东准噶尔喀拉萨依高分异A 型花岗岩岩石成因及其地质意义

    Petrogenesis and geological significance of highly fractionated A-type granites in Kalasayi, East Junggar

    • 摘要: 喀拉萨依岩体位于东准噶尔卡拉麦里碱性花岗岩带西端,由钾长花岗岩和二长花岗岩组成。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为307.7±3.2Ma~309.6±2.0Ma,岩石高硅(SiO2平均含量为77.25%)、富碱(K2O+Na2O=7.50%~9.23%)、低铝(A/CNK=0.922~1.084),贫钙、镁;富集Rb、K、Th等大离子亲石元素及Zr、Hf等高场强元素和稀土元素,亏损Ba、Sr、Eu。10000Ga/Al值变化于7.00~10.35之间,总体上具碱性A型花岗岩的特征,是该岩带东侧老鸦泉—黄羊山A型花岗岩岩基经高程度分异演化的产物,并非前人认为的S型花岗岩。岩体具正εNd(t)值(3.5~6.0)和年轻的Nd模式年龄(TDM2=520~630Ma),Pb同位素投点位于造山带演化线附近,同位素数据显示岩浆来源于新生造山带下部的年轻地壳。从本次1∶5万区调成果看,卡拉麦里洋盆在晚泥盆世之前已经闭合,从晚泥盆世开始转入碰撞后的拉张环境,在晚石炭世早期进入板内裂谷发展阶段,因此喀拉萨依岩体应是该区板内裂谷阶段而非前人所说的后碰撞阶段的产物。

       

      Abstract: Kalasayi granites are located in the westernmost part of the Kalamaili alkaline granite belt in East Junggar and are composed of moyite and adamellite. The LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb ages of Kalasayi granites are 307.7±3.2Ma~309.6±2.0Ma. The rocks have high silicon (SiO2 average of 77.25% ), rich alkali (K2O+Na2O=7.50%~9.23%), low aluminum (A/CNK=0.922~1.084), and poor calcium and magnesium. They are also enriched in Rb, K, Th and other LILEs as well as in Zr, Hf and other high field strength elements and rare earth elements, but are depleted in Ba, Sr, Eu. 10000Ga/Al values vary from 7.00 to 10.35. On the whole,Kalasayi granites exhibit characteristics of A-type granites and are highly fractionated products of the Laoyaquan-Huangyangshan A-type granites batholith on the eastern side instead to S-type granites as previously thought. Nd isotopic compositions of the Kalasayi granites are positive(εNd(t)=3.5~6.0)and show young Nd model ages(TDM2=520~630Ma), with Pb isotope located near the orogenic evolution line, suggesting that the possible magma source might have been the lower part of the young fresh orogenic crust. The results of the 1:50000 regional survey show that Kalamaili ocean basin was closed before the Late Devonian, and then entered into an extensional environment after collision and eventually into the rift stage in the Late Carboniferous. Kalasayi granites should be the products of rift environment rather than the products of post-collisional stage as previously thought.

       

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