HFSEs(Nb, Ta, Ti). They are characterized by LREE enrichment and HREE depletion, implying that they were formed in an area with stable garnet, rutile and unstable plagioclase, belonging to the transitional stage from amphibolite facies to eclogite facies; they were probably formed by underplating in the same period. The variation of main elements and race elements content and discontinuous LREE/HREE show that the pluton was not formed by crystallization evolution of one magmatic event, and the plutons of different lithologies are not separately crystallized from each other. Comprehensive analyses show that the lithospheric extension after Permian collision in Huangshan-Jingerquan area caused asthenosphere mantle upwelling and lithosphere delamination. The lithosphere vertical accretion at the boundary of the underplating crust and mantle induced the partial melting and produced high K calc-alkaline magma. With the instant intrusion of the magma, the difference of partial melting and newly formed mantle source components led to the formation of Hancaohu granitic pluton. It is shown that there was violent intermediate-acid magmatism in the Hancaohu area in Permian, and it was the response to tectonic-magmatism evolution in Permian in East Tianshan Mountains.
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Keywords:
- Xinjiang /
- East Tianshan Mountains /
- Hancaohu /
- intermediate-acid annular pluton /
- zircon U-Pb ages /
- geochemistry
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致谢: 样品测试工作得到自然资源部岩浆作用成矿与找矿重点实验室郑民奇教授级高工和韩延兵、程秀花、李艳广高级工程师的大力支持；研究过程中得到中国地质调查局西安地质调查中心陈隽璐、贾群子研究员的有益指导；审稿专家提出宝贵的意见，在此一并致谢。
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图 1 东天山旱草湖地区地质简图
Figure 1. Geological sketch map of Hancaohu area in East Tianshan Mountains
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图版Ⅰ
a.英云闪长岩与闪长质包体；b.英云闪长岩镜下特征；c.花岗闪长岩；d.花岗闪长岩镜下特征；e.二长闪长岩；f.二长花岗岩镜下特征。Pl—斜长石；
Mic—微斜长石；Q—石英；Ms—白云母；Bt—黑云母图版Ⅰ.
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图 2 旱草湖环状岩体英云闪长岩锆石阴极发光图像
Figure 2. Cathodoluminescence images of zircons from tonalite in Hancaohu ringed pluton
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图 3 英云闪长岩锆石U-Pb谐和图（a）与206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值（b）
Figure 3. U-Pb concordia diagram (a) and weighted average 206Pb/238U ages (b) of the zircons from the tonalite
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图 6 旱草湖环状岩体K2O-Na2O成因图解[25]
Figure 6. K2O-Na2O origin diagram of Hancaohu ringed pluton
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图 8 旱草湖环状岩体球粒陨石标准化稀土元素配分模式图
（标准化值据参考文献[26]）
Figure 8. Normalized REE patterns of Hancaohu ringed pluton
表 1 旱草湖环状岩体英云闪长岩锆石U-Th-Pb定年分析数据
Table 1 Zircon U-Th-Pb analytic results of tonalite in Hancaohu ringed pluton
