北祁连甘肃毛藏寺铜-钼矿床花岗质岩石锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学特征及其地质意义

    Zircon U-Pb age, geochemical characteristics and geo-logical significance of granitoids in the Maozangsi deposit, Northern Qilian Mountain

    • 摘要: 甘肃毛藏寺铜钼矿是与花岗质岩石有关的斑岩型矿床,矿区内花岗质岩石类型主要为似斑状二长花岗岩和花岗闪长岩。对矿区岩体进行年龄、地球化学研究,以约束其形成时代,并探讨岩石成因及其与成矿的关系。LA-ICP-MS锆石UPb测年分别获得似斑状二长花岗岩与花岗闪长岩谐和年龄为455.8±3.1Ma和425.0±2.8Ma,属于晚奥陶世和晚志留世岩浆活动的产物。地球化学数据显示,似斑状二长花岗岩属于过铝质钙碱性岩浆系列,花岗闪长岩属于准铝质高钾钙碱性岩浆系列,二者均富集大离子亲石元素,亏损高场强元素,稀土元素配分曲线呈右倾型,轻、重稀土元素分馏明显。似斑状二长花岗岩具有弱正Eu异常(δEu=1.18~1.24),显示埃达克岩的地球化学特征,形成于北祁连洋俯冲消减阶段,由俯冲洋壳(含海洋沉积物)部分熔融形成,源区主要残留物为石榴子石。花岗闪长岩显示弱负Eu异常,形成于碰撞后伸展环境,是洋壳板片断离后软流圈上涌诱发的下地壳玄武质岩石部分熔融的产物。似斑状二长花岗岩符合成矿期埃达克岩特征,具有较好的成矿条件。结合前人资料,在北祁连东段寻找和勘查与埃达克岩有关的铜-钼-金矿可能是一个新的方向。

       

      Abstract: The Maozangsi Cu-Mo deposit in Gansu is a porphyry type deposit related to granitoids. Maozangsi granitoids are com-posed of porphyritoid monzogranite and granodiorite. In this paper, zircon U-Pb dating and geochemical study of the Maozangsi granitoids were conducted to constrain its geochronology and discuss petrogenesis and its relationship with mineralization. Zircon LA-ICP-MS dating yielded concordant ages of 455.8±3.1Ma and 425.0±2.8Ma respectively, indicating that the two plutons were formed in Late Ordovician and late Silurian respectively. Geochemical data show that porphyritoid monzogranite is a peraluminous granite and belongs to the calc-alkaline series, whereas granodiorite is a aluminous granite and belongs to the high-K calc-alkaline series. They are characterized by enrichment of LILEs and depletion of HFSEs, with REE patterns exhibiting the right-deviation type and strong fractionation with LREE enrichment. The porphyritoid monzogranite show weak positive Eu anomalies (δEu=1.18~1.24) and geochemical affinity to adakite, probably resulting from the slab melting (including marine sediments) of the subduction of North Qilian Ocean with the residual minerals of garnet in the source. The granodiorite shows weak negative Eu anomalies and was generated in a post-collisional extension setting and derived from partial melting of basaltic rocks in the lower crust induced by asthe-nosphere after the breakup of previously subducted North Qilian oceanic slab. The features of porphyritoid monzogranite are in ac-cordance with the characteristics of ore-forming period adakitic rocks and thus suggest good mineralization conditions. In combina-tion with data obtained from previous studies, the authors hold that it is possible to find Cu-Mo-Au deposits related to adakites in the eastern section of the Northern Qilian Mountain.

       

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