Characteristics of the Paleozoic metabasite in Baoshan Terrane:Implications for the tectonic evolution
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摘要:
保山地体位于青藏高原东南缘。有关保山地体的岩浆作用研究大多集中在中生代及新生代，针对古生代岩浆作用的讨论较少。对云南省保山邦迈地区蒲满哨群中变质基性岩的锆石U-Pb年代学、地球化学及Sm-Nd同位素组成进行了研究。这些变质基性岩可分为2组：一组为斜长角闪岩，另一组为黑云斜长角闪岩。锆石U-Pb测年结果表明，斜长角闪岩的形成时代为536.7Ma，黑云斜长角闪岩的形成时代为532.0Ma。地球化学特征显示，斜长角闪岩的原岩为玄武安山岩，黑云斜长角闪岩的原岩为碱性玄武岩。稀土和微量元素配分曲线及多种构造环境判别图解显示，二者分别具有富集型大洋中脊玄武岩和洋岛玄武岩的地球化学特征。结合区域大地构造背景认为，保山地体邦迈变质基性岩为洋脊俯冲的产物。在新元古末期-早古生代，保山地体与拉萨地体、喜马拉雅地体等类似，皆位于冈瓦纳大陆边缘，且共同经历了增生造山过程。
Abstract:The Baoshan Terrane is located on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Previous studies of the magmatism of the Baoshan Terrane were mainly focused on the Mesozoic and Cenozoic periods, whereas the study of the Paleozoic magmatism was relatively insufficient. In this paper, zircon U-Pb geochronology, geochemistry and Sm-Nd isotopes are presented for metabasite of Pumanshao Group in Bangmai area, Baoshan, Yunnan Province. The metabasites can be divided into two groups:amphibolite and biotite-plagioclase amphibolite. Zircon U-Pb geochronologic study shows that the two groups were formed at 536.7Ma and 532.0Ma, respectively. Geochemical characteristics indicate that the protolith of amphibolite was basaltic andesites and that of biotite-plagioclase amphibolite was alkaline basalt. REE and trace element distribution and diagrams for discriminating the tectonic settings reveal that the two groups have geochemical features of E-MORB and OIB, respectively. Combined with the regional tectonic setting, the authors hold that metabasites are products of Proto-Tethyan ridge subduction. During Late Neoproterozoic-Early Paleozoic, like things in the Lasha and Himalaya terranes, the Baoshan Terrane was situated on the margin of Gondwana too and experienced accre-tionary orogeny.
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Keywords:
- southeastern Tibetan Plateau /
- Baoshan Terrane /
- Early Paleozoic /
- metabasite /
- accretion /
- Gondwana
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致谢: 感谢中国地质科学院地质研究所李源、杨红博士的宝贵意见。
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图 1 云南保山—潞西地区地质简图及采样位置
IND—印度板块；INC—印支地块；TC—腾冲地体；BS—保山地体；SM—思茅地体；SC—华南地块；TM—塔里木地块
Figure 1. Geolgical map of Baoshan and Luxi areas in Yunnan Province, showing sampling locations
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图 2 保山邦迈地区变质基性岩野外（a、b）及显微照片（c、d）
