Geochronology and Lu-Hf isotope of Early Paleozoic Zhuya-Shiban gabbros in Yunkai terrane, South China
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摘要:
华夏地块西段的云开地区出露少量早古生代基性侵入岩，多以小岩株状侵入前寒武纪变质地层或与同期片麻状花岗岩共生，岩石类型主要为辉长岩和苏长辉长岩。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年显示，信宜竹雅和高州石板辉长岩结晶年龄约为445Ma。辉长岩岩石地球化学以富MgO、CaO，相对贫TiO2为特征，具有极低的稀土元素总量（∑REE=20.8×10-6~26.6×10-6），轻稀土元素略微富集，亏损Nb、Zr、Ti、P等高场强元素。锆石εHf（t）均为弱的负值，Hf同位素一阶段模式年龄介于1.1~1.4Ga之间，显示富集地幔源区特征。构造环境分析表明，辉长岩与火山弧玄武岩相似。综合前人研究认为，华夏地块早古生代存在一系列具典型弧火山岩特征的基性岩类，这对早古生代构造运动的认识具有重要的限定作用。
Abstract:Early Paleozoic mafic intrusive rocks in Yunkai terrane commonly occur as small stocks that intruded into pre-Cambrian strata and/or contemporary gneissic granite, with main rock types being gabbro and norite gabbro.The gabbros in Zhuya and Yunlu yielded 206Pb/238U weighted age of ca.445Ma.The gabbros show relatively high MgO, CaO, low TiO2 content, very low ∑REE (20.8×10-6~26.6×10-6), weak enrichment of LREE and strong depletion of HFSE (Nb-Zr-Ti-P).Zircons give negative εHf(t) and TDM model ages from 1.1Ga to 1.4Ga, showing the features of an enriched mantle source.Tectonic setting analysis shows that the gab-bors acted like volcanic arc rocks.Previous studies show many Early Paleozoic mafic rocks in Cathaysia Block with characteristic fin-gerprints of arc volcanic rock features, and hence the Early Paleozoic geotectonic evolution history in Yunkai terrane (even Cathaysia Block) should be reconsidered.
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Keywords:
- gabbro /
- arc volcanic rock /
- Early Paleozoic /
- zircon U-Pb dating /
- Yunkai terrane
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致谢: 中国地质大学（武汉）胡召初教授、陈海红博士在样品测试分析过程中给予了协助，审稿专家提出了宝贵的修改意见，在此一并表示感谢。
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图 2 基性岩宏观（a、b）和微观（c、d）照片
a—竹雅辉长岩；b—石板岩体见晚期伟晶岩脉穿插于辉长岩中；c—竹雅辉长岩微观照片（正交偏光）；d—石板岩体辉长岩微观照片（正交偏光）。Opx—紫苏辉石；Cpx—普通辉石；Hbl—角闪石；Pl—斜长石
Figure 2. Macrophotos (a, b) and microscopic photos (c, d) of gabbros
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图 4 竹雅和石板辉长岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图（a）和微量元素蛛网图（b）
（球粒陨石、初始地幔、富集型大洋中脊玄武岩（E-MORB）、正常型大洋中脊玄武岩（N-MORB）与洋岛玄武岩（OIB）数据据参考文献[15]）
Figure 4. Chondrite-normalized REE patterns(a) and primitive-mantle normalized multielemental spider(b) diagrams of gabbros from Zhuya (1209) and Shiban (1210)
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图 5 竹雅和石板辉长岩锆石U-Pb谐和图及阴极发光（CL）图像
（b、d图中小圈为锆石U-Pb测年点位（25μm），大圈为原位Hf同位素分析点位（44μm）；上下数值分别为206Pb/238U表面年龄和εHf(t)值）
Figure 5. U-Pb concordia plots and CL images of zircons from gabbros in Zhuya and Shiban
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图 7 云开地区早古生代岩浆作用与中高级变质作用锆石U-Pb年龄频数图
（数据据参考文献[1-2, 5, 7-8, 10, 17-23及未发表数据]）
Figure 7. Zircon U-Pb age spectra of Early Paleozoic magmatism and metamorphism of amphibolite and granulite facies in Yunkai area
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表 1 云开地区竹雅和石板辉长岩主量、微量和稀土元素分析数据
Table 1 Major, trace element and REE compositions of gabbros from Zhuya and Shiban in Yunkai area
