Geochemical characteristics of rocks and U-Pb, Re-Os age of the Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit in Chen Barag Banner, Inner Mongoli
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摘要:
得尔布干成矿带是中国东北地区中、俄、蒙毗邻区域一条重要的铜、钼、金、铅锌多金属成矿带，控制产出大量多金属矿床。满洲里—陈巴尔虎旗一线集中产出铜钼矿，如乌奴格吐山铜钼矿、八大关铜钼矿、八八一铜钼矿。然而与相邻俄罗斯额尔古纳—上黑龙江—岗仁成矿带中的铜钼矿产出现状对比，无论数量还是规模均相差甚远，显示仍存在较大找矿空间。在近年来大量野外地质工作及矿床实际考察基础上，阐述了八大关铜钼矿矿床地质特征。通过岩石地球化学特征研究、LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb及辉钼矿Re-Os年龄测试，确定八大关铜钼矿为形成于印支晚期（205.8±3.4Ma），受八大关短轴背斜及NE-SN向断裂控制的造山带斑岩型铜钼矿。与乌奴格吐山铜钼矿对比，八大关矿区形成于燕山早期的花岗质斑岩体极有可能是新的铜钼赋矿体。
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关键词:
- 八大关铜钼矿 /
- 地质特征 /
- 岩石地球化学 /
- LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄 /
- 辉钼矿Re-Os年龄
Abstract:The Derbugan metallogenic belt, which controls lots of molymetalic deposits, is an important Cu-Mo-Au-Pb-Zn molymetalic metallogenic belt in the China-Russia-Mongolia border area. Cu-Mo deposits, such as Wunugetushan, Badaguan, Babayi, are concentrated in Manzhouli and Chen Barag Banner. However, there is big ore-prospecting space in the area whether in number or in scale compared with Cu-Mo deposits in the Erguna-Upper Heilongjiang-Gangren metallogenic belt in adjacent Russia. On the basis of field geological work and investigation of the Badaguan deposit, the authors investigated geological characteristics of the deposit. On the basis of studying rock geochemical data (major elements, trace elements and REE), LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating of zircon and Re-Os dating of molybdenite, the authors hold that the Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit is a porphyry Cu-Mo deposit related to orogenic belt and was formed in Late Indo-Chinese epoch(205.8±3.4Ma)and controlled by Badaguan short-axis anticlines or NE-SN faults. A comparison with the Wunugetushan Cu-Mo deposit shows that granite-porphyry generated in Early-Yanshanian period is probably a new type of ore-bearing rock in the Badaguan ore district.
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致谢: 八大关铜钼矿矿山企业领导及技术人员为项目组一行赴矿床考察提供了便利条件，中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心李惠民教授为论文的修改提供了宝贵建议，在此一并感谢。
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图 1 八大关铜钼矿地质图及区域位置图
Q—第四系；C-P—二叠系—石炭系；D—泥盆系；γπ—花岗斑岩；γδπ—花岗闪长斑岩；γδ—花岗闪长岩；κγ—碱性花岗岩；γp—片麻状花岗岩；οπ—石英斑岩脉；1—采样位置；2—断裂；3—蚀变带界线；4—国界；5—西伯利亚板块；6—上黑龙江盆地；7—额尔古纳地块；8—大兴安岭火山岩带；9—海拉尔盆地；10—铜钼矿床；11—八大关；12—八八一；13—乌奴格吐山
Figure 1. Geological map of the Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit and regional position
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图 2 八大关铜钼矿标本及井下照片