Bt—黑云母；Hb—角闪石；Pl—斜长石
Figure 2. Field photos(a, b)and typical micrographphotos(c, d) of metabasite in Bangmai area, Baoshan
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图 3 变质基性岩典型锆石阴极发光图像及对应206Pb/238U年龄（a）和U-Pb年龄谐和图（b、c）
Figure 3. Cathodoluminescence images showing 206Pb/238U ages of representative zircons (a) and U-Pb concordia diagrams (b, c) of zircons for metabasite samples
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图 4 变质基性岩的稀土元素配分曲线（a）和微量元素蛛网图（b）（原始地幔和球粒陨石标准值据参考文献[50]）
E-MORB—富集型大洋中脊玄武岩；N-MORB—正常大洋中脊玄武岩；OIB—洋岛玄武岩
Figure 4. REE abundance patterns(a) and trace element spider diagram (b) of the metabasites
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图 6 变质基性岩构造环境判别图解
a—Nb-Zr-Y图解[54]；b—Ti-Zr-Y图解[52]；c—Hf-Th-Ta图解[55]；d—Zr-Ti图解[56]；e—Nb/Yb-Th/Yb图解[57]；f、g—不活动元素对数图解[58]。CAB—陆缘弧玄武岩；IAB—岛弧玄武岩；IAT—岛弧拉斑玄武岩；MORB—洋中脊玄武岩；VAB—火山岛弧玄武岩；WPA—板内碱性玄武岩；WPB—板内玄武岩；WPT—板内拉斑玄武岩。f图中的DF1=0.3518ln(La/Th)+0.6013ln(Sm/Th)-1.3450ln(Yb/Th)+2.1056ln(Nb/Th)-5.4763，DF2=-0.3050ln(La/Th)-1.1801ln(Sm/Th)+1.6189ln(Yb/Th)+1.2260ln(Nb/Th)-0.9944；g图中的DF1=-0.5558ln(La/Th)-1.4260ln(Sm/Th)+2.2935ln(Yb/Th)-0.6890ln(Nb/Th)+4.1422，DF2=-0.9207ln(La/Th)+3.6520ln(Sm/Th)-1.9866ln(Yb/Th)+1.0574ln(Nb/Th)-4.4283
Figure 6. Tectonic discrimination diagrams of the metabasites
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图 7 变质基性岩的SiO2-εNd(t)(a)和Nd-εNd(t)(b)图解
Figure 7. SiO2-εNd(t) (a) and Nd-εNd(t)(b) diagrams of the metabasites
表 1 保山邦迈变质基性岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb测年分析结果
Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb dating results of the metabasites of Bangmai area, Baoshan
样品 U/10-6 Th/10-6 Th/U 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 比值 误差 比值 误差 年龄/Ma 误差/Ma 年龄/Ma 误差/Ma 样品YC241 测点01 293 324 1.10 0.7153 0.0129 0.08696 0.00112 547.9 7.7 537.6 6.6 测点02 1561 659 0.42 0.6931 0.0067 0.08706 0.00072 534.7 4.0 538.1 4.3 测点03 812 227 0.28 0.6901 0.0089 0.08751 0.00089 532.9 5.3 540.8 5.2 测点04 1537 648 0.42 0.6948 0.0061 0.08746 0.00067 535.7 3.6 540.5 4.0 测点05 804 217 0.27 0.7001 0.0068 0.08684 0.00071 538.8 4.1 536.8 4.2 测点06 834 226 0.27 0.7153 0.0063 0.08707 0.00062 547.9 3.7 538.2 3.7 测点07 819 222 0.27 0.7096 0.0066 0.08734 0.00067 544.5 3.9 539.8 4.0 测点08 1768 829 0.47 0.6998 0.0069 0.08637 0.00086 538.7 4.1 534.0 5.1 测点09 1176 489 0.42 0.6893 0.0093 0.08686 0.00131 532.4 5.6 