西藏拉萨地体西北部革吉地区两期早白垩世岩浆作用——锆石U-Pb年龄、Hf同位素和地球化学特征

    Two episodes of Early Cretaceous magmatism in Geji area of the Lhasa Block, Tibet

    • 摘要: 邦巴岩体位于拉萨地块西部革吉地区, 由主体花岗岩、花岗闪长岩、闪长质包体及一系列近平行、南北向展布的花岗斑岩脉体组成。野外地质调查和LA-MC-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年表明, 革吉地区白垩纪的两期岩浆活动分别发生在131~132Ma和127Ma。早期岩浆作用形成主体花岗岩、花岗闪长岩及闪长质包体, 具有以下特征:①明显富集K、Cs等大离子亲石元素, 亏损Nb、Ti、Zr等高场强元素; ②具有明显的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.49~0.61)及负Ce异常; ③具负εHf(t)值(-3.2~-0.3)及古老的地壳模式年龄(1.210~1.399Ga); ④初始Sr同位素比值为0.70424~0.71472, εHf(t)值为-5.70~-5.54。晚期岩浆作用形成花岗斑岩脉体, 具有以下特征:①富集K、Cs等大离子亲石元素, 强烈亏损Nb、Ta、Ti等高场强元素; ②基本不具有负Eu异常或具有轻微的负Eu异常(Eu/Eu*=0.74~0.87);③具有更老的Hf同位素地壳模式年龄(1.226~1.576Ga)及更负的大范围变化的εHf(t)值(-6.1~-0.7)。晚期岩浆作用锆饱和温度(777~796℃)及轻稀土元素不饱和温度(794~812℃)均高于早期岩浆的锆饱和温度(661~762℃)及轻稀土元素不饱和温度(750~769℃)。上述特征表明, 两期岩浆作用均为中拉萨地块古老基底部分与地幔物质混染部分熔融的产物, 随着岩浆作用的持续进行, 岩浆中的古老地壳组分增加, 熔体温度也增加, 可能与南向俯冲的班公-怒江洋壳回转驱动的地幔岩浆活动向北迁移有关

       

      Abstract: A series of sub-parallel, NS-trending dikes of rhyolitic composition intruded the Bangba granitic complex in Geji area, western central Lhasa Block. Field investigation and LA-MC-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating indicate that two episodes of Early Cretaceous magamatism occurred at 131~132Ma and 127Ma respectively in this area. Earlier episode magmatism is represented by the formation of the dioritic enclaves and their hosts of granodiorite and granite. The magmatic rocks of this episode are characterized by①enrichment of LILEs(K, Cs) and depletion of HFSEs(Nb, Ti, Zr); ②negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*=0.49~0.61) and negative Ce anomalies; ③negative zircon εHf(t)(-3.2~-0.3) and ancient two stage model ages(1.210~1.399Ga); and(4) unradioenic to radiogenic initial 87Sr/86Sr(0.70424~0.71472), and negative Nd(t)(-5.70~-5.54). The rhyolitic dikes, generated by the second episode of magmatism, are characterized by①enrichment of LILEs(K, Cs) and depletion of HFSEs(Nb, Ti, Zr); ②weak negative Eu anomalies(Eu/Eu*=0.74~0.87); and③highly variable negative zircon εHf(t)(-6.1~-0.7) and more ancient two stage model ages(1.226~1.576Ga). Both the zircon saturation thermometer(777~796℃) and monazite saturation thermometer(794~812℃) yielded slightly higher magma temperature for the rhyolitic dike than the temperatures(661~762℃and 750~769℃) either for granodiotite or for the mafic enclave. Both episodes of magmatism are considered to have been the consequence of mixing of mantle-derived magma with the mag-ma derived from melting of ancient continental crust, which might have resulted from roll-back of southward subduction of the Ban-gong-Nujiang oceanic lithosphere.

       

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