Assessment of potential of the Maniitsoq Ni-Cu deposit in Greenland
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摘要:
麻利索克（Maniitsoq）位于格陵兰首府努克以北约160km处，是近年新发现的超大型高品位镍铜矿床。北美镍业公司对该矿床进行了一系列的勘查活动，累计施工钻探29840m，其中MQ-16-117钻孔268.70~342.75m段长74.05m的岩心中，Ni含量1.08%，Cu含量0.54%。由于中国科技界和企业对走出去参与格陵兰地区的矿产勘查开发甚感兴趣，因此系统研究该矿床的地质特征与资源潜力很有必要。全面收集、分析了该矿床的有关资料，并和中国的金川镍矿进行对比，结果显示，麻利索克镍铜矿为"小岩体成大矿"的典型代表，属于深部"熔离-贯入成矿"成矿机制；根据以往的勘查资料，评价其镍的金属量为195×104t，为世界级规模，建议中国企业重点关注。
Abstract:The Maniitsoq deposit is located about 160km north of Nuuk, the capital of Greenland. The deposit is a very large highgrade nickel-copper deposit discovered in recent years. The mine owners North American Nickel Company has carried out a series of exploration activities in the deposit, the cumulative drilling has reached 29840m, of which a 74.05m long core at he depth of 268.70~342.75m in MQ-16-117 drill hole has nickel content of 1.08% and copper content of 0.54%. As the Chinese scientists and enterprises are very interested in going abroad to participate in mineral exploration and development of Greenland area, the systematic understanding of geological characteristics of the deposit and resource potential is extremely necessary. The authors comprehensively collected and analyzed the relevant data of the deposit, and compared it with China's Jinchuan nickel ore deposit. The results show that the Maisuoke nickel-copper deposit is a "small rock body forming a large deposit" and a typical representative of the "deep liqua-tion-injection mineralization" ore-forming mechanism. Based on the previous survey data, the authors hold that the metal content of the nickel is 19.5 million tons, which has reached the world class scale, and the Chinese enterprises should pay due attention to this situation.
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Keywords:
- Maniitsoq /
- Greenland /
- nickel copper deposit /
- potential evaluation
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致谢: 成文过程中得到中国地质大学(北京)彭润民教授的支持和帮助，审稿专家提出了宝贵的修改建议，在此一并表示衷心的感谢。
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图 3 麻利索克镍铜矿床成矿模式图(据参考文献[6]修改)
a—浅部成矿模式图；b—深部成矿模式图
Figure 3. The mineralized model of the maniitsoq deposit
表 1 麻利索克与金川超大型岩浆铜-镍-铂族金属硫化物矿床地质特征对比
Table 1 Geological comparative study of two Ni-Cu-Co sulfide deposits of Maniitsoq and Jinchuan
矿床名称 麻利索克矿床 金川矿床 构造环境 格林兰西南部太古宙片麻岩基底中 中朝地台与元古宙海之间的裂谷带中 成
岩成
特成
征岩体分布 格陵兰西南部苏长岩侵入带中 沿推覆大断裂上盘呈带状分布 规模 勘查中 1.34km2，岩墙状，长6500m，宽几米至500m 岩浆系列 科马提岩系列、玄武岩系列 拉斑玄武岩系列 岩石组合 橄榄岩、苏长岩、镁铁质辉长岩和富镁闪长岩。粒度多数为中等粒度到中粗粒度 二辉橄榄岩、斜长二辉橄榄岩、橄榄二辉岩、二辉岩、纯橄榄岩，粒度为中细粒相-中粗粒相-中粒相呈依次侵入的顺序 围岩 片麻岩、角闪岩及一些年轻的花岗岩侵入体 顶板为花岗片麻岩、混合岩、斜长角闪岩、大理岩。底板为大理岩、黑云母片麻岩等 成岩时代 2500~3000Ma 1477.4~1539.4Ma 矿成
床成
特成
征矿体分布 苏长岩带以点状产出 在区域上岩带成点状单独产出 矿石类型 半块状矿石、块状矿石、角砾状矿石、浸染状矿石、网脉状矿石、气孔状矿石 浸染状矿石、海绵陨铁状矿石、块状矿石，稠密浸染状、脉状、块状矿石、云雾状 主要金属矿物 镍黄铁矿、磁黄铁矿、黄铁矿和黄铜矿 磁黄铁矿、镍黄铁矿、黄铜矿、方黄铜矿、马基诺狂、墨铜矿、紫硫镍铁矿、褐硫钾镍铁矿等 平均Cu· Ni（Co）·PGE Cu· Ni（Co）·PGE 成矿元素组合及其特点 0.83% Ni、0.224% Cu、0.03% Co 1.06% Ni、0.73% Cu、0.02%~0.05% Co Ni/Cu=1.46 成矿机制 深部熔离-裂隙贯入式 就地熔离矿体、深熔-贯入矿体、晚期贯入矿体、接触交代矿体、热液叠加矿体 资料来源 [2-4, 6, 11, 13, 16] [28-33] 
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