Global IAB data excavation: The performance in basalt discrimination diagrams and preliminary interpretation
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摘要:
MORB（洋中脊玄武岩）、OIB（洋岛玄武岩）和IAB（岛弧玄武岩）是学术界最关心的3 种玄武岩类型，其中尤以与板块消减作用有关的岛弧岩浆活动备受关注。岛弧可分为洋内岛弧和大陆边缘岛弧（活动陆缘弧）2 类。对IAB 进行讨论，重点探讨IAB 的识别。IAT（岛弧拉斑玄武岩）和IAB 是前弧、岛弧和后弧岩浆作用的产物，其中，后弧组分更具多样性，它不同于弧后玄武岩，前者属于弧的范围，而后者形成的动力学过程与俯冲系统有关，但其是独立的构造单元，尽管其岩浆作用可能仍受到俯冲流体的影响。前人对IAB 进行了大量研究，提出了多种构造环境判别图解，并得到广泛应用。尝试应用全球玄武岩数据来验证上述判别图的可信度，研究发现，可信度高的判别图不多，且大多与Th、Ta(Nb)和Ti 元素有关的，如Hf-Th-Ta(Nb)、Ti-Zr-Sr 和Th/Yb-Ta/Yb 图，其余判别图的判别效果可信度低且具多解性，建议谨慎使用。IAB 与MORB 和OIB 的区别主要体现在Nb-Ta 亏损的特征上，是否受到俯冲流体的影响是区分IAB 与MORB 和OIB 最重要的标志。
Abstract:MORB, OIB and IAB (arc calc-alkaline basalt) have aroused much interest among geologists, with particular attention paid to igneous activities in island arcs related to plate subduction. Such island arcs can be divided into island arc and continental margin arc (active epicontinental arc). This paper discusses the IAB, mainly focusing on the identification of IAB. The IAT (island arc tholeiite) and the IAB are products of the fore-arc, the island arc and the rear-arc magmatism. Among them, the rear-arc is more diversified in composition and is different from back-arc (back arc):the former belongs to the scope of the arc, while the latter is related to the subduction system in the kinetics of formation; nevertheless, the back-arc is an independent tectonic unit, although its magmatism might still be affected by the subduction metasomatic fluids. Previous researchers made detailed studies of the IAB and put forward a variety of tectonic environment discrimination diagrams which have been widely used. In this paper, the authors tried to apply the global basalt data to verify the credibility of the discriminant figures. However, there only exist very few highly credible discrimination diagrams, and these figures are mostly related to Th, Ta (Nb), and Ti elements, such as the figures of Hf -Th-Ta (Nb), TiZr-Sr and Th/Yb-Ta/Yb, whereas the rest of the discriminant figures are of low credibility and characterized by multiple solutions, and hence should be used prudently. Researches show that the difference between the IAB and MORB, OIB mainly finds expression in the depletion of Nb-Ta, and this suggests that the most important criterion to distinguish the IAB from MORB and OIB is whether they are affected by subduction fluids or not.
