晚中生代的中国东部高原:证据、问题和启示

    Late Mesozoic East China Plateau: evidence, remained problems and implication

    • 摘要: 中生代中国东部是否存在一个高原是一个有争议的问题,本文主要从岩石学角度对高原的问题作了一些探讨。文中根据埃达克岩和喜马拉雅型花岗岩的时空分布厘定了高原的界线,指出存在一个高原而非山脉。高原存留时间大致从175~113 Ma(中侏罗世-早白垩世),主要发育在165~125 Ma。高原的崛起是从北向南扩展的,并将高原的演化分为萌生期、初期、成熟期、萎缩期、垮塌期、残留期和余脉等7个阶段,探讨了不同阶段高原界线的变迁。文中还讨论了与中国东部高原有关的下地壳拆沉、燕山运动的本质、中生代构造大转折的含义以及与古太平洋板块的关系等学术界关注的重大问题,并指出了高原研究中目前存在的问题、争论的焦点和今后研究的方向。文中建议开展高原古地理学、古环境学、古生态学、古生物学和古气候学等方面的研究,把中国东部高原的研究和青藏高原的研究结合起来,开展对大陆构造理论的创新性研究,企望在新的领域创出新的成果。

       

      Abstract: It has been debated that if there is a plateau in east China in Mesozoic. In this study we defined an East China plateau according to temporal and spatial distribution of adakite and Himalayan-type granites. The plateau was likely formed between 165 to 125 Ma and may have lasted from 175 to 113 Ma. The plateau may have extended from north to south and may have evolved in seven stages according to relevant records in this region. The boundary of the plateau may be changing in different stages. Several relevant issues to the formation of the East China Plateau such as the lower crustal delamination, nature of the Yanshanism, transition of Mesozoic tectonic regime, and subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate, are also discussed. Current problems and debated issues and future work for further evidence for the east China Plateau are also mentioned. It is therefore suggested here that a comprehensive research should be carried out with the combination of paleogeography、paleo-environmentalology、palaeoecology、palarontology and for the plateau. A connection of Mesozoic East China Plateau and Cenozoic Tibetan Plateau should be established to complete the theory of continental tectonic regime.

       

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