536.9 7.8 测点10 1465 618 0.42 0.6865 0.0067 0.08639 0.00072 530.7 4.0 534.1 4.3 测点11 751 202 0.27 0.7174 0.0085 0.08708 0.00072 549.1 5.0 538.2 4.3 测点12 509 260 0.51 0.6974 0.0077 0.08658 0.00067 537.2 4.6 535.3 4.0 测点13 628 558 0.89 0.6855 0.0096 0.08647 0.00095 530.1 5.8 534.6 5.7 测点14 605 479 0.79 0.6744 0.0080 0.08624 0.00087 523.4 4.9 533.3 5.2 测点15 645 508 0.79 0.6811 0.0075 0.08654 0.00076 527.4 4.5 535.1 4.5 测点16 477 246 0.52 0.7030 0.0089 0.0863 0.0007 540.6 5.3 533.6 4.2 测点17 675 600 0.89 0.6927 0.0103 0.08627 0.00101 534.4 6.2 533.4 6.0 测点18 851 381 0.45 1.7693 0.0122 0.1704 0.0009 1034.3 4.5 1014.1 4.9 测点19 336 28 0.08 0.9493 0.0068 0.1108 0.0006 677.7 3.5 677.6 3.3 测点20 352 60 0.17 1.5980 0.0128 0.1621 0.001 969.4 5.0 968.3 5.6 样品YC3001 测点01 1106 926 0.84 0.6808 0.0129 0.08541 0.00099 527.0 8.0 528.0 6.0 测点02 1012 879 0.87 0.6864 0.0125 0.0854 0.00048 531.0 7.0 528.0 3.0 测点03 429 133 0.31 0.6914 0.0132 0.08608 0.00173 533.6 7.9 532.3 10.2 测点04 1774 834 0.47 0.6894 0.0064 0.08617 0.00065 532.4 3.8 532.9 3.8 测点05 1701 806 0.47 0.6894 0.0086 0.08606 0.00089 532.4 5.2 532.2 5.3 测点06 158 166 1.05 0.6873 0.0135 0.08556 0.00092 531.2 8.1 529.2 5.5 测点07 1465 618 0.42 0.6865 0.0067 0.08639 0.00072 530.7 4.0 534.1 4.3 测点08 1768 829 0.47 0.6998 0.0069 0.08637 0.00086 538.7 4.1 534.0 5.1 测点09 1861 1453 0.78 0.6893 0.0124 0.08648 0.00101 532.0 7.0 535.0 6.0 测点10 915 782 0.85 0.6807 0.0139 0.08649 0.00103 527.0 8.0 535.0 6.0 测点11 1861 877 0.47 0.6967 0.0090 0.08667 0.00086 536.8 5.4 535.8 5.1 测点12 1176 489 0.42 0.6893 0.0093 0.08686 0.00131 532.4 5.6 536.9 7.8 测点13 151 72 0.48 1.3325 0.0108 0.1407 0.0008 860.0 4.7 848.8 4.3 测点14 217 95 0.44 1.4870 0.0122 0.1520 0.0007 925.1 5.0 912.1 4.0 测点15 908 94 0.10 1.5191 0.0086 0.1563 0.0006 938.1 3.5 936.0 3.4 测点16 90 70 0.78 1.5196 0.0152 0.1564 0.0009 938.3 6.1 936.8 4.9 测点17 847 397 0.47 1.8812 0.0123 0.1775 0.0009 1074.5 4.3 1053.3 4.9 
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表 2 保山邦迈地区变质基性岩的主量、微量和稀土元素测试结果
Table 2 Major, trace and rare earth element concentrations of the metabasites in Bangmai area, Baoshan