a—片理化花岗闪长斑岩；b—辉钼矿石；c—井下-80m处蓝铜矿化；d—井下-80m处黄铁矿脉
Figure 2. Photos of specimens and underground photos in the Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit
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图 6 八大关铜钼矿花岗岩构造环境判别图解
a—SiO2-Al2O3判别图解；b—R1-R2判别图解；c—（Y+Nb）-Rb判别图解；d—Y-Nb判别图解；IAG—岛弧花岗岩类；CAG—大陆弧花岗岩类；CCG—大陆碰撞花岗岩类；POG—造山后花岗岩类；RRG—与裂谷有关的花岗岩类；CEUG—陆内造陆运动隆起花岗岩类；Syn-CLOG—同碰撞花岗岩；WPG—板内花岗岩；VAG—火山弧花岗岩；ORG—洋脊花岗岩
Figure 6. Discrimination diagram for tectonic setting of granite in the Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit
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图 7 八大关铜钼矿花岗岩锆石阴极发光（CL）图像
Figure 7. CL images of selected zircons from granites in Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit
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图 8 八大关铜钼矿花岗岩U-Pb谐和图
Figure 8. U-Pb concordia diagram of granites in Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit
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图 9 八大关铜钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os等时线年龄图
Figure 9. Re-Os isochron age diagram of molybdenite in the Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit
表 1 主量元素特征值
Table 1 Characteristic values of major elements
% 样品编号 样品岩性 Na2O MgO AI2O3 SiO2 P2O5 K2O CaO TiO2 MnO TFe2O3 FeO LOI K11b-1 片理化花岗闪长斑岩 0.30 0.44 6.46 84.05 0.033 2.30 2.31 0.16 0.079 1.88 1.22 1.80 K11b-2 花岗斑岩 3.58 0.050 10.68 76.83 0.012 3.36 0.79 0.22 0.11 3.98 1.42 0.28 CK-1 石英斑岩 3.40 0.36 10.64 78.34 0.034 3.08 0.00 0.20 0.08 1.90 1.17 - CK-3 青磐岩化花岗闪长岩 3.98 1.91 14.73 67.54 0.127 3.24 2.24 0.50 0.08 1.27 2.28 - CK-4 青灰色石英斑岩 3.84 0.30 11.76 75.64 0.034 4.12 0.50 0.30 0.09 1.18 1.39 - CK-5 花岗闪长岩 4.14 2.03 14.12 62.48 0.172 2.04 4.90 0.45 0.13 1.10 2.00 - CK-6 石英-绢云母化花岗闪长岩 3.32 1.49 16.27 66.16 0.190 2.92 2.74 0.50 0.06 1.04 2.03 - CK-7 青灰色石英斑岩 2.90 0.24 12.17 75.40 0.030 4.12 0.83 0.30 0.09 0.79 1.74 - CK-8 青磐岩化花岗闪长岩 3.94 2.99 15.24 64.26 0.152 2.40 2.34 0.70 0.06 1.62 2.73 - CK-11 碱性花岗岩 3.88 0.48 13.81 73.86 0.065 4.60 0.33 0.25 0.05 0.81 0.81 - CK-12 青灰色石英斑岩 3.62 0.12 10.95 78.22 0.047 1.38 0.33 0.25 0.05 1.79 1.04 - CK-13 流纹斑岩 3.28 0.72 14.32 72.60 0.086 3.70 0.50 0.45 0.06 0.99 1.49 - CK-15 石英-绢云母化花岗闪长岩 4.14 1.07 16.06 69.20 0.095 1.60 1.50 0.40 0.03 1.77 1.07 - 
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表 2 微量和稀土元素特征值
Table 2 Characteristic values of trace elements and REE
