青藏高原拉萨地块西段三叠纪古地磁结果及其构造意义

    Paleomagnetism of Triassic rocks in the western Lhasa terrane, Tibetan Plateau, and its tectonic implications

    • 摘要: 报道拉萨地块西段三叠纪古地磁研究的初步结果。古地磁样品来自措勤县敌布错北缘新发现的海相三叠纪地层,共采集6个采点67块独立定向样品。岩石磁学实验表明,样品中含有大量中低矫顽力中等阻挡温度的磁性矿物和一定量的磁铁矿。于4个采点的47块样品中分离出现代地磁场的低温粘滞剩磁(分量A),在6个采点66块样品中获得白垩纪的次生剩磁分量(分量B),5个采点28块样品获得高温特征剩磁分量(分量C)。分量C仅可在少数以磁铁矿为主要载磁矿物的样品高温区间(525~585℃)获得,可通过标准褶皱检验,为岩石形成时期的原生剩磁信息。计算得出拉萨地块三叠纪的古地磁极位置:φρ=17.4°N、λρ=205.9°E、(dp=6.7,dm=3.7),该结果表明拉萨地块三叠纪处于南纬中低纬度地区。结合羌塘古地磁结果推测,羌北地块与拉萨地块之间班公湖—怒江缝合带所代表的特提斯洋盆可能在早三叠世打开,早三叠世—晚三叠世期间快速扩张并推动羌北地块快速北移,促使了羌北地块与欧亚大陆南缘的拼合。

       

      Abstract: A paleomagnetic study of the Triassic marine sediments on the western margin of the Lhasa terrane was carried out in this paper. Six sites (67 samples) were investigated. The rock magnetic data reveal that most of the samples are dominated by pyrrhotite and some are dominated by magnetite. A recent remanent magnetization (component A) was identified at four sites (47 samples), and two main components were identified: one of them (component B), which was obtained at six sites (66 samples) and characterized by a negative fold test, was identified as a Cretaceous remagnetization. The second (component C) could only be identified in some magnetite-dominant samples in the high temperature range (525-585℃). The mean directions obtained at five sites (28 samples) by combining characteristic remanent magnetization directions (ChRM) and great circles yielded a positive fold test which constrains the magnetization acquisition time. The calculated paleomagnetic north pole for the Triassic of Lhasa terrane has the following data: φρ=17.4°N,λρ=205.9°E,(dp=6.7,dm=3.7). These pole positions are different from the positions of other poles in the Lhasa terrane, suggesting that the Lhasa terrane was paleogeographically situated at low latitudes in the southern hemisphere in the Triassic. Based on a comparison with the previously published paleomagnetic results from the Triassic rocks in the northern Qiangtang region, the authors hold that the Paleo-Tethys separating the Lhasa and northern Qiangtang terrane was probably opened in the Early Triassic, and then expanded rapidly during the early Triassic to late Triassic period. Owing to the opening of the Bangong Co-Nnujiang River Ocean, the Qiangtang terrane drifted northward quickly, and merged into southern Eurasia plates in the Late Triassic.

       

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