样品号 YC2411 YC2412 YC2413 YC2414 YC2415 YC2416 YC3001 YC3002 YC3003 YC3004 YC3005 YC3006 SiO2 47.96 48.18 47.90 48.40 48.80 49.23 47.94 48.25 49.06 49.14 48.04 49.03 TiO2 1.71 1.88 1.94 1.86 1.87 1.83 3.03 2.73 2.66 2.57 3.12 2.81 Al2O3 13.81 14.03 13.85 13.82 13.80 13.73 12.94 14.23 13.04 13.08 12.49 12.51 Fe2O3 2.22 2.15 1.86 2.56 2.21 2.79 2.98 3.90 4.24 4.13 2.68 2.21 FeO 13.65 12.84 13.44 12.56 12.74 12.20 11.97 11.93 11.99 11.67 12.78 12.33 MnO 0.45 0.34 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.34 0.55 0.47 0.51 0.54 0.42 0.57 MgO 6.81 6.82 6.82 6.83 6.79 6.62 5.97 4.28 4.55 4.48 5.78 4.51 CaO 11.48 11.50 11.04 11.35 11.67 11.14 9.93 8.95 8.96 9.12 11.05 10.92 Na2O 0.54 0.56 0.54 0.59 0.54 0.50 2.13 2.54 2.24 2.29 1.07 2.24 K2O 0.19 0.32 0.38 0.34 0.21 0.18 0.94 0.51 0.74 0.59 0.87 0.84 P2O5 0.15 0.18 0.18 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.52 0.51 0.58 0.63 0.58 0.42 烧失量 1.08 1.27 1.61 1.26 0.92 1.39 1.22 1.07 1.06 1.58 1.03 1.37 总量 99.90 99.91 99.76 99.90 99.90 99.90 100.12 99.37 99.63 99.82 99.91 99.76 Mg# 45.56 47.01 46.57 46.76 46.95 46.16 43.63 34.27 35.05 35.31 42.08 37.67 La 10.10 10.60 13.30 11.50 10.20 10.80 30.82 40.01 18.72 24.15 42.7 40.71 Ce 22.30 23.00 28.60 24.40 22.20 21.50 62.68 80.78 44.32 49.51 94.86 75.15 Pr 3.36 3.46 4.27 3.62 3.27 3.16 7.72 11.15 6.11 6.89 11.49 10.18 Nd 16.80 17.10 21.10 17.80 16.20 15.90 27.21 46.42 20.85 24.68 42.87 34.09 Sm 4.89 4.80 5.95 4.95 4.51 4.46 8.01 10.57 6.14 7.04 9.37 8.85 Eu 1.80 1.88 1.84 1.80 1.71 1.65 2.29 3.61 1.91 2.06 3.26 3.47 Gd 4.68 4.63 5.57 4.64 4.35 4.28 9.17 11.14 6.45 8.16 8.55 10.11 Tb 0.98 0.95 1.14 0.95 0.89 0.93 1.29 1.87 1.08 1.21 1.42 1.85 Dy 6.88 6.56 7.68 6.54 6.24 5.86 8.73 12.36 5.96 7.56 7.89 10.46 Ho 1.30 1.25 1.46 1.24 1.18 1.04 1.45 2.06 1.07 1.26 1.34 1.73 Er 3.77 3.65 4.20 3.61 3.47 3.05 3.44 4.56 2.55 2.74 2.85 3.64 Tm 0.58 0.56 0.64 0.56 0.53 0.47 0.45 0.58 0.3 0.37 0.35 0.47 Yb 3.70 3.56 4.01 3.53 3.39 3.01 2.58 3.32 1.71 1.67 1.89 2.92 Lu 0.50 0.49 0.54 0.47 0.45 0.41 0.43 0.42 0.23 0.25 0.27 0.35 Sr 121.00 137.00 133.00 132.00 125.00 98.60 559.54 307.09 500.58 246.31 532.92 221.18 K 1586 2665 3146 2814 1718 1478 7803 4234 6143 4898 7222 6973 Rb 6.65 10.60 10.10 12.10 8.57 7.88 25.64 27.08 34.15 35.12 29.46 34.54 Ba 77.80 65.10 86.00 82.30 79.80 86.30 140.42 365.01 214.03 108.42 292.25 105.94 Th 0.91 1.04 1.11 1.08 0.96 0.79 4.64 5.02 5.78 4.65 4.25 5.46 Ta 0.53 0.56 0.61 0.52 0.52 0.45 2.55 1.98 2.43 2.27 2.63 2.45 Nb 8.30 8.57 9.99 8.23 8.24 7.85 38.74 33.03 36.19 34.13 37.76 36.18 Ce 22.30 23.00 28.60 24.40 22.20 21.50 62.68 80.78 44.32 49.51 94.86 75.15 P 655 764 781 746 729 698 2270 2226 2531 2750 2531 