Abstract: The Xiagalaiaoyi Pb-Zn deposit is located in the western segment of the intersecting section of the southern edge of the Ergun block Ermul mountain uplift region and the northern margin of the Great Xing'an Range volcanic belt, northwest of Heilongjiang Province.The ore bodies are mainly Fe, Pb, Zn and Mo and occur in the contact zone between the intermediate acid epithermal intrusive rocks and the marble of Wolegen group jixianggou formation (Neoproterozoic-lower Cambrian).It is a skarn type deposit.In this paper, based on the fieldwork and indoor observation, its metallogenic epoch was divided into 2 periods and 5 stages, which are skarn period: ① dry skarn stage, ② wet skarn stage (enriched magnetite), ③ Oxide stage (a small amount of molybdenite), and quartz-sulfide period: ① early sulfide stage (part of molybdenite); ② late sulfide stage (sphalerite and galena).Combined with the ore-forming geological background, geochemical and geophysical characteristics of the Xiagalaiaoyi Pb-Zn deposit, the ore-forming controlling factors could be concluded as follows: ① the marble and schist of the jixianggou formation provide some metallogenic materials during the metallogenic process, ② granite porphyry, granodiorite, fine-grained granite and other intermediate-acid rocks provide ore-forming materials and energy during the intrusion process, ③ the multiple fold structure in the middle of mining area and the NE and NW directions faults are the main ore-controlling structures.The comprehensive information metallogenic prediction was carried out on the GIS platform, which ringed 2 prospecting prediction areas and pointed out the future prospecting directions.The above research results and understanding will be of great guiding significance to the prospecting in the mining area and its periphery, and provide important evidences for further deep prospecting and related theoretical research.