Abstract: In this paper, geological characteristics of 21 large-superlarge gold deposits in the "One Belt, One Road" region outside China were summarized, and the relationship between the tectonic magma activity and gold mineralization in the process of metallo-genesis was discussed based on the plate tectonic theory. These deposits are spatially distributed mainly in the Central Asia-Mongolia metallogenic domain, the middle and eastern of the Tethys-Himalayan metallogenic domain, and the west of the Circum-Pacific metallogenic domain. Devonian and Carboniferous were the peak epochs of meallogenic activities in the Central Asia-Mongolia metallogenic domain, Late Cretaceous and Early Paleocene were the peak epochs of meallogenic activities in the Tethys-Himalayan metallogenic domain, Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous were the peak epochs of meallogenic activities in the north of western Circum-Pacific metallogenic domain, and Neogene was the peak epoch of meallogenic activities in the south. The environment of gold mineralization was closely related to the orogenic belt and island arc belt formed by the process of the plates' subduction and collision. The "One Belt, One Road" region has enormous potential for gold exploration and exploitation as well as rich gold resources and excellent metallogenic conditions.