样号 1209-1 1209-2 1209-3 1209-4 1210-1 1210-2 1210-3 1210-4 信宜竹雅辉长岩 高州石板（苏长）辉长岩 SiO2 52.30 46.59 47.60 42.82 47.50 46.57 47.54 44.33 TiO2 0.28 0.66 0.42 1.19 0.55 0.57 0.51 0.87 Al2O3 5.28 18.36 16.23 16.27 17.38 17.44 17.65 15.51 Fe2O3 2.50 3.66 2.38 5.76 2.12 3.17 2.05 3.45 FeO 9.20 7.00 8.50 10.40 6.48 6.75 7.60 8.45 MnO 0.26 0.15 0.21 0.19 0.15 0.17 0.19 0.21 MgO 19.39 7.45 9.55 7.17 9.40 9.29 9.17 9.81 CaO 8.48 12.16 10.91 12.07 12.45 11.81 12.49 12.88 Na2O 0.56 0.96 0.93 0.84 0.92 0.76 0.76 0.91 K2O 0.20 0.21 0.33 0.32 0.32 0.40 0.22 0.23 P2O5 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.04 LOST 1.78 3.56 4.52 4.29 4.49 4.92 2.28 5.21 Total 100.25 100.78 101.60 101.35 101.79 101.88 100.51 101.90 Mg# 79 65 67 55 72 71 68 67 Sc 68.5 45.2 36.2 43.7 35.1 31.7 30.7 42.4 V 215.0 471.1 272.3 963.1 220.4 264.8 212.3 339.1 Cr 780.1 85.7 165.6 35.6 166.9 179.6 172.6 254.7 Co 95.2 94.8 48.2 70.1 63.5 44.3 45.4 49.9 Ni 289.6 78.8 86.6 40.2 80.7 86.2 78.5 79.1 Cu 150.1 108.0 71.1 140.6 48.7 80.5 76.3 77.3 Zn 77.8 72.1 88.2 90.2 68.1 69.9 79.4 128.1 Ga 7.5 18.8 14.1 18.7 17.0 16.4 16.3 15.3 Rb 10.8 8.9 11.5 11.5 14.0 17.9 7.6 6.6 Sr 33.4 141.6 114.7 146.7 284.9 314.3 301.8 236.1 Y 8.5 7.7 7.8 9.3 6.6 6.4 7.0 11.9 Zr 22.6 19.7 18.8 18.4 17.9 14.2 17.3 13.1 Nb 1.5 2.6 1.4 1.4 2.3 0.9 1.2 1.2 Cs 1.2 1.5 3.5 2.2 2.4 Ba 129.5 81.8 55.9 50.3 28.6 67.2 45.6 38.1 La 3.0 3.5 3.4 3.2 4.1 3.3 4.0 2.7 Cc 6.3 7.3 7.4 7.1 8.1 6.3 8.7 7.0 Pr 0.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.1 Nd 3.8 4.5 4.2 4.6 5.1 4.3 4.9 5.6 Sm 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.7 Eu 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.6 Gd 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.3 2.0 Tb 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 Dy 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.2 1.3 2.3 Ho 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 Er 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.7 1.2 Tm 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 Yb 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8 1.2 Lu 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 Hf 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.6 0.6 Ta 0.2 0.9 0.1 0.1 2.8 0.1 0.1 0.1 Tl 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Pb 2.4 1.4 3.4 3.4 2.7 3.6 3.0 2.1 Th 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.1 0.7 0.5 1.3 0.5 U 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 ∑REE 21.0 23.1 22.6 23.6 24.9 20.8 25.4 26.6 (La/Sm)N 1.9 2.0 1.8 1.6 2.1 1.9 2.0 1.0 (La/Yb)N 2.0 2.8 2.9 2.4 3.7 3.6 3.8 1.6 Eu* 0.8 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 注：主量元素含量单位为%，稀土和微量元素含量单位为10-6；Mg#=100×Mg/(Mg+Fe2+) 
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表 2 云开地区竹雅辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb同位素分析结果
Table 2 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb analytical data of gabbros from Zhuya in Yunkai area
