北大巴山花栎村镁铁质岩地球化学、年代学及其构造环境制约

许光; 王坤明; 王宗起; 张英利; 王刚; 武昱东

北大巴山花栎村镁铁质岩地球化学、年代学及其构造环境制约

许光^{1, 2,},
王坤明^3, ,,
王宗起³,
张英利³,
王刚³,
武昱东³

1.
中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
2.
中国地质调查局, 北京 100037
3.
中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所/自然资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室, 北京 100037

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目《陕西紫阳镁铁质岩墙群矿物学、同位素地球化学特征及其对岩浆源区环境的指示》 41602061

中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目《我国青藏高原周缘三叠系中锂等能源金属的成矿机制研究》 JYY-WF201814

详细信息

作者简介:
许光(1984-), 男, 在读博士生, 工程师, 从事构造地质学研究。E-mail:249370720@qq.com

通讯作者:
王坤明(1984-)，男，博士，助理研究员，从事矿产普查与勘探研究。E-mail:kunming12345678@163.com

中图分类号: P588.1;P597⁺.3
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-04-01
- 修回日期: 2018-05-19
- 网络出版日期: 2023-08-15
- 刊出日期: 2018-06-30

Geochemistry and geohronology of Hualicun mafic rocks in North Daba Mountain and tectonic control

1.
School of Earth Sciences and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2.
China Geological Survey, Beijing 100037, China
3.
MNR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment/Institute of Mineral Resources, CAGS, Beijing 100037, China

摘要

摘要:
北大巴山岚皋花栎村镁铁质岩为一套辉绿岩、辉长辉绿岩、辉绿玢岩和辉长岩组合，主要组成矿物为单斜辉石、长石，副矿物主要为铁钛氧化物等。镁铁质岩地球化学特征表现为高TiO₂（2.26%~7.30%）、TFe₂O₃（11.17%~17.0%）、较低的MgO（2.96%~5.52%）及较高的全碱含量（K₂O+Na₂O=3.07%~6.76%），属于典型的碱性辉长岩系列，Mg^#值（36~42）较高，表明岩体来源于高度演化的岩浆。微量元素特征显示富集大离子亲石元素Ba、Pb，稀土元素配分曲线显示明显的轻稀土元素富集特征（La_N/Yb_N=9.34~13.05），微量和稀土元素综合显示似洋岛玄武岩的地球化学特征。花栎村镁铁质岩LA-ICP-MS锆石年龄为436.9±2.4Ma，与相邻地区岩体形成年代一致，综合限定北大巴山地区岩浆活动时代为早志留世。岩体表现为EMⅠ、EMⅡ和少量HIMU的混和富集地幔源区特征及地幔柱源区特征，地幔动力学分析表明，早志留世或之前北大巴山地区可能存在一期与俯冲相关的弧后拉张作用导致下部岩浆上涌侵位，最终完成该区岩浆作用。
- 花栎村镁铁质岩 /
- LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄 /
- 地球化学 /
- 构造环境
Abstract:
Hualicun mafic rocks are exposed in Langao County, Shaanxi Province. They are dominated by diabase-porphyrite, gabbro-diabase, diabase, and gabbro. The main minerals are clionopyroxene and plagioclase, and the accessory minerals are Fe-Ti oxides. Major elements show high TiO₂ (2.26%~7.30%), high TFe₂O₃ (11.17%~17.0%), low MgO (2.96%~5.52%), and high alkaline content(K₂O+Na₂O=3.07%~6.76%), thus belonging to alkaline gabbro series. Mg^# (36~42) of Hualicun mafic rocks suggest that they possibly originated from an extremely evolved magma. Primitive mantle-normalized multi-element patterns show enrichment of Ba and Pb for large ion lithophile elements, and depletion of K. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns display LREE enrichment (La_N/Yb_N=9.34~13.05), and normalized patterns for trace elements and REE similar to features of typical OIB. Detailed LA-ICPMS zircon U-Pb dating yielded emplacement ages of 436.9±2.4Ma, corresponding to the age of regional mafic rock and indicating that regional magma occurred in early Silurian. The enriched mantle characteristics for Hualicun mafic rocks suggest that mafic rocks in the North Daba Mountain were derived from a mixture of EMⅠ, EMⅡ and a small amount of HIMU components. Furthermore, the mantle geodynamic analysis of Hualicun mafic rocks that occurred in the Silurian or earlier period indicates an extension related to subduction and uplift of magma.
- Hualicun mafic rocks /
- LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb chronology /
- geochemistry /
- tectonic setting

