藏北羌塘中部果干加年山早古生代堆晶辉长岩的锆石SHRIMP年龄——兼论原-古特提斯洋演化

    western Dabashan Tectonic belt and its significances

    • 摘要: 位于羌塘中部龙木错-双湖缝合带中的果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩,主要由辉石橄榄岩、堆晶辉石岩、堆晶辉长岩和斜长岩等岩石类型组成。通过对堆晶辉长岩锆石的矿物学与年代学研究,堆晶辉长岩中发育3种内部结构特征的锆石晶体,锆石Th、U含量和Th/U值揭示同一岩浆系统中结晶形成的岩浆锆石。获得堆晶辉长岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb谐和年龄461±7Ma(MSWD=1.3)、431.7±6.9Ma(MSWD=0.54),分别代表了青藏高原中部地区原-古特提斯洋扩张过程中早期(中奥陶世Darriwilian阶晚期)、晚期(早志留世Telychian阶中期)的岩浆作用事件。果干加年山早古生代堆晶岩具有MORB特征,代表了龙木错-双湖缝合带中残存的早古生代蛇绿岩,也是青藏高原中南部地区目前为止认知时代最早的原-古特提斯洋壳残迹。羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的确定及其年代学约束,使得龙木错-双湖特提斯洋盆的形成时代至少可以追索到中奥陶世-早志留世,并推论龙木错-双湖缝合带、南羌塘古生代增生楔及其中生代盆地和班公湖-怒江缝合带,共同构成了青藏高原特提斯大洋最终消亡的巨型缝合带,晚古生代原-古特提斯洋向南的俯冲消减导致了冈底斯带石炭-二叠纪岛弧型火山岩、二叠纪花岗闪长岩和大洋俯冲型榴辉岩的形成。

       

      Abstract: An Eopaleozoic cumulate, located in the Guoganjianian Mountain (Mt.) area of the Longmucuo-Shuanghu suture zone in the middle part of the Qiangtang of the northern Tibet, consists of the pyroxene-peridotite, cumulative pyroxenite, cumulative gabbro and plagioclase. According to authors’ research on the mineralogy and chronology of zircons in the cumulative gabbro, there are three kinds of zircons on the interior configuration and their Th, U amounts and ratios of Th/U open out that zircons are crystaled from an identical magma system. The SHRIMP U-Pb dating from same sample gives a concordant age of 461±7Ma (MSWD=1.3) and 431.7±6.9Ma (MSWD=0.54) which respectively indicated the early (i.e. Late Darriwilian stage of Middle Ordovician epoch) and late (i.e. Middle Telychian stage of Early Silurian epoch) magmasim during the Proto-and Paleo-Tethys expanding in the central region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plaoteau. The Eopaleozoic cumulate characterized by the MORB is considered not only as the representative of Eopaleozoic ophiolite remained in the Longmucuo-shuanghu suture zone but also, up to now, as the pioneer remanet of the Proto-and Paleo-Tethys with well-founded age in the mid-southern Qinghai-Tibet Plaoteau. Based on results from the confirmable Eopaleozoic ophiolite and its chronology restriction in the middle part of the Qiangtang, we suggest that the Proto-and Paleo-Tethys along the Longmucuo-shuanghu suture zone was leastways formed in the Middle Ordovician-Early Silurian and kept an evolvement until Triassic. Furthermore, we can infer that the Longmucuo-shuanghu suture zone in the central Qiangtang, Paleozoic accreting wedge and Mesozoic basin of the southern Qiangtang and Bangonghu-Nujiang suture zone on the southern margin of the southern Qiangtang constitute the huge suture zone, which was characterized by the final disappearance of the Tethys in the Qinghai-Tibet Plaoteau. The southerly subduction of the Proto-and Paleo-Tethys in Late Paleozoic induced the Carboniferous-Permian arc volcanic rocks, Permian granodiorites and subducing eclogites along the Gangdise belt.

       

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