Abstract: Based on the analysis of petroleum geological condition, present situation of oil and gas resources exploration and progress of strategic selection of potential area in China, the authors provided the future direction and emphasis of petroleum strategic selection in China. After the national petroleum survey, we thought that China petroleum geological and tectonic condition are very complication. Petroleum exploration is facing high challenges, the following region and layer, such as deep-water region of northern part of South China Sea, outside basin of Songliao Basin, pre-Paleocene layer of eastern China and offshore area, petroliferous basin of Tibetan Plateau, new type resources have been paid more attention by China petroleum company, and as the keystone of basic and public interest of petroleum strategic survey and valuation. Using new technique, a series of geological results can be get, and petroleum can be find or breakthrough. In the future, the direction and stress of petroleum strategic selection of China need to focus on the survey and research of the above area and layer.