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致谢: 岩石地球化学数据分析得到国家地质实验中心邓月金和马天芳老师的大力支持和热心帮助；审稿专家提出了诸多宝贵的修改意见，在此一并谨致谢忱。

图 1 秦岭大地构造简图（a，据参考文献[2]修改）和花栎村地区镁铁质岩分布（b，据参考文献[3]修改）

1—寒武系毛坝关组；2—寒武系八卦庙组；3—寒武系黑水河组；4—奥陶系高桥组；5—奥陶系权河口组；6—志留系斑鸠关组；7—志留系五峡河组；8—奥陶系二道桥组；9—元古宇；10—镁铁质岩脉；11—正长岩；12—火山杂岩；13—断层；14—采样位置；15—地名

Figure 1. Simplified tectonic map of the Qinling orogenic belt (a) and geological map of Hualicun maifc rocks (b)

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图 2 花栎村镁铁质岩主要岩石类型镜下照片（正交偏光）

a—辉绿岩及嵌晶含长结构；b—辉绿玢岩及斑状结构；c—辉长辉绿岩；d—辉长岩及辉长结构；Cpx—单斜辉石; Pl—斜长石

Figure 2. Micrographs of Hualicun mafic rocks

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图 3 花栎村镁铁质岩SiO₂-(Na₂O+K₂O)图解

Figure 3. The SiO₂-(Na₂O+K₂O) diagram of Hualicun mafic rocks

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图 4 花栎村镁铁质岩微量元素原始地幔标准化图解（a）和稀土元素球粒陨石标准化图解（b）

E-MORB—富集大洋中脊玄武；N-MORB—正常大洋中脊玄武岩；OIB—洋岛玄武岩

Figure 4. Primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns (a) and chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns of the Hualicun mafic rocks (b)

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图 5 花栎村辉绿岩锆石U-Pb年龄谐和图(a)及阴极发光图像(b)

Figure 5. U-Pb ages concordia diagrams (a) and cathodoluminescence images (b) of the zircons from diabase of the Hualicun mafic rocks

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图 6 花栎村镁铁质岩Nb/Th-Zr/Nb(a)和Zr/Y-Nb/Y(b)图解^[20]

PM—原始地幔；UC—上地壳；DM—亏损地幔；HIMU—高U/Pb地幔源；EMⅠ—富集地幔Ⅰ；EMⅡ—富集地幔Ⅱ；HIMU-EMⅠ—高(U/Pb)地幔源与富集地幔Ⅰ混合源区；ARC—弧相关玄武岩，N-MORB—正常大洋中脊玄武岩；OIB—洋岛玄武岩；DEP—深部亏损地幔；EN—富集组分；REC—循环组分

Figure 6. Nb/Th versus Zr/Nb(a) and Zr/Y versus Nb/Y(b) diagrams for Hualicun mafic rocks

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表 1 花砾村镁铁质岩主量、微量和稀土元素组成

Table 1 Major, trace and rare earth element concentrations of Hualicun mafic rocks

