LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb age and petrochemistry of the Samalong diorite in the Duolong metallogenic area of Tibet and its constraint on the metallogenic setting of the porphyry deposits
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摘要:
西藏多龙矿集区是目前班公湖-怒江成矿带内最具潜力的找矿远景区，矿集区内已发现4处大型斑岩铜矿，但其成矿背景尚有争议。通过开展成矿前的萨玛隆闪长岩锆石U-Pb测年、岩石化学分析，结合区域内构造发育序次，对系列斑岩铜矿的成矿背景进行探讨。对萨玛隆闪长岩中进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年，获得23颗锆石的206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值为121.6±1.7 Ma（MSWD=1.9），代表了闪长岩的成岩年龄。萨玛隆闪长岩的全岩岩石化学分析结果显示，该岩石属于中钾富钠岩石，富集轻稀土元素和大离子亲石元素，亏损重稀土元素和高场强元素，具有高Sr、低Y特征，相对富集Cr、Ni等不相容元素，有埃达克岩的亲和性。闪长岩具相对较高的（87Sr/86Sr）i值和较低的（143Nd/144Nd）i值、εNd（t）。全岩岩石化学特征显示，萨玛隆闪长岩起源于下地壳角闪岩相，可能有幔源物质混入。矿区内早期走滑断层切穿萨玛隆闪长岩，指示多龙矿集区内主要控岩-控矿走滑断层可能形成于116~121 Ma，多龙矿集区内系列斑岩铜矿形成于班公湖-怒江洋向北俯冲末期的构造转换阶段。
Abstract:The Duolong ore concentration area is the most favorable potential prospecting area in the Bangong Co-Nujiang metallo-genic belt.Four porphyry Cu-Au deposits have been discovered in the Duolong area, but their metallogenic setting is still in contro-versy.The Samalong diorite is located in the central part of the Duolong area.Combined with the tectono-magmatic activation, the authors studied geochronology and bulk geochemistry of the Samalong diorite so as to constrain the metallogenic setting of the por-phyry deposits.25 zircon samples selected form the Samalong diorite intrusion were analyzed by LA-ICP-MS, which yielded a weighted 206Pb/238U age of 121.6±1.7 Ma (MSWD=1.9, n=23), which represents its intrusive age.According to the bulk petrochemi-cal results, the Samalong diorite intrusion belongs to the middle potassium and sodium-rich magmatic series.The Samalong diorite is also enriched in light rare earth elements and large ion lithophile elements and depleted in heavy rare earth elements and high fieldstrength elements, with high Sr and low Y concentrations, suggesting adakite-like affinity.The high initial 87Sr/86Sr values (0.7056~0.7073) and low initial 143Nd/144Nd (0.5124~0.5125) and εNd(t)(-1.3~0.7) suggest that the Samlong diorite was generated from the lower crust, and its relative high MgO content and incompatible elements (Cr, Ni, etc.) concentrations indicate that there might have been some melt derived from the peridotitic mantle wedge mixed in the source region.The Samalong diorite was cut by the former strike-slip faults, which probably suggests that these later strike-slip faults controlled the formation of the porphyry deposits within 116~121 Ma, and the porphyry deposits in the Duolong ore concentration area were formed within the structural transferring period at the last stage of the northward subduction of Bangong Co-Nujiang Neo-Tethys Ocean.
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致谢: 西藏地质五队李玉彬、李彦波工程师在野外工作中给予帮助，中国地质大学（武汉）地质过程与矿产资源国家重点实验室刘勇胜、周炼、陈海红等老师进行了岩石样品的微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素测试；审稿专家提出了许多宝贵的意见和建议，在此一并表示感谢。
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图 1 多龙矿集区构造背景简图（a）和地质简图（b）
Q—第四系沉积物；N1k—中新统康托组；K1m—下白垩统美日切错组；J2s—中侏罗统色哇组；J1q—下侏罗统曲色组；J1qβ—下侏罗统曲色组玄武岩；J1qν—下侏罗统曲色组辉长岩；T3r—上三叠统日干配错组
Figure 1. Tectonic setting map(a)and geological schematic map of the Duolong ore concentration area (b)