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Keywords:
- IAB /
- MORB /
- OIB /
- data excavation /
- discrimination diagram /
- island arc /
- rear arc
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致谢: 研究中得到兰州大学研究生侯克选和马骊的帮助，特此致以衷心的感谢。
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图 1 IAB 和CAB 的TiO2-FeO∗/MgO、Ti-V 和Nb/Y-Ti/Y 判别图
IAB—岛弧玄武岩；CAB—钙碱性玄武岩；MORB—洋中脊玄武岩；IAT—岛弧拉斑玄武岩； OIB—洋岛玄武岩；Thol—拉斑玄武岩；BABB—弧后盆地玄武岩；CFB—大陆溢流玄武岩； ALK—碱性玄武岩；VAB—火山弧玄武岩；WPB—板内玄武岩
Figure 1. Discrimination diagrams of TiO2-FeO∗/MgO,Ti/V 和Ti/Y-Nb/Y for IAB and CAB
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图 16 以马里亚纳弧盆系统为代表的IAB 四组分模式图[29]
Figure 16. Graphical evidence for the four-component model for the Mariana arc-basin system
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图 18 后弧岩浆N-MORB 标准化的微量元素蛛网图
Figure 18. N-MORB normalized primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns of rear-arc magma
表 1 IAB 样品的数据来源与数据量
Table 1 Statistical chart of data sources and data volume of IAB samples
数据来源 所有文献/篇 共下载文献/篇 确定为IAB文献/篇 数据量/个 Aegean Arc 79 37 37 435 Aeolian Arc 122 80 80 1202 Aleutian Arc 149 91 77 475 Banda Arc 24 8 8 197 Bismarck Arc-New Britain Arc 99 55 40 210 Greater Antilles 35 18 13 226 Honshu Arc 649 347 264 1285 Izu-Bonin Arc 243 136 119 1670 Kamchatka Arc 114 77 72 575 Kermadec Arc 35 26 20 27 Kurile Arc 160 93 86 614 Lesser Antilles 134 83 72 625 Luzon Arc 77 34 29 246 Mariana Arc 130 60 40 220 Mexican Volcanic Belts 232 148 105 604 New Hebrides Arc 66 33 26 413 New Zealand 154 107 103 294 Ryukyu Arc 152 81 65 296 Scotia Arc 59 27 17 135 Solomon Island Arc 20 13 12 102 Sulawesi Arc 30 17 15 146 Sunda Arc 112 67 65 663 Tonga Arc 143 66 31 261 Yap Arc 13 5 4 9 共计 3031 1709 1400 10930 
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表 2 IAB、CAB 样品主量、微量和稀土元素含量
Table 2 Major,trace and rare earth element content of IAB and CAB
元素 IAB CAB 数据量 平均值 中位数 ∗ SiO2 7819 51.84 52.02 TiO2 7597 1.01 0.95 0.64 0.98 Al2O3 7526 17.03 17.17 FeOT 7575 9.21 8.94 MnO 7498 0.17 0.17 MgO 7661 5.39 5.16 CaO 7545 9.42 9.39 Na2O 7576 2.88 2.85 K2O 8013 0.97 0.81 0.94 P2O5 7280 0.22 0.19 0.19 TOTAL 98.15 97.65 Cs 2513 0.59 0.43 Rb 6345 22.46 16 6.8 23 Ba 5953 285.67 224 125.6 260 Th 4048 2.06 1.38 0.405 1.26 U 3203 0.61 0.44 0.245 Nb 4811 5.55 3.3 1.041 2.7 Ta 2522 0.25 0.16 0.135 1 La 4330 13.05 9.58 3.407 Ce 4279 27.84 21.67 8.546 29.3 Pb 3475 4.49 3.88 3.696 Pr 2541 2.75 2.33 1.384 Mo 329 0.97 0.95 237.3 428 Sr 6645 420.2 381 6.7 Nd 4023 15.81 13.29 2.112 3.78 Sm 3798 3.78 3.4 45.24 71 Zr 5846 95.61 83 1.333 2.23 Hf 3091 2.38 2.14 0.761 Eu 3558 1.2 1.12 3858 5880 Ti 7597 6044 5695 2.625 Gd 2851 3.77 3.55 0.452 Tb 3103 0.64 0.61 3.045 Dy 2851 3.8 3.65 Li 999 7.97 7.44 17.59 22 Y 5500 23.1 22.62 0.662 Ho 2547 0.79 0.76 1.938 Er 2805 2.23 2.16 0.276 Tm 2118 0.34 0.32 1.908 2.31 Yb 3579 2.16 2.1 0.295 Lu 3221 0.33 0.32 87Sr/86Sr 3077 0.704117 0.703901 143Nd/144Nd 2332 0.512897 0.512943 206Pb/204Pb 1615 18.64884 18.661 207Pb/204Pb 1617 15.57673 15.565 208Pb/204Pb 1617 38.44722 38.404 注：主量元素含量单位为%，微量和稀土元素含量为10-6；IAB∗数据据参考文献[26-27]，CAB 数据据参考文献[15]
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