分析点号 含量/10-6 Th/U 同位素比值 同位素年龄/Ma Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1209-1 1469 1406 1.05 0.05637 0.00187 0.2146 0.0067 0.02761 0.00054 467 75 197 6 176 3 1209-2 226 1251 0.18 0.08857 0.00082 2.950 0.030 0.2416 0.0037 1395 18 1395 8 1395 19 1209-3 725 765 0.95 0.05646 0.00131 0.5841 0.0129 0.07504 0.00130 471 53 467 8 466 8 1209-4 714 465 1.54 0.06495 0.00177 1.145 0.029 0.1279 0.0024 773 59 775 14 776 14 1209-5 1325 1361 0.97 0.05053 0.00154 0.1864 0.0054 0.02675 0.00049 219 72 174 5 170 3 1209-6 308 1264 0.24 0.10695 0.00456 2.473 0.098 0.1677 0.0027 1748 80 1264 29 1000 15 1209-7 744 432 1.72 0.05924 0.00241 0.5903 0.0223 0.07228 0.00161 576 91 471 14 450 10 1209-8 947 1722 0.55 0.09141 0.00068 3.182 0.028 0.2525 0.0038 1455 14 1453 7 1451 20 1209-9 1523 814 1.87 0.05582 0.00158 0.5534 0.0147 0.07190 0.00135 445 64 447 10 448 8 1209-10 388 305 1.27 0.05680 0.00270 0.5537 0.0246 0.07071 0.00168 484 108 447 16 440 10 1209-11 305 327 0.93 0.05669 0.00159 0.5540 0.0148 0.07089 0.00132 479 63 448 10 442 8 1209-12 423 308 1.37 0.07743 0.00207 0.7683 0.0190 0.07197 0.00140 1132 54 579 11 448 8 1209-13 525 435 1.21 0.05573 0.00109 0.5504 0.0105 0.07163 0.00121 442 45 445 7 446 7 1209-14 292 227 1.29 0.06770 0.00188 0.6738 0.0176 0.07220 0.00138 859 59 523 11 449 8 1209-15 1428 785 1.82 0.08352 0.00122 0.8210 0.0117 0.07130 0.00119 1281 29 609 7 444 7 1209-16 483 604 0.80 0.04998 0.00201 0.1929 0.0073 0.02800 0.00059 194 95 179 6 178 4 1209-17 237 237 1.00 0.05610 0.00202 0.5520 0.0187 0.07137 0.00148 456 82 446 12 444 9 1209-18 1372 752 1.83 0.06108 0.00130 0.6257 0.0127 0.07430 0.00132 642 47 493 8 462 8 1209-19 250 203 1.23 0.05566 0.00248 0.5408 0.0225 0.07047 0.00163 439 102 439 15 439 10 1209-20 179 186 0.96 0.05556 0.00220 0.5501 0.0206 0.07182 0.00153 435 90 445 13 447 9
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表 3 云开地区石板辉长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb分析结果
Table 3 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Th-Pb analytical data of gabbros from Shiban in Yunkai area
分析点号 含量/10-6 Th/U 同位素比值 同位素年龄/Ma Th U 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 207Pb/206Pb 1σ 207Pb/235U 1σ 206Pb/238U 1σ 1210-1 881 674 1.31 0.05947 0.00120 0.5822 0.0113 0.07104 0.00116 584 45 466 7 442 7 1210-2 2698 3%3 0.68 0.05732 0.00057 0.5726 0.0062 0.07249 0.00107 504 22 460 4 451 6 1210-3 1048 759 1.38 0.06558 0.00151 0.6550 0.0142 0.07248 0.00125 793 49 512 9 451 8 1210-4 2168 2532 0.86 0.05881 0.00070 0.5956 0.0073 0.07348 0.00111 560 27 474 5 457 7 1210-5 427 336 1.27 0.05845 0.00169 0.5624 0.0155 0.06982 0.00123 547 65 453 10 435 7 1210-6 531 411 1.29 0.03024 0.00153 0.2858 0.0143 0.06858 0.00117 -273 68 255 11 428 7 1210-7 380 530 0.72 0.05571 0.00160 0.5349 0.0145 0.06967 0.00126 441 65 435 10 434 8 1210-8 615 530 1.16 0.06036 0.00151 0.5979 0.0142 0.07187 0.00125 617 55 476 9 447 8 1210-9 634 485 1.31 0.05564 0.00150 0.5332 0.0136 0.06952 0.00122 438 61 434 9 433 7 1210-10 581 394 1.47 0.05588 0.00156 0.5479 0.0146 0.07115 0.00126 448 63 444 10 443 8 1210-11 321 255 1.26 0.05545 0.00283 0.5222 0.0248 0.06833 0.00171 430 117 427 17 426 10 1210-12 458 531 0.86 0.05732 0.00121 0.6373 0.0128 0.08068 0.00139 504 48 501 8 500 8 1210-13 291 216 1.35 0.05610 0.00201 0.5706 0.0192 0.07379 0.00149 456 81 458 12 459 9 1210-14 1038 836 1.24 0.05594 0.00112 0.5564 0.0107 0.07217 0.00123 450 46 449 7 