Zircon U-Pb dating, geochemistry and geological significance of the Duobagou granite pluton on the southern margin of the Dunhuang landmass
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摘要:
多坝沟黑云二长花岗岩体出露于敦煌地块南缘，呈近东西向带状分布，侵位于太古宙—古元古代敦煌岩群。LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb年龄显示，该岩体形成于晚二叠世，206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为252.1±2.3Ma。该岩体具高SiO2含量(68.32%~72.82%)和全碱含量(7.76%~8.00%)；A/CNK值为0.97~1.02，均小于1.1，为高钾钙碱性准铝质花岗岩。岩石具有明显的轻、重稀土元素分异和弱的负Eu异常，具高Sr/Yb和(La/Yb)N值富集大离子亲石元素(K、Rb、Ba、Cs)，显著亏损Nb、Ta、P和Ti，表明源岩具有经典岛弧岩石地球化学特征；(87Sr/86Sr)i值为0.707083，εNd(t)为-2.22，Nd模式年龄TDM2=1102Ma。元素和同位素地球化学特征显示，多坝沟花岗岩形成于加厚下地壳中岛弧玄武岩的部分熔融。结合岩体地质特征、年代学和区域地质背景，初步认为敦煌地块在晚古生代晚期依然受古亚洲洋汇聚碰撞相关的造山活动的影响，可能是中亚造山带的最南缘组成部分。
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关键词:
- 花岗岩 /
- LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄 /
- 二叠纪 /
- 敦煌地块 /
- 中亚造山带
Abstract:The Duobagou biotite monzonitic granitic pluton, distributed as a nearly EW-trending belt, intruded into Archean-Paleoproterozoic Dunhuang complexes in southern Dunhuang landmass. Zircon LA ICP-MS U-Pb data revealed the crystallization age of 252.1±2.3Ma, suggesting that Duobagou pluton was formed in Late Permian. Geochemical characteristics of monzonitic granite are similar to those of typical arc rocks. For example, the granites have high content of SiO2 (68.32%~72.82%) and total alkali (7.76%~8.00%), and their A/CNK ratios are 0.97 to 1.02, which are less than 1.1, indicating that Duobagou granites are high potassium calcium alkaline aluminium. They have obvious differentiation of REEs and weak Eu negative anomaly, and are characterized by strong enrichment of K, Rb, Ba and Cs and depletion of Nb, Ta, P, and Ti, with high ratios of Sr/Yb and (La/Yb)N. The sample PM04-1 shows high initial Sr isotopic ratio (0.707083), relatively low εNd(t) (-2.22) and Nd model ages (TDM2=1102Ma). The authors thus hold that the Duobagou biotite monzonitic granites may be the product of partial melting of island arc basalt in thickened low crust, and the Dunhuang landmass was likely to be involved into a series of orogenic events by the closing of the Palaeo-Asian Ocean at the end of Late Paleozoic, and possibly became the southernmost part of central Asian orogenic belt.
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Keywords:
- granites /
- LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age /
- Permian /
- Dunhuang landmass /
- Central Asian orogenic belt
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致谢: 审稿专家提出宝贵的修改意见，野外工作中得到甘肃省地质调查院张渊工程师、马国杰助理工程师、张兵兵高级工程师的协助，中科院地球化学研究所张辉研究员对本文提出了建设性的意见，在此一并致谢。
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图 2 多坝沟岩体地质简图和岩石学特征
1—第四系；2—敦煌岩群第四岩组；3—敦煌岩群第三岩组；4—敦煌岩群第二岩组；5—二长花岗岩；6—花岗岩脉；7—面理产状；8—片理产状；9—片麻理产状；10—采样点及编号。Kfs—钾长石；Bi—黑云母
Figure 2. Simplified geological map and petrographic features of Duobagou granites
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图 3 多坝沟花岗岩锆石阴极发光图像
Figure 3. Cathodoluminescence images of zircons from Duobagou granite