元素	11HLC1	11HLC2	11HLC9	11HLC17	11HLC19	11HLC22
元素	辉长岩	辉绿玢岩	辉绿玢岩	辉绿岩	辉长辉绿岩	辉绿岩
SiO₂	42.26	42.31	41.04	44.26	51.43	49.52
TiO₂	5.42	5.22	7.30	4.70	2.26	2.72
Al₂O₃	14.00	13.89	13.27	13.79	16.63	16.16
TFe₂O₃	15.49	15.02	17.00	14.61	9.88	11.17
MnO	0.20	0.18	0.26	0.22	0.20	0.23
MgO	5.52	5.52	4.88	5.24	2.96	3.87
CaO	10.91	10.93	8.87	10.28	6.78	6.72
Na₂O	3.00	3.00	3.39	2.77	5.32	5.13
K₂O	0.07	0.08	0.33	1.10	1.44	1.02
P₂O₅	0.43	0.44	0.69	0.61	0.92	1.07
烧失量	2.59	2.37	2.48	1.71	1.83	1.93
总计	99.89	98.96	99.51	99.29	99.65	99.54
K₂O+Na₂O	3.07	3.08	3.72	3.87	6.76	6.15
Mg^#	0.41	0.42	0.36	0.42	0.37	0.41
La	23.30	23.10	33.10	30.20	51.30	46.40
Ce	53.00	53.20	74.60	68.90	119.00	105.00
Pr	6.99	7.10	9.77	9.02	14.50	13.40
Nd	31.40	32.30	43.20	40.20	61.70	58.70
Sm	6.95	6.89	8.79	8.99	12.80	12.30
Eu	2.97	3.28	4.00	3.24	4.34	4.26
Gd	6.61	6.64	8.50	8.83	12.50	11.70
Tb	0.92	0.90	1.18	1.29	1.82	1.65
Dy	4.67	4.76	6.16	6.90	9.76	8.84
Ho	0.83	0.83	1.05	1.23	1.71	1.57
Er	2.16	2.18	2.73	3.39	4.87	4.31
Tm	0.23	0.25	0.32	0.38	0.56	0.50
Yb	1.43	1.47	1.82	2.32	3.41	2.93
Lu	0.20	0.20	0.25	0.33	0.48	0.42
Y	20.60	20.40	26.60	31.50	45.80	40.80
Zr	121.00	129.00	178.00	206.00	358.00	284.00
Hf	4.00	4.36	5.25	5.94	8.81	7.17
Li	25.90	23.90	28.10	19.40	13.60	17.30
V	549.00	501.00	518.00	445.00	116.00	186.00
Sc	36.00	34.90	31.10	28.00	11.90	13.10
Cr	7.04	4.53	9.31	5.30	6.19	7.66
Co	62.60	50.80	52.90	43.80	16.80	26.20
Ni	20.30	14.80	11.20	8.53	3.66	4.72
Cu	35.90	24.60	16.10	22.10	7.88	10.80
Ga	24.00	25.00	25.60	24.90	29.00	24.10
Rb	1.80	2.11	5.80	44.80	40.70	32.20
Sr	1586.00	4614.00	1776.00	1139.00	720.00	874.00
Nb	24.80	26.90	34.40	40.60	53.30	46.20
Cs	1.39	1.49	0.53	8.05	3.02	2.17
Ba	134.00	121.00	468.00	508.00	553.00	470.00
Ta	1.55	1.73	2.21	2.24	3.17	2.62
Pb	1.54	1.75	1.24	3.20	2.27	2.34
Th	1.99	2.12	2.76	2.59	5.41	4.58
U	0.48	0.50	0.64	0.67	1.33	1.12
P	1876.78	1920.42	3011.57	2662.41	4015.43	4670.12
K	581.09	664.10	2739.43	9131.43	11953.87	8467.33
Ti	32492.90	31293.90	43763.50	28176.50	13548.70	16306.40
Nb/Th	12.46	12.69	12.46	15.68	9.85	10.09
Zr/Nb	4.88	4.80	5.17	5.07	6.72	6.15
Zr/Y	5.87	6.32	6.69	6.54	7.82	6.96
Nb/Y	1.20	1.32	1.29	1.29	1.16	1.13
Th_N/Nb_N	0.67	0.66	0.67	0.54	0.85	0.83
La/Nb	0.94	0.86	0.96	0.74	0.96	1.00
ΣLREE	124.61	125.87	173.46	160.55	263.64	240.06
ΣHREE	17.05	17.23	22.01	24.67	35.11	31.92
ΣLREE/ΣHREE	7.31	7.31	7.88	6.51	7.51	7.52
La_N/Yb_N	11.69	11.27	13.05	9.34	10.79	11.36
(La/Sm)_N	2.16	2.16	2.43	2.17	2.59	2.44
(Gd/Lu)_N	4.09	4.10	4.20	3.31	3.22	3.44
δEu	1.32	1.46	1.40	1.10	1.04	1.07
注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量为10^-6

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表 2 花栋村镁铁质岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb年龄测试结果