样品编号 样品岩性 Y La Ce Pr Nd Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu K11b-1 片理化花岗闪长斑岩 3.32 10.8 23.8 2.50 8.91 1.52 0.42 1.39 0.19 0.85 0.14 1.01 0.06 0.45 0.06 K11b-2 花岗斑岩 84.0 55.4 134 16.90 64.73 16.14 0.80 13.50 2.62 19.43 3.42 23.24 1.67 12.95 1.78 样品编号 样品岩性 Ba Co Cr Nb Ni Rb Sr V Zr Li Cs Th Ga Sc Hf Ta K11b-1 片理化花岗闪长斑岩 244 0.18 15.6 9.83 2.96 41.3 105 27.8 57.2 9.5 2.48 1.90 12.1 2.46 2.28 0.34 K11b-2 花岗斑岩 96.9 1.12 16.8 56.7 3.79 74.4 71.0 4.62 0.14* 0.90 0.21 1.86 2.43 0.59 22.4 2.81
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表 3 八大关铜钼矿花岗岩（样品K11b-1、K11b-2）LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Th-Pb定年数据
Table 3 Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Th-Pb dating datas of granites in Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit (sample K11b-1 and K11b-2)
测点 Th/U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235Pb 206Pb/238U 207Pb/206Pb 207Pb/235U 206Pb/238U 编号 比值 误差/σ 比值 误差/σ 比值 误差/σ 年龄/Ma 误差/σ 年龄/Ma 误差/σ 年龄/Ma 误差/σ K11b-1-2 0.65 0.05214 0.00134 0.22244 0.00601 0.03156 0.00063 291.5 57.6 203.9 5.0 200.3 4.0 K11b-1-6 0.67 0.05266 0.00150 0.24228 0.00744 0.03354 0.00068 314.1 63.5 220.3 6.1 212.7 4.3 K11b-1-7 0.53 0.04881 0.00179 0.22774 0.00924 0.03317 0.00071 138.8 84.1 208.3 7.6 210.3 4.4 K11b-1-8 0.60 0.05255 0.00141 0.23028 0.00653 0.03199 0.00064 309.2 59.7 210.4 5.4 203.0 4.0 K11b-1-9 0.57 0.05003 0.00138 0.22196 0.00649 0.03200 0.00064 196.3 62.8 203.5 5.4 203.1 4.0 K11b-1-11 0.61 0.05285 0.00144 0.23627 0.00682 0.03337 0.00067 322.2 60.5 215.4 5.6 211.6 4.2 K11b-1-12 0.66 0.04951 0.00125 0.21977 0.00581 0.03268 0.00065 171.9 58.0 201.7 4.8 207.3 4.1 K11b-1-14 0.63 0.05238 0.00136 0.23827 0.00654 0.03250 0.00065 302.1 58.1 217.0 5.4 206.2 4.0 K11b-1-16 0.63 0.05159 0.00132 0.22603 0.00607 0.03228 0.00064 267.3 57.7 206.9 5.0 204.8 4.0 K11b-1-17 0.53 0.04887 0.00164 0.22587 0.00828 0.03348 0.00070 141.7 77.0 206.8 6.9 212.3 4.4 K11b-1-20 0.67 0.05129 0.00135 0.22283 0.00619 0.03277 0.00065 254.1 59.6 204.3 5.1 207.8 4.1 K11b-1-21 0.62 0.05359 0.00154 0.24030 0.00739 0.03252 0.00066 353.8 63.4 218.7 6.1 206.3 4.1 K11b-1-22 0.61 0.04905 0.00164 0.21924 0.00798 0.03248 0.00068 150.3 76.5 201.3 6.7 206.0 4.2 K11b-1-23 0.58 0.05209 0.00171 0.22703 0.00811 0.03166 0.00066 289.3 73.4 207.7 6.7 200.9 4.1 K11b-1-25 0.60 0.05339 0.00180 0.23282 0.00857 0.03298 0.00069 345.4 74.3 212.5 7.1 209.2 4.3 K11b-1-26 0.55 0.04990 0.00154 0.22855 0.00762 0.03252 0.00066 190.3 70.3 209.0 6.3 206.3 4.1 K11b-1-27 0.59 0.05251 0.00165 0.22460 0.00760 0.03183 0.00065 307.6 69.8 205.7 6.3 202.0 4.1 K11b-1-29 0.59 0.05162 0.00149 0.23523 0.00729 0.03224 0.00065 268.8 65.0 214.5 6.0 204.6 4.1 K11b-1-30 0.64 0.05036 0.00126 0.22762 0.00592 0.03218 0.00063 211.7 57.0 208.2 4.9 204.2 4.0 K11b-1-31 0.65 0.04953 0.00124 0.22044 0.00573 0.03220 