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图 2 萨玛隆闪长岩野外照片（a）和显微照片（b）
Hb—角闪石；Pl—斜长石
Figure 2. Field observation (a) and photomicrograph (b) of the Samalong diorite
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图 3 萨玛隆闪长岩中锆石阴极发光（CL）图像及206Pb/238U年龄
Figure 3. Cathodoluminescence (CL) images and testing ages for zircons from the Samalong diorite
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图 4 萨玛隆闪长岩锆石U-Pb谐和图及206Pb/238U年龄图
Figure 4. U-Pb concordia diagram and 206Pb/238U age plot of the zircons from the Samalong diorite
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图 6 萨玛隆闪长岩的稀土元素配分模式（a）和微量元素蛛网图（b）
（球粒陨石标准化数据据参考文献[29]）
Figure 6. Chondrite-normalized REE (a) and chondrite -normalized trace element patterns (b) for the Samalong diorite
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图 7 萨玛隆闪长岩的Y-Sr/Y图解（a）和Yb-La/Yb图解[30]（b）
（a）—榴辉岩（辉石:石榴子石=50: 50）部分熔融演化曲线；（b）—角闪岩含25%石榴子石的部分熔融（c）—角闪岩含10%石榴子石的部分熔融演化曲线；（d）—角闪岩部分熔融演化曲线
Figure 7. Plots of Sr/Y versus Y (a) and La/Yb versus Yb (b) for the Samalong diorite
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表 1 萨玛隆闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素测试结果
Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircons U-Th-Pb isotopic analyses of the Samalong diorite
测点号 Pb/10-6 Th/10-6 U/10-6 Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb/Ma 年龄1σ 207Pb/235U/Ma 年龄1σ 206Pb/238U/Ma 年龄1σ 1 1.50 23.4 64.8 0.36 0.0990 0.0204 0.2506 0.0501 0.0184 0.0009 1606 427 227 41 117 6 2 4.64 122 191 0.64 0.0837 0.0101 0.2173 0.0257 0.0188 0.0005 1284 247 200 21 120 3 3 2.26 27.2 91.1 0.30 0.0784 0.0106 0.2109 0.0274 0.0195 0.0008 1157 284 194 23 125 5 4 4.01 69.8 167 0.42 0.0777 0.0168 0.1960 0.0416 0.0183 0.0007 1140 474 182 35 117 4 5 4.44 83.3 187 0.45 0.0633 0.0052 0.1587 0.0114 0.0192 0.0005 718 147 150 10 123 3 6 6.69 136 252 0.54 0.0591 0.0061 0.1562 0.0157 0.0192 0.0004 570 233 147 14 122 3 7 5.87 122 238 0.51 0.0648 0.0043 0.1736 0.0107 0.0196 0.0004 766 126 163 9 125 2 8 51.2 568 1043 0.54 0.0499 0.0015 0.2739 0.0082 0.0392 0.0004 190 67 246 7 248 2 9 4.99 89.0 185 0.48 0.0463 0.0037 0.1367 0.0106 0.0214 0.0004 13 175 130 9 137 3 10 3.87 89.2 166 0.54 0.0687 0.0083 0.1765 0.0207 0.0186 0.0006 889 262 165 18 119 3 11 6.09 155 241 0.64 0.0652 0.0047 0.1750 0.0121 0.0201 0.0004 779 144 164 10 128 2 12 4.17 93.3 172 0.54 0.0685 0.0072 0.1831 0.0188 0.0194 0.0004 883 226 171 16 124 3 13 2.15 26.6 98.5 0.27 0.0681 0.0111 0.1684 0.0268 0.0179 0.0007 872 363 158 23 115 4 14 2.65 42.5 109 0.39 0.0707 0.0080 0.1932 0.0213 0.0198 0.0005 948 243 179 18 127 3 15 3.75 92.0 163 0.56 0.0853 0.0057 0.2109 0.0134 0.0186 0.0005 1323 116 194 11 119 3 16 3.30 57.5 144 0.40 0.0667 0.0070 0.1760 0.0178 0.0191 0.0005 830 228 165 15 122 3 17 3.78 81.2 157 0.52 0.0709 0.0065 0.1876 0.0164 0.0192 0.0005 955 193 175 14 123 3 18 3.79 75.3 162 0.46 0.0687 0.0060 0.1784 0.0152 0.0188 0.0004 890 188 167 13 120 3 19 4.12 65.1 178 0.37 0.0635 0.0058 0.1643 0.0146 0.0188 0.0004 726 201 154 13 120 3 20 4.59 87.4 194 0.45 0.0755 0.0058 0.1906 0.0138 0.0190 0.0004 1082 144 177 12 121 2 21 2.65 51.6 114 0.45 0.0524 0.0076 0.1294 0.0185 0.0179 0.0005 303 313 124 17 114 3 22 4.22 99.0 153 0.65 0.0674 0.0074 0.1872 0.0200 0.0201 0.0006 851 240 174 17 128 4 23 3.03 58.3 135 0.43 0.0537 0.0082 0.1326 0.0198 0.0179 0.0005 357 327 126 18 114 3 24 6.71 103 293 0.35 0.0594 0.0045 0.1465 0.0097 0.0188 0.0004 583 141 139 9 120 2 25 6.32 92.7 274 0.34 0.0643 0.0066 0.1573 0.0133 0.0189 0.0004 751 179 148 12 121 3 