1833 Zr 122.50 116.30 118.40 117.00 96.60 117.80 210.64 225.34 205.32 192.07 186.85 237.32 Hf 3.13 3.13 3.22 3.12 2.60 2.94 4.36 6.17 3.91 3.75 5.07 4.95 Sm 4.89 4.80 5.95 4.95 4.51 4.46 8.01 10.57 6.14 7.04 9.37 8.85 Ti 10251 11271 11630 11151 11211 10971 18143 16378 15923 15389 18686 16846 Y 33.80 32.20 38.00 31.60 30.20 30.40 22.09 29.21 21.13 20.13 22.58 22.12 Yb 3.70 3.56 4.01 3.53 3.39 3.01 2.58 3.32 1.71 1.67 1.89 2.92 Sc 50.90 48.00 56.10 48.50 46.10 42.80 20.68 35.42 14.31 24.01 17.37 22.23 Cr 153.00 73.40 69.20 75.70 65.70 75.30 122.96 132.75 98.52 141.19 125.48 125.12 Nb/Yb 2.24 2.41 2.49 2.33 2.43 2.61 15.02 9.95 21.16 20.44 19.98 12.39 Th/Yb 0.25 0.29 0.28 0.31 0.28 0.26 1.80 1.51 3.38 2.78 2.25 1.87 Nb/Y 0.25 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.27 0.26 1.75 1.13 1.71 1.70 1.67 1.64 Zr/Ti2O 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Nb/La 0.82 0.81 0.75 0.72 0.81 0.73 1.26 0.83 1.93 1.41 0.88 0.89 (Th/Ta)PM 0.83 0.90 0.87 0.99 0.90 0.85 0.88 1.22 1.15 0.99 0.78 1.07 (Th/Nb)PM 0.92 1.02 0.93 1.10 0.98 0.84 1.01 1.27 1.34 1.14 0.94 1.27 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量为10-6
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表 3 保山邦迈变质基性岩的Sm-Nd同位素分析结果
Table 3 Sm-Nd isotope compositions of zircon in the metabasites of Bangmai area, Baoshan
样品 年龄/Ma Sm Nd 147Sm/144Nd 143Nd/144Nd 2σ Sm/Nd INd εNd(0) εNd(t) 2σ TDM/Ma TDMC/Ma YC2411 536.7 4.89 16.8 0.175867 0.513003 9 0.291 0.5123846 7.12 8.56 0.18 599 561 YC2412 536.7 4.8 17.1 0.169601 0.512951 5 0.281 0.5123547 6.11 7.98 0.10 693 609 YC2413 536.7 5.95 21.1 0.170380 0.512968 7 0.282 0.5123689 6.44 8.25 0.14 646 586 YC2414 536.7 4.95 17.8 0.168023 0.512956 8 0.278 0.5123652 6.20 8.18 0.16 653 592 YC2415 536.7 4.51 16.2 0.168208 0.512957 6 0.278 0.5123656 6.22 8.19 0.12 652 592 YC3001 532.0 8.01 27.2 0.177864 0.512697 17 0.29 0.512077 1.15 2.43 0.33 1930 1056 YC3002 532.0 10.57 46.4 0.137580 0.512625 12 0.23 0.512145 -0.25 3.77 0.23 1054 948 YC3003 532.0 6.14 20.9 0.177929 0.512692 11 0.29 0.512072 1.05 2.33 0.21 1955 1064 YC3004 532.0 7.04 24.7 0.172350 0.512686 22 0.29 0.512085 0.94 2.60 0.43 1714 1043 YC3005 532.0 9.37 42.9 0.132060 0.512601 10 0.22 0.512141 -0.72 3.68 0.20 1028 955 注：TDM为一阶段年龄；TDMC为二阶段年龄
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云南地质调查局. 1: 25万潞西市幅区域地质报告. 2008.
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