449 7 1210-15 191 160 1.19 0.05606 0.00214 0.5648 0.0205 0.07311 0.00148 455 87 455 13 455 9 1210-16 584 550 1.06 0.07502 0.00154 0.7448 0.0143 0.07204 0.00127 1069 42 565 8 448 8 1210-17 689 549 1.25 0.05648 0.00129 0.5862 0.0127 0.07532 0.00133 471 52 468 8 468 8 1210-18 541 548 0.99 0.05643 0.00145 0.5820 0.0141 0.07483 0.00137 469 58 466 9 465 8 1210-19 473 226 2.09 0.05610 0.00237 0.5515 0.0217 0.07133 0.00160 456 96 446 14 444 10 1210-20 362 299 1.21 0.05536 0.00143 0.5109 0.0126 0.06697 0.00120 427 59 419 8 418 7
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表 4 云开地区竹雅和石板辉长岩锆石Lu-Hf同位素组成
Table 4 Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic compositions of gabbros from Zhuya and Shiban in Yunkai area
年龄/M 176Yb/177Hf 176Lu/177Hf 176Hf/177Hf 2σ 176Hf/177Hfi εHf(0) εHf(t) TDM /Ga T2DM/Ga fLu/Hf 1209-3 466 0.019549 0.000787 0.282388 0.000044 0.282381 -13.6 -3.6 1.22 1.67 -0.98 1209-7 450 0.023178 0.000880 0.282415 0.000042 0.282407 -12.6 -3.0 1.18 1.62 -0.97 1209-9 448 0.042697 0.001486 0.282389 0.000039 0.282377 -13.5 -4.1 1.24 1.69 -0.96 1209-12 448 0.021612 0.000868 0.282366 0.000029 0.282359 -14.3 -4.8 1.25 1.73 -0.97 1209-13 446 0.026636 0.000984 0.282364 0.000035 0.282355 -14.4 -4.9 1.26 1.74 -0.97 1209-14 449 0.017491 0.000644 0.282381 0.000036 0.282376 -13.8 -4.1 1.22 1.69 -0.98 1209-15 444 0.038846 0.001271 0.282386 0.000037 0.282376 -13.6 -4.3 1.23 1.70 -0.96 1209-17 444 0.023793 0.000838 0.282440 0.000032 0.282433 -11.7 -2.2 1.14 1.57 -0.97 1209-18 462 0.027732 0.000971 0.282391 0.000030 0.282383 -13.5 -3.6 1.22 1.67 -0.97 1209-19 439 0.026891 0.000985 0.282375 0.000033 0.282367 -14.0 -4.7 1.24 1.72 -0.97 1209-20 447 0.015456 0.000580 0.282374 0.000035 0.282369 -14.1 -4.4 1.23 1.71 -0.98 1210-1 442 0.282331 0.000270 0.008584 0.000082 0.282329 -15.6 -5.9 1.28 1.80 -0.99 1210-2 451 0.282346 0.003443 0.104210 0.002853 0.282317 -15.1 -6.2 1.37 1.82 -0.90 1210-4 457 0.282333 0.000631 0.018892 0.000674 0.282328 -15.5 -5.7 1.29 1.80 -0.98 1210-5 435 0.282289 0.000577 0.018257 0.000475 0.282284 -17.1 -7.7 1.35 1.91 -0.98 1210-7 434 0.282306 0.001595 0.051492 0.003301 0.282293 -16.5 •7.4 1.36 1.89 -0.95 1210-8 447 0.282322 0.000772 0.022515 0.000455 0.282315 -15.9 -6.3 1.31 1.83 -0.98 1210-9 433 0.282325 0.000600 0.018128 0.000739 0.282320 -15.8 -6.5 1.30 1.83 -0.98 1210-10 443 0.282342 0.000400 0.013523 0.000260 0.282339 -15.2 -5.6 1.27 1.78 -0.99 1210-11 426 0.282319 0.000317 0.009780 0.000516 0.282317 -16.0 -6.7 1.29 1.84 -0.99 1210-13 459 0.282323 0.000364 0.012040 0.000355 0.282320 -15.9 -5.9 1.29 1.81 -0.99 1210-14 449 0.282323 0.000906 0.028109 0.001158 0.282315 -15.9 -6.3 1.31 1.83 -0.97 1210-15 445 0.282314 0.000267 0.008719 0.000475 0.282312 -16.2 -6.5 1.30 1.84 -0.99 1210-17 468 0.282331 0.000579 0.017119 0.001275 0.282326 -15.6 •5.5 1.29 1.79 -0.98 1210-18 465 0.282327 0.000966 0.024710 0.000748 0.282319 -15.7 -5.8 1.31 1.81 -0.97 1210-19 444 0.282338 0.000420 0.015472 0.000904 0.282334 -15.3 -5.7 1.27 1.79 -0.99 1210-20 418 0.282319 0.000406 0.014226 0.000721 0.282316 -16.0 -7.0 1.30 1.85 -0.99
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