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Abstract:
An abundant and diversified assemblage of benthic fossils from the Ediacaran Doushantuo black shales in the Wenghui section of Guizhou Province contains two discoidal carbonaceous forms, Kullingia rotadiscopsis sp. nov. and Eoaequorea xingi gen. & sp. nov. The fossils have well-preserved concentric rings and radiating lines, and resemble many circular casts and moulds in Edia-caran clastic and carbonate rocks in the world, such as Aspidella, Ediacaria, Cyclomedusa, Eoporpita, Ovatoscutum, Spriggia and Kullingia. The Doushantuo carbonaceous macrofossils help us to inquire into the current functional identifications of circular disks as the holdfasts of unknown organism or scratch circles. Although there is not sufficient correspondence in morphology to warrant reinterpreting all previously described Kullingia and Aspidella form-genus-type structures, these carbonaceous compressions are prone to be the ancestor of pelagic jellyfish-like organisms with medusoid hydrozoan affinity.
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Keywords:
- Ediacara /
- discoidal macrofossils /
- South China /
- medusoid organisms
摘要:华南黔东北地区伊迪卡拉系陡山沱组黑色页岩中产出丰富多样的海相底栖宏体化石组合,其中包含2个新属种Kullingiarotadiscopsis sp. nov.和Eoaequorea xingi gen. & sp. nov.。新类别具有保存清晰的碳质同心环纹和辐射状纹饰,形态上相似于国外广泛分布在碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩中的伊迪卡拉纪典型的圆盘状化石,例如Aspidella,Ediacaria,Cyclomedusa,Eoporpita,Ovatoscutum,Spriggia,Kullingia等。上述化石在国外几乎都保存为印痕,近年来多被解释为不明亲缘底栖生物的圆形固着痕迹或抓痕、圆环状扫痕等,华南陡山沱组碳质压膜保存的圆盘状宏体化石显然不支持该解释。目前,还没有充分的证据表明华南新发现的碳膜化石与国外形态类似的印痕化石如Kullingia和Aspidella具有相同的亲缘关系,但支持将华南化石归属为可能最早的浮游型水螅水母。
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Acknowledgements: We thank the Zhejiang Museum of Natural History for facilitating specimen access; Prof. Stefan Bengtson from Swidish Museum of Natural History and Dr. Lidya Tarhan from Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University for useful comments and suggestions; Pengju Liu, Shouming Chen from CAGS and Yue Wang from Guizhou University for field helps. Author contributions include that Feng Tang designed research and wrote the paper; Lin Zhong and Donghui Guo gave powerful translating help and discussion; Xinsheng Jin prepared specimens; Chongyu Yin performed research.
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Figure 1. Meandering tentacle-like carbonaceous compressions(a, b), ZMNH M10076(a), M10077(b), and almost complete rhizoid holdfasts of two macroalgae fossils(c, d)ZMNH M10078(c), M10079(d). The minimum scale is 1mm.
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