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图 4 多坝沟花岗岩U-Pb谐和图和206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值图
Figure 4. U-Pb concordia diagram and weighted average 206Pb/238U age diagram of zircons from the Duobagou granites
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图 6 多坝沟花岗岩稀土元素配分曲线(a)和微量元素蛛网图(b)(标准化值据参考文献[30])
Figure 6. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns(a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spidergrams(b) of the Duobagou granite
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图 7 多坝沟花岗岩10000Ga/Al-TFeO/MgO(a)[34]和Zr-TiO2(b)图解
Figure 7. 10000Ga/Al versus TFeO/MgO (a)and Zr versus TiO2 diagrams (b)for Duobagou granite
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图 8 多坝沟花岗岩Y-Sr/Y(a)和YbN-(La/Yb)N(b)图解[35]
Figure 8. Sr/Y versus Y (a)and YbN versus (La/Yb)N (b) diagrams for Duobagou granite
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图 9 多坝沟花岗岩源岩Ta/Yb-Th/Yb(a)和源区SiO2-Mg#(b)判别图
Figure 9. Ta/Yb versus Th/Yb (a)and SiO2 versus Mg#(b)diagrams for Duobagou granite
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图 10 多坝沟花岗岩构造环境判别图解[31]
ORG—洋脊花岗岩；WPG—板内花岗岩；VAG—火山弧花岗岩；syn-COLG—同碰撞花岗岩
Figure 10. Discrimination diagrams of tectonic setting for Duobagou granites
表 1 多坝沟花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb年龄测定结果
Table 1 Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb ages of the granite from Duobagou region
测点号 含量/10-6 Th/U 同位素比值 表面年龄/Ma 232Th 238U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 206Pb/207Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ dtw05-01 437 583 0.75 0.05156 0.0009 0.2823 0.0051 0.03972 0.0005 266 20 253 4 251 3 dtw05-02 672 810 0.83 0.05058 0.0013 0.2744 0.0068 0.03935 0.0005 222 33 246 5 249 3 dtw05-03 541 569 0.95 0.05684 0.0021 0.3591 0.0127 0.04582 0.0007 485 49 312 9 289 5 dtw05-04 447 438 1.02 0.05119 0.0009 0.2875 0.0054 0.04075 0.0005 249 21 257 4 257 3 dtw05-05 724 670 1.08 0.05504 0.0011 0.3075 0.0064 0.04053 0.0005 414 24 272 5 256 3 dtw05-06 389 505 0.77 0.05412 0.0011 0.2992 0.0061 0.04011 0.0006 376 23 266 5 254 3 dtw05-07 478 693 0.69 0.05119 0.0009 0.2734 0.0051 0.03875 0.0005 249 21 245 4 245 3 dtw05-08 651 700 0.93 0.05163 0.0011 0.2911 0.0064 0.04091 0.0006 269 27 259 5 258 3 dtw05-09 538 445 1.21 0.05057 0.0009 0.3003 0.0056 0.04311 0.0006 221 21 267 4 272 4 dtw05-10 441 573 0.77 0.05171 0.0011 0.2790 0.0060 0.03916 0.0005 273 26 250 5 248 3 dtw05-11 537 639 0.84 0.05204 0.0009 0.2853 0.0052 0.03979 0.0005 287 20 255 4 252 3 dtw05-12 620 608 1.02 0.05197 0.0011 0.2952 0.0062 0.04122 0.0006 284 25 263 5 260 3 dtw05-13 549 603 0.91 0.05201 0.0009 0.2781 0.0049 0.03879 0.0005 286 19 249 4 245 3 dtw05-14 296 352 0.84 0.05129 0.0008 0.2823 0.0048 0.03996 0.0005 254 18 253 4 253 3 dtw05-15 357 305 1.17 0.05080 0.0009 0.2824 0.0053 0.04034 0.0005 232 21 253 4 255 3 dtw05-16 484 701 0.69 0.05382 0.0010 0.2909 0.0055 0.03921 0.0005 364 21 259 4 248 3 dtw05-17 384 463 0.83 0.05194 0.0011 0.2916 0.0064 0.04074 0.0006 283 27 260 5 257 3 dtw05-18 466 542 0.86 0.05241 0.0009 0.2818 0.0051 0.03901 0.0005 303 20 252 4 247 3 dtw05-19 375 387 0.97 0.05192 0.0009 0.2879 0.0051 0.04023 0.0005 282 20 257 4 254 3 dtw05-20 422 570 0.74 0.05581 0.0011 0.3019 0.0063 0.03925 0.0005 444 24 268 5 248 3 