0.00063 173.1 57.4 202.3 4.8 204.3 3.9 K11b-1-32 0.60 0.05053 0.00134 0.22033 0.00615 0.03260 0.00065 219.3 60.4 202.2 5.1 206.8 4.0 K11b-1-33 0.47 0.05231 0.00184 0.23228 0.00896 0.03276 0.00069 299.0 78.2 212.1 7.4 207.8 4.3 K11b-1-34 0.62 0.05220 0.00164 0.23301 0.00795 0.03295 0.00068 294.2 70.2 212.7 6.6 209.0 4.2 K11b-1-35 0.71 0.05136 0.00136 0.23691 0.00661 0.03345 0.00066 257.1 59.7 215.9 5.4 212.1 4.1 K11b-2-1 0.69 0.05379 0.00190 0.20055 0.00766 0.02902 0.00061 362.2 77.7 185.6 6.5 184.4 3.8 K11b-2-2 0.68 0.05075 0.00152 0.15203 0.00471 0.02207 0.00044 229.5 67.7 143.7 4.2 140.7 2.8 K11b-2-3 0.85 0.05082 0.00156 0.19887 0.00651 0.02893 0.00059 232.8 69.5 184.2 5.5 183.9 3.7 K11b-2-6 0.90 0.05792 0.00411 0.15540 0.01175 0.02076 0.00058 526.3 148.8 146.7 10.3 132.4 3.7 K11b-2-7 0.77 0.05367 0.00185 0.21039 0.00784 0.02718 0.00057 357.3 75.7 193.9 6.6 172.9 3.6 K11b-2-10 0.58 0.05132 0.00183 0.21565 0.00840 0.03017 0.00063 255.2 80.1 198.3 7.0 191.6 4.0 K11b-2-11 1.20 0.04948 0.00265 0.13589 0.00773 0.01944 0.00047 170.6 120.4 129.4 6.9 124.1 3.0 K11b-2-15 0.83 0.05067 0.00136 0.20207 0.00568 0.02925 0.00058 226.0 61.1 186.9 4.8 185.8 3.6 K11b-2-16 1.11 0.04931 0.00150 0.14238 0.00449 0.02132 0.00043 162.7 69.7 135.2 4.0 136.0 2.7 K11b-2-17 1.06 0.07299 0.00490 0.20348 0.01499 0.02079 0.00061 1013.6 130.5 188.1 12.7 132.7 3.9 K11b-2-19 1.00 0.05231 0.00238 0.15318 0.00741 0.02219 0.00050 298.8 101.3 144.7 6.5 141.5 3.2 K11b-2-20 1.21 0.04620 0.00517 0.12438 0.01467 0.01806 0.00062 1808.2 249.3 119.0 13.3 115.4 3.9 K11b-2-22 1.38 0.05060 0.00151 0.14850 0.00457 0.02113 0.00042 222.6 67.5 140.6 4.0 134.8 2.7 K11b-2-23 1.32 0.06003 0.00169 0.19205 0.00563 0.02377 0.00048 604.7 59.7 178.4 4.8 151.4 3.0 K11b-2-24 0.96 0.05242 0.00251 0.16612 0.00849 0.02268 0.00051 304.0 105.7 156.0 7.4 144.6 3.2 K11b-2-25 1.14 0.04875 0.00143 0.13949 0.00421 0.02088 0.00042 136.0 67.5 132.6 3.8 133.2 2.6 K11b-2-27 0.69 0.05148 0.00135 0.15980 0.00429 0.02274 0.00045 262.4 59.1 150.5 3.8 145.0 2.8 K11b-2-28 1.50 0.05756 0.00213 0.18851 0.00749 0.02341 0.00050 512.7 80.2 175.4 6.4 149.1 3.2 K11b-2-29 0.75 0.05636 0.00160 0.22605 0.00680 0.02939 0.00059 465.9 62.0 206.9 5.6 186.7 3.7
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表 4 八大关铜钼矿辉钼矿Re-Os同位素数据
Table 4 Re-Os isotope data of molybdenite from the Badaguan Cu-Mo deposit
样品编号 样重/g 187Re/10-6 187Os/10-6 模式年龄/Ma b-1 0.00151 189.6±2.6 660.1±4.1 205.1±3.3 b-2 0.00316 128.7±2.0 451.4±4.2 206.0±3.5 b-3 0.00352 194.0±1.0 676.2±1.9 206.3±3.3 b-4 0.00364 103.6±1.5 361.6±4.2 205.6±3.5
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