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表 2 萨玛隆闪长岩全岩主量、微量元素和Sr-Nd同位素测试结果
Table 2 Whole-rock major, trace element and Sr-Nd isotopic data of the Samlong diorite
样品号 SML-1 SML-2 SML-3 SML-4 SML-5 样品号 SML-1 SML-2 SML-3 SML-4 SML-5 主量元素 微量元素 SiO2 60.42 56.76 59.59 59.22 57.90 Ba 123 141 141 160 159 Al2O3 17.87 16.71 17.09 17.17 16.74 La 12.8 15.4 12.0 10.1 12.3 Fe2O3 1.63 1.07 1.46 1.19 1.50 Ce 28.3 28.8 23.7 19.8 23.3 FeO 3.89 4.17 4.17 4.13 3.90 Pr 3.14 3.49 2.90 2.45 2.86 MnO 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.16 0.18 Nd 12.0 13.5 11.4 10.2 11.4 CaO 1.82 5.15 3.64 4.5 4.34 Sm 2.61 2.90 2.63 2.35 2.59 MgO 3.20 3.10 3.05 2.81 3.02 Eu 0.74 0.85 0.76 0.71 0.79 K2O 0.90 0.97 0.58 0.67 0.88 Gd 2.65 2.61 2.28 2.14 2.39 Na2O 4.54 3.91 4.05 3.96 4.30 Tb 0.42 0.44 0.39 0.36 0.42 TiO2 0.62 0.58 0.58 0.50 0.57 Dy 2.78 2.76 2.43 2.37 2.49 P2O5 0.15 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.14 Ho 0.58 0.57 0.53 0.48 0.55 LOI 3.98 6.34 4.54 5.02 5.54 Er 1.64 1.56 1.52 1.35 1.56 总计 99.2 99.09 99.08 99.46 99.01 Tm 0.25 0.24 0.24 0.20 0.25 K2O/Na2O 0.20 0.25 0.14 0.17 0.20 Yb 1.67 1.65 1.57 1.43 1.55 Mg# 48 48 50 51 49 Lu 0.25 0.26 0.26 0.22 0.25 微量元素 Hf 2.47 2.40 2.38 2.12 2.34 Li 110 84.4 119 109 82.1 Ta 0.52 0.51 0.49 0.40 0.48 Be 0.82 1.05 0.77 0.66 0.76 Tl 0.29 0.28 0.17 0.21 0.25 Sc 16.8 16.6 15.1 13.7 15.5 Pb 126 49.9 63.7 27.3 46.3 V 140 135 134 118 134 Th 3.61 3.73 3.29 2.37 3.21 Cr 38.0 38.3 35.0 24.5 34.7 U 0.86 0.91 0.89 0.61 0.71 Co 14.8 13.0 13.7 12.1 12.6 Sr-Nd同位素 Ni 17.3 16.9 16.6 12.9 17.3 (87Rb/86Sr)m 0.27 0.29 0.15 0.20 0.26 Cu 96.4 49.6 120 70.9 52.2 (87Sr/86Sr)m 0.707728 0.707455 0.706577 0.70637 0.707183 Zn 263 239 250 149 202 （2σ） 0.000004 0.000005 0.000004 0.00000 0.000004 Ga 16.9 16.5 16.5 16.0 16.5 (147Sm/144Nd)m 0.1315 0.1299 0.1396 0.1387 0.1375 Rb 40.9 45.0 23.7 32.4 41.0 (143Nd/144Nd)m 0.512521 0.512566 0.512623 0.51262 0.512587 Sr 456 457 475 475 479 （2σ） 0.000015 0.000007 0.00001 0.00000 0.000008 Y 16.3 16.3 15.2 14.6 15.6 (87Sr/86Sr)i 0.7073 0.7069 0.7063 0.7060 0.7067 Zr 87.2 85.9 84.4 76.3 83.2 (143Nd/144Nd)i 0.5124 0.5125 0.5125 0.5125 0.5125 Nb 7.87 7.81 7.46 6.23 7.36 εNd(0) -2.3 -1.4 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 Mo 0.23 0.14 0.22 0.19 0.18 εNd(t) -1.3 -0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.1 Sn 1.26 1.13 1.97 1.91 1.75 TDM(Ga) 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 Cs 4.25 4.56 4.59 5.77 5.12 注：LOI=烧失量，Mg#=100×Mg2+/(Mg2++TFe2+)(87Sr/86Sr)i=(87Sr/86Sr)sample-87Rb/86Sr (eλt-1)，87Rb/86Sr=Rb/Sr×2.981, λRb-Sr=1.42 × 10-11a-1；(143Nd/144Nd)i=(143Nd/144Nd)sample-(147Sm/144Nd)sample × (eλt-1)，(143Nd/144Nd)CHUR(t) =0.512638-0.1967×(eλt-1)，εNd(t)=[(143Nd/144Nd)sample/(143Nd/144Nd)CHUR(t)-1]×104，TDM=1/λ×ln{1+[((143Nd/144Nd)sample-0.51315)/ ((147Sm/144Nd)sample-0.21317)]}, λSm-Nd=6.54×10-12 a-1, t=121Ma。主量元素含量单位为%，微量元素为10-6
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四川省地质调查院. 1: 250000物玛幅区域地质调查报告. 2006.
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