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表 2 多坝沟花岗岩体主量、微量和稀土元素组成
Table 2 Geochemical composition of major, trace and rare earth elements of Duobagou granite
样品号 PM04-1 DYQ23 DYQ24 DYQ25 DYQ26 SiO2 69.75 68.32 68.69 70.59 72.82 Al2O3 14.66 14.78 14.74 14.49 13.73 TiO2 0.35 0.39 0.40 0.32 0.25 Fe2O3 0.92 1.14 1.01 0.94 0.85 FeO 1.77 1.89 2.01 1.56 1.17 CaO 2.55 2.13 2.55 2.25 1.57 MgO 0.91 1.06 1.10 0.85 0.59 K2O 4.30 4.14 4.27 4.55 4.58 Na2O 3.48 3.78 3.48 3.39 3.43 MnO 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.07 0.05 P2O5 0.11 0.14 0.14 0.12 0.08 H2O+ 0.71 1.24 1.03 0.52 0.66 H2O- 0.10 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.11 烧失量 0.99 2.01 1.34 0.72 0.76 总计 99.85 99.86 99.84 99.85 99.88 A/NK 1.41 1.38 1.42 1.38 1.29 A/CNK 0.97 1.01 0.98 0.99 1.02 Mg# 39 39 40 39 35 Li 27.5 14.4 27.7 19.3 17.9 Be 2.42 2.57 2.40 1.88 2.74 Sc 4.61 5.40 4.75 4.51 4.05 V 41.3 37.0 36.9 32.2 28.0 Cr 5.41 7.59 6.36 6.41 5.43 Co 18.2 5.54 5.83 4.65 3.65 Ni 3.44 4.15 3.17 2.83 2.30 Cu 12.1 5.36 6.10 16.0 24.6 Zn 54.8 51.8 62.6 40.7 48.0 Ga 15.7 16.2 15.6 14.0 15.6 Rb 167 125 99.2 147 163 Sr 348 289 334 308 230 Zr 184 199 180 144 145 Nb 10.1 7.83 8.75 6.58 7.98 In 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.02 0.02 Cs 6.66 2.66 5.83 5.34 6.27 Ba 812 536 622 602 581 Hf 6.26 6.71 5.71 4.31 4.51 Ta 0.70 0.96 0.96 0.69 1.08 W 190 0.83 0.37 0.69 2.87 Pb 19.0 23.7 19.9 20.8 24.8 Bi 0.06 0.16 0.17 0.03 0.09 Th 9.25 15.1 8.73 11.1 17.7 U 1.56 2.49 1.32 1.70 3.14 F 342 467 677 451 467 La 21.3 24.4 19.8 23.2 21.5 Ce 44.1 49.4 43.9 48.6 44.1 Pr 5.29 5.74 5.31 5.51 5.01 Nd 17.5 20.5 19.4 19.1 16.9 Sm 3.00 3.71 3.61 3.13 2.79 Eu 0.81 0.91 0.96 0.85 0.59 Gd 2.72 3.51 3.33 3.13 2.82 Tb 0.42 0.56 0.56 0.43 0.39 Dy 2.25 3.24 3.13 2.33 2.10 Ho 0.43 0.67 0.64 0.47 0.45 Er 1.29 1.84 1.77 1.33 1.28 Tm 0.21 0.34 0.33 0.24 0.26 Yb 1.60 2.10 1.98 1.47 1.55 Lu 0.26 0.33 0.32 0.25 0.29 Y 12.4 18.2 17.6 12.9 12.8 ΣREE 113.5 135.4 122.6 123.0 112.8 LREE 92.0 104.6 93.0 100.4 90.9 HREE 9.2 12.6 12.1 9.7 9.1 LREE/HREE 10.0 8.3 7.7 10.4 10.0 (La/Yb)N 9.58 8.32 7.17 11.27 9.96 δEu 0.87 0.77 0.84 0.83 0.65 注:主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素为10-6，其中Au元素单位为10-9
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表 3 多坝沟花岗岩全岩Sr-Nd同位素数据
Table 3 Sr-Nd isotopic data of the Duobagou granite
样号 Rb Sr 87Rb/86Sr 87Sr/86Sr 2σ (87Sr/86Sr)i Nd Sm 147Sm/144Nd 143Nd/144Nd 2σ (143Nd/144Nd)i εNd(0) εNd(t) fSm/Nd TDM2 /10-6 /10-6 /Ma PM04-1 166.56 347.65 1.38734 0.712058 0.000007 0.707083 17.49 3 0.103323 0.51237 0.000004 0.5122 -5.23 -2.22 -0.47 1102
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