测定点号 含量/10-6 同位素比值 同位素年龄/Ma 232Th/238U Pb Th 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 208Pb/232Th 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 208Pb/232Th 1σ 1 28.19 7.51 0.05337 0.00132 0.3260 0.0075 0.04432 0.00035 0.01451 0.00025 345 38 287 6 280 2 291 5 0.31 2 25.62 335.37 0.05027 0.00129 0.2983 0.0072 0.04306 0.00034 0.01447 0.00024 207 41 265 6 272 2 290 5 0.37 3 54.73 242.8 0.05589 0.00228 0.3497 0.0137 0.04542 0.00052 0.0162 0.00043 448 67 305 10 286 3 325 9 0.36 4 21.01 149.6 0.05273 0.00127 0.3199 0.0071 0.04405 0.00034 0.01428 0.00027 317 36 282 5 278 2 287 5 0.16 5 24.64 215.82 0.0497 0.00135 0.2980 0.0076 0.04355 0.00036 0.01399 0.00024 181 44 265 6 275 2 281 5 0.33 6 21.98 107.43 0.05332 0.00123 0.3146 0.0067 0.04285 0.00032 0.01342 0.00016 342 34 278 5 270 2 269 3 0.29 7 21.12 141.68 0.05457 0.00163 0.3253 0.0091 0.0433 0.00039 0.01403 0.00028 395 47 286 7 273 2 282 6 0.41 8 14.38 90.15 0.05455 0.00131 0.3248 0.0072 0.04324 0.00034 0.01233 0.00019 394 36 286 6 273 2 248 4 0.38 9 409.11 451.27 0.05504 0.00174 0.3361 0.0102 0.04428 0.00037 0.01382 0.00009 414 72 294 8 279 2 277 2 0.35 10 15.33 25.29 0.05326 0.00282 0.3118 0.0161 0.04246 0.00052 0.0133 0.00012 340 123 276 12 268 3 267 2 0.24 11 28.29 7.76 0.05339 0.00198 0.3335 0.0120 0.04531 0.00041 0.01419 0.0001 345 86 292 9 286 3 285 2 0.39 12 14.75 103.07 0.05595 0.00217 0.3303 0.0124 0.04281 0.00041 0.01333 0.0001 451 88 290 9 270 3 268 2 0.35 13 20.19 149.86 0.05866 0.00174 0.3520 0.0098 0.04357 0.00039 0.00795 0.00024 555 45 306 7 275 2 160 5 0.20 
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表 2 旱草湖环状岩体主量、微量和稀土元素分析结果
Table 2 Major, trace elements and REE analytic data of Hancaohu ringed pluton
样号 YY-01 YY-02 YY-03 HG-01 HG-02 HG-03 EC-01 EC-02 EC-03 ZC-01 ZC-02 ZC-03 SY-01 SY-02 SY-03 岩性 英云闪长岩 花岗闪长岩 二长花岗岩 正长花岗岩 石英闪长岩 SiO2 70.58 71.36 71.59 63.07 64.32 64.06 71.54 70.95 71.80 71.19 71.92 71.54 60.03 60.24 60.17 Al2O3 15.59 15.36 15.28 16.45 16.57 16.48 14.98 15.33 14.87 14.79 14.53 14.46 16.88 16.97 17.05 Fe2O3 0.31 0.38 0.33 1.62 1.46 1.47 0.78 0.81 0.74 0.82 0.85 0.86 2.30 2.17 2.26 FeO 2.60 2.30 2.34 3.00 2.52 2.54 1.00 0.98 0.92 1.00 0.92 1.02 3.34 3.43 3.37 CaO 3.68 3.78 3.66 4.53 4.33 4.36 2.09 2.14 2.17 1.95 2.01 2.09 4.61 4.73 4.72 MgO 0.88 0.75 0.76 2.47 2.10 2.14 0.72 0.71 0.71 0.73 0.72 0.77 2.77 2.80 2.84 K2O 1.38 1.07 1.13 2.26 2.40 2.47 3.30 3.21 3.07 4.28 4.12 4.04 1.76 1.39 1.30 Na2O 3.71 3.79 3.74 4.21 4.16 4.13 4.28 4.51 4.34 3.52 3.54 3.62 4.56 4.60 4.59 TiO2 0.40 0.37 0.36 0.73 0.61 0.62 0.29 0.28 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.91 0.92 0.93 P2O5 0.11 0.10 0.11 0.24 0.20 0.21 0.096 0.098 0.095 0.08 0.084 0.088 0.38 0.37 0.37 MnO 0.06 0.06 0.06 0.077 0.066 0.067 0.037 0.037 0.037 0.042 0.042 0.045 0.082 0.084 0.084 烧失量 0.70 0.69 0.65 1.22 1.12 1.33 0.84 0.86 0.90 0.96 0.90 1.11 2.24 2.20 2.20 总计 100.00 100.01 100.01 99.877 99.856 99.877 99.953 99.915 99.922 99.622 99.896 99.913 