Abstract: Nigeria is the largest population and economy country in Africa, and an important part of China's "the Belt and Road" initiative and China-Africa cooperation.Nigeria is rich in mineral resources with favorable metallogenic conditions and prospecting potential for lithium, tin-niobium-tantalum, gold and iron.However, its geological work degree is low, and most of the mineral resources with good investment prospect has not explored yet.The gold, lithium, niobium and tantalum deposits in Jos-Bauchi: granite-type rare metal metallogenic belt and the gold and pegmatite-type rare metal metallogenic belt in the center and west are the hot spots and minerals invested by Chinese enterprises.In terms of mining policy, Nigeria has institutionalized mining incentives to further attract foreign investors. Based on the analysis of the mineral resources development and mining investment environment in Nigeria, some suggestions on mining investment are put forward, which has certain guiding significance for Chinese enterprises to invest on mining in Nigeria.