Abstract: The leading role of science and technology in the breakthrough of the ore-prospecting work is dealt with in this paper from such aspects as the difficulty and demand of the current ore-prospecting work, the importance of science and technology in leading ore-prospecting breakthrough, the role and position of scientific and technical innovation in the breakthrough of ore-prospecting work, and the major tasks and working mechanism of science and technology in leading ore-prospecting breakthrough. It is hoped that the opinions put forward in this paper will be of some help to promoting the strategy of ore-prospecting breakthrough.