Table 2 The LA-ICP-MS zircons U-Th-Pb data of Hualicun mafic rocks

测点	含量/10^-6		Th/U	同位素比值						年龄/Ma
测点	Th	U	Th/U	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁶Pb	1σ	²⁰⁷Pb/²³⁵U	1σ	²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U	1σ
11HLC25-1	3915	848	4.62	0.0563	0.0002	0.5657	0.0032	0.0729	0.0003	463	6	455	2	453	2
11HLC25-3	1330	535	2.48	0.0561	0.0002	0.5480	0.0029	0.0708	0.0003	457	6	444	2	441	2
11HLC25-4	4071	1418	2.87	0.0576	0.0001	0.5628	0.0026	0.0708	0.0003	516	5	453	2	441	2
11HLC25-5	3489	672	5.20	0.0571	0.0003	0.5592	0.0044	0.0709	0.0003	496	10	451	3	442	2
11HLC25-6	1900	618	3.08	0.0558	0.0002	0.5441	0.0032	0.0707	0.0004	444	6	441	2	441	2
11HLC25-7	4342	848	5.12	0.0562	0.0002	0.5518	0.0035	0.0712	0.0004	460	6	446	2	443	2
11HLC25-8	3308	916	3.61	0.0563	0.0002	0.5509	0.0038	0.0709	0.0005	465	7	446	2	442	3
11HLC25-9	1756	578	3.03	0.0556	0.0002	0.5426	0.0052	0.0707	0.0007	438	10	440	3	441	4
11HLC25-10	985	443	2.22	0.0565	0.0002	0.5514	0.0052	0.0708	0.0006	473	9	446	3	441	4
11HLC25-11	2133	626	3.41	0.0557	0.0002	0.5445	0.0052	0.0709	0.0006	439	10	441	3	442	4
11HLC25-12	1738	683	2.54	0.0556	0.0002	0.5435	0.0052	0.0709	0.0006	436	9	441	3	441	4
11HLC25-13	2263	747	3.03	0.0559	0.0002	0.5443	0.0045	0.0707	0.0006	447	8	441	3	440	3
11HLC25-14	622	251	2.48	0.0555	0.0003	0.5309	0.0057	0.0694	0.0007	433	11	432	4	433	4
11HLC25-15	3668	990	3.70	0.0562	0.0002	0.5505	0.0062	0.0710	0.0008	462	11	445	4	442	5
11HLC25-17	1063	425	2.50	0.0557	0.0002	0.5375	0.0039	0.0700	0.0005	439	7	437	3	436	3
11HLC25-18	2353	710	3.31	0.0558	0.0002	0.5434	0.0039	0.0707	0.0005	444	7	441	3	440	3
11HLC25-19	1932	662	2.92	0.0562	0.0002	0.5483	0.0044	0.0708	0.0005	460	8	444	3	441	3
11HLC25-20	1439	557	2.59	0.0559	0.0002	0.5402	0.0038	0.0702	0.0004	446	7	439	2	437	3
11HLC25-21	1158	462	2.50	0.0559	0.0002	0.5377	0.0046	0.0697	0.0005	450	8	437	3	434	3
11HLC25-22	1829	604	3.03	0.0559	0.0002	0.5357	0.0034	0.0695	0.0004	448	6	436	2	433	2
11HLC25-23	1981	391	5.06	0.0554	0.0002	0.5288	0.0026	0.0692	0.0002	430	6	431	2	431	1
11HLC25-24	1424	490	2.91	0.0571	0.0003	0.5545	0.0033	0.0705	0.0002	494	7	448	2	439	1
11HLC25-25	633	262	2.41	0.0554	0.0003	0.5264	0.0030	0.0689	0.0002	429	7	429	2	429	1
11HLC25-26	1009	381	2.65	0.0554	0.0002	0.5346	0.0026	0.0700	0.0002	429	6	435	2	436	1
11HLC25-27	1052	394	2.67	0.0555	0.0002	0.5399	0.0027	0.0705	0.0002	434	6	438	2	439	1
11HLC25-28	1107	400	2.77	0.0555	0.0003	0.5259	0.0028	0.0687	0.0002	434	6	429	2	428	1
11HLC25-29	5773	1165	4.96	0.0563	0.0002	0.5593	0.0022	0.0720	0.0002	466	4	451	1	448	1
11HLC25-30	2052	665	3.08	0.0558	0.0002	0.5390	0.0025	0.0700	0.0002	446	5	438	2	436	1

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表 3 北大巴山区域镁铁质岩锆石U

Table 3 zircon U-Pb ages for regional mafic rock in North Daba Mountains

位置	岩性	测试方法	年龄值	参考文献
岚皋花栎村	辉绿岩	LA-ICP-MS	436.9±2.4Ma	本文
紫阳许河	辉石闪长岩	SIMS U-Pb	438.4±3.1Ma	[12]
镇坪	辉绿岩	SHRIMP U-Pb	439±6Ma	[11]
紫阳高滩	辉长岩	LA-ICP-MS	437.7±2.3Ma	[10]
高滩-岚皋	基性岩墙	LA-ICP-MS	431±3.2Ma	[1]
紫阳-岚皋	镁铁质岩脉	LA-ICP-MS	433.3±4.1Ma	[9]
紫阳高滩	辉绿岩	辉石Ar-Ar	471.4~431.9Ma	[7]
紫阳-岚皋	辉绿玢岩	⁴⁰K-⁴⁰Ar	471.4±23.2Ma	[6]

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