Abstract: There is a few of research and exploration on the Upper Paleozoic petroleum resources in Songliao Basin and its surrounding areas where showing good potential oil-gas resources. In recent years, potential area selection work has been carried out by China in the Carboniferous and Permian layers. Based on the field work, geophysical exploration and scientific well, characteristic of Paleozoic Songliao Basin, history of tectonic evolution in different stages of new tectonic system, the distribution, thickness, aging effect of resource rock and favorable reservoir conditions of Upper Paleozoic, have been studied and evaluated. In order to provide some area for Petroleum Company checking, potential petroleum targets have been chosen. This work is significance to develop new petroleum geological theory and keep stable and sustained development of oil and gas exploration of Songliao Basin and adjacent areas.