99.862 99.904 99.884 σ 0.93 0.83 0.82 2.08 2.01 2.06 2.01 2.13 1.90 2.15 2.02 2.05 2.34 2.08 2.02 K2O/Na2O 0.37 0.28 0.30 0.54 0.58 0.59 0.77 0.71 0.71 1.21 1.16 1.12 0.39 0.31 0.28 TFeO/MgO 3.27 3.52 3.46 1.80 1.82 1.80 2.36 2.40 2.23 2.38 2.34 2.32 1.95 1.92 1.90 A/CNK 1.09 1.07 1.08 0.93 0.95 0.94 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.05 1.04 1.02 0.94 0.96 0.97 A/NK 2.05 2.07 2.07 1.75 1.75 1.74 1.41 1.40 1.42 1.41 1.410 1.40 1.79 1.87 1.90 Cu 3.57 3.42 5.34 25.10 21.8 21.70 7.87 7.62 7.51 8.72 9.59 8.88 39.70 37.70 33.80 Pb 8.59 6.96 6.41 16.40 17.80 19.50 44.10 28.30 25.20 117.00 36.00 93.40 16.70 9.29 13.10 Zn 52.10 47.30 46.70 73.40 69.60 63.60 50.40 49.20 47.80 40.50 48.10 42.60 99.20 98.70 98.00 Cr 1.65 2.58 1.63 47.90 38.80 40.80 8.53 9.48 7.49 23.50 12.80 10.70 58.80 56.40 60.60 Ni 0.76 1.19 0.89 28.70 24.20 25.70 3.38 3.82 3.34 6.90 6.09 4.40 26.30 26.10 28.20 Co 4.73 4.01 4.15 14.20 14.00 13.70 3.48 3.41 3.96 3.60 4.18 3.41 16.90 21.40 16.40 Li 45.40 37.20 39.90 32.20 26.20 25.90 48.60 45.90 43.60 45.70 45.80 44.20 34.00 36.60 38.90 Rb 70.70 69.50 69.30 90.60 87.20 90.70 95.40 79.40 84.80 184.00 175.00 174.00 55.00 47.20 44.60 Cs 2.96 2.15 2.17 4.31 3.67 3.44 3.79 3.57 3.36 3.86 3.91 4.02 3.19 2.70 2.59 Sr 226.00 223.00 217.00 422.00 468.00 453.00 619.00 615.00 618.00 305.00 290.00 289.00 737.00 724.00 740.00 Ba 260.00 191.00 194.00 348.00 414.00 425.00 912.00 865.00 823.00 597.00 575.00 573.00 356.00 282.00 294.00 V 31.20 27.40 26.30 81.00 66.60 68.20 28.10 28.50 25.30 27.50 27.00 26.30 96.60 97.60 104.00 Sc 7.56 7.53 5.76 10.00 8.48 9.16 3.80 3.17 3.07 3.64 3.36 3.42 11.00 9.70 10.60 Nb 4.49 3.96 3.96 10.10 7.84 7.86 4.48 4.47 4.22 8.49 7.61 7.82 8.07 8.01 8.66 Ta 0.60 0.40 0.42 1.14 0.86 0.87 0.46 0.48 0.43 1.16 0.98 1.04 0.61 0.55 0.59 Zr 220.00 193.00 208.00 220.00 192.00 173.00 128.00 126.00 115.00 126.00 131.00 139.00 118.00 195.00 181.00 Hf 4.72 4.06 4.46 5.41 4.73 4.28 3.56 3.56 3.13 3.92 3.82 4.34 3.35 4.72 4.46 Be 1.51 1.30 1.25 2.20 2.06 2.10 1.51 1.68 1.61 2.63 2.52 2.59 1.48 1.52 1.48 Ga 16.40 15.60 15.70 19.50 19.30 18.70 17.90 18.40 17.60 17.40 16.50 16.60 20.60 20.10 20.80 U 0.98 1.26 1.21 1.86 1.40 1.48 1.41 1.49 1.49 2.56 2.49 2.55 0.70 0.72 0.77 Th 5.30 4.65 4.79 7.68 4.91 5.53 5.06 5.60 4.00 12.00 9.87 12.20 1.83 1.74 1.93 Rb/Sr 0.31 0.31 0.32 0.21 0.19 0.20 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.60 0.60 0.60 0.07 0.07 0.06 Nb/Ta 7.48 9.90 9.43 8.86 9.12 9.03 9.74 9.31 9.81 7.32 7.77 7.52 13.23 14.56 14.68 Sr/Y 16.87 22.97 19.91 19.72 28.54 27.62 138.48 142.36 145.07 28.77 31.45 31.24 49.80 49.25 47.44 La 19.60 18.60 19.00 28.60 20.20 22.30 18.20 16.20 14.00 16.60 19.00 17.20 18.30 17.50 18.30 Ce 39.00 37.50 38.00 61.40 45.80 48.10 36.20 31.90 27.70 35.90 39.20 36.90 44.60 43.60 44.90 Pr 4.60 4.34 4.47 7.30 5.46 5.56 3.90 3.48 3.03 4.36 4.60 4.32 5.89 