Abstract: Soil fertility evaluation in the Lake Dongting region，Hunan Province, China. Geological Bulletin of China, 2009, 28(5):676-684Abstract: This paper is relied on an academic project entitled "eco-geochemical survey of Lake Dongting region in Hunan province", and is based on the multi-purpose regional geochemical survey of this area. Classification evaluation is conducted on the total or available contents of N, P, K, B, Mo, Mn and Se, moreover, by means of AHP (analytic hierarchy process) method, comprehensive assessment of soil fertility level in Lake Dongting Region is also accomplished. The result shows that area percentage with abundant or medium total N and K content accounts for 96.5% and 99% while total P content is relatively low. The contents of available N, P, K, B, Mo and Mn are regressed according to regional geochemical statistical principle, except for P and B, other elements are abundant. Se content of the region is noticeably high, in this way, much emphasis should be put in developing products of high Se content. It's indicated that the ratio of level 2 or above area reaches 65% in terms of soil fertility. In conclusion, the contents of such beneficial elements like N, K, and Mn are generally high, which is an advantage for agriculture. It′s also suggested that we should choose farmland with low heavy metal elements contents and high fertilizer capacity for pollution-free food.