5.69 5.90 Nd 17.60 16.10 17.10 27.60 21.80 21.30 13.40 12.10 11.00 16.20 16.80 16.10 24.70 23.70 24.20 Sm 2.92 2.72 2.88 5.06 4.04 3.93 1.98 1.84 1.80 3.17 2.90 2.86 4.73 4.67 4.67 Eu 0.87 0.84 0.83 1.24 1.08 1.06 0.62 0.61 0.62 0.70 0.66 0.67 1.34.00 1.37.00 1.40 Gd 2.53 2.20 2.53 4.68 3.62 3.73 1.39 1.41 1.22 2.65 2.29 2.29 4.30 4.02 4.17 Tb 0.37 0.32 0.34 0.69 0.53 0.56 0.17 0.18 0.15 0.36 0.31 0.32 0.57 0.55 0.57 Dy 2.26 1.70 1.94 3.75 2.96 2.91 0.85 0.84 0.8 1.89 1.62 1.61 2.91 2.77 3.06 Ho 0.47 0.34 0.40 0.78 0.62 0.6 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.40 0.34 0.33 0.54 0.55 0.58 Er 1.52 1.03 1.18 2.21 1.74 1.74 0.48 0.44 0.42 1.12 0.96 0.97 1.52 1.51 1.57 Tm 0.23 0.14 0.17 0.34 0.26 0.26 0.072 0.068 0.065 0.17 0.15 0.15 0.21 0.22 0.23 Yb 1.78 1.07 1.30 2.18 1.70 1.68 0.48 0.45 0.43 1.10 0.98 1.00 1.33 1.41 1.47 Lu 0.27 0.16 0.21 0.33 0.26 0.24 0.078 0.07 0.064 0.17 0.15 0.16 0.18 0.20 0.22 Y 13.40 9.71 10.90 21.40 16.40 16.40 4.47 4.32 4.26 10.60 9.22 9.25 14.80 14.70 15.60 ∑REE 94.02 87.06 90.35 146.16 110.07 113.97 77.99 69.748 61.459 84.79 89.96 84.88 111.12 107.76 111.24 LREE/HREE 8.97 11.51 10.20 8.76 8.42 8.73 20.13 18.26 17.58 9.78 12.24 11.43 8.62 8.59 8.37 δEu 0.98 1.05 0.94 0.78 0.86 0.85 1.14 1.16 1.28 0.74 0.78 0.80 0.91 0.97 0.97 Eu/Eu* 0.96 1.02 0.92 0.77 0.85 0.83 1.09 1.12 1.21 0.72 0.76 0.78 0.89 0.94 0.95 (La/Yb)N 7.42 11.72 9.85 8.84 8.01 8.95 25.56 24.27 21.95 10.17 13.07 11.60 9.28 8.37 8.39 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量单位为10-6
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表 3 旱草湖环状岩体CIPW标准矿物计算结果
Table 3 CIPW normative mineral calculation data of Hancaohu ringed pluton
% 岩性 样品号 Q Or Ab An C Di wo Di en Di fs Hy en Hy fs Mt Il Ap 英云闪长岩 YY-01 33.26 8.22 31.58 17.75 1.53 2.22 3.99 0.45 0.77 0.24 YY-02 34.97 6.37 32.25 18.3 1.3 1.89 3.43 0.55 0.71 0.22 YY-03 35.46 6.73 31.81 17.64 1.48 1.91 3.56 0.48 0.69 0.24 花岗闪长岩 HG-01 16.37 13.55 36.07 19.54 0.76 0.48 0.24 5.78 2.9 2.38 1.41 0.53 HG-02 18.33 14.38 35.61 19.66 0.38 0.24 0.12 5.07 2.45 2.14 1.17 0.44 HG-03 17.99 14.83 35.42 19.37 0.56 0.35 0.17 5.08 2.41 2.16 1.2 0.47 二长花岗岩 EC-01 28.63 19.69 36.5 9.9 0.76 1.82 0.79 1.14 0.56 0.21 EC-02 26.99 19.17 38.48 10.14 0.75 1.79 0.74 1.19 0.54 0.22 EC-03 29.34 18.34 37.04 10.32 0.66 1.79 0.71 1.08 0.52 0.21 正长花岗岩 ZC-01 29.31 25.66 30.15 9.34 0.99 1.85 0.82 1.21 0.5 0.18 ZC-02 30.43 24.62 30.22 9.58 0.76 1.82 0.64 1.24 0.5 0.19 ZC-03 29.63 24.19 30.97 9.98 0.51 1.95 0.81 1.26 0.52 0.19 石英闪长岩 SY-01 12.8 10.66 39.48 20.85 0.13 0.08 0.03 7.01 2.91 3.42 1.77 0.85 SY-02 13.7 8.41 39.79 21.81 0.08 7.16 3.21 3.22 1.79 0.83 SY-03 14.1 7.87 39.71 21.76 0.3 7.27 3.01 3.35 1.81 0.83 注：Q—石英；Or—正长石；Ab—钠长石；An—钙长石；C—刚玉；Di Wo—透辉石中的硅辉石；Di En—透辉石中的顽火辉石；Di Fs—透辉石中的正铁辉石，Hy En—紫苏辉石中的顽火辉石；Hy Fs—紫苏辉石中的正铁辉石；Mt—磁铁矿；Il—钛铁